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Russia
Strategy, Policy and Administration
Irvin Studin
Russia
Irvin Studin
Editor
Russia
Strategy, Policy and Administration
Editor
Irvin Studin
Global Brief Magazine
Institute for 21st Century Questions
Toronto, Canada
Russia is the world’s most complex country. Its fate, as it returns to the
centre of international affairs and struggles with a vexing multiplicity of
domestic challenges, will, in many ways, be that of the entire world in the
21st century. With the largest territory of any country, 14 different land
borders and several more maritime borders, 85 regions and huge ethnic
mixity, it must be said that the only appropriate posture to be assumed in
studying, analysing, or making determinations about Russia – past, pres-
ent and future – is one of deep humility.
Humility, therefore, is the posture I assumed in preparing this book,
which I hope will be unique and important in its time. The book is the
first, to my knowledge, this century, in English or Russian or any other
language, to assemble the leading specialists of Russia (and Russia only)
in virtually all the public policy fields of the country, from foreign policy
to education, health care, agriculture and, among multiple other areas,
macro- and microeconomic policy, sport, culture and criminal justice. The
book has three key premises:
vii
viii PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I should stress that, in my view, the thinkers and experts gathered in the
book are not only leaders in their fields in Russia, but excel many of their
opposite numbers in other countries in their creativity, curiosity, porous-
ness, depth of knowledge and breadth of intellectual culture. The only
intricacy is that the majority of them, Russian language (and mentality)
oblige, and perhaps post-Soviet cultural and institutional inertia also, are
not well known outside of Russia and some of the former Soviet space. We
try to overcome this major problem by providing a platform, through this
book, to some of the world’s most interesting thinkers to tell us about the
past, present and future of various parts of this mammoth country called
Russia.
I came to my professorship in Moscow fairly serendipitously, but
discovered among colleagues in the Russian Presidential Academy of
National Economy and Public Administration some of the most eclectic
and energetic people with whom I have worked in any academic, research
or policy institution in my years of working around the world. For my
PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ix
Irvin Studin
Moscow, Toronto, Montreal, Whitehorse and Buenos Aires
Contents
5 Russian Federalism 57
Irina Busygina
xiii
xiv Contents
9 Russian Media 97
Ilya Kiriya
14 National Security 145
Dmitry Baluev
20 Education 217
Tatiana Klyachko
21 Health Care 229
Sergey Shishkin
24 Environment 269
Sergey Bobylev
25 Science 281
Irina Dezhina
26 Sport 295
Andrey Adelfinsky and Valery Anashvili
xvi Contents
27 Culture 307
Vitaly Kurennoy and Rouslan Khestanov
28 Family Policy 319
Sergei Zakharov
29 Criminal Justice 331
Leonid Kosals and Sergey Pavlenko
30 The Bureaucracy 341
Vladimir Yuzhakov and Elena Dobrolyubova
33 State Corporations 381
Viktor Dementiev
Index 393
List of Figures
xvii
List of Tables
xix
CHAPTER 1
Irvin Studin
I. Studin (*)
The Institute for 21st Century Questions and Global Brief Magazine,
Toronto, Canada
Argumentative Algorithmic
Strengths • Procedural legitimacy • Results-based legitimacy
• Rich feedback mechanisms to • Highly trained, filtered and
political power culturally respected and protected
• Tendencies to constitutional policy elite
decentralisation, if not • Capacity for long-term planning
federalisation (type of • Capacity for rapid practical policy
feedback mechanism) fixes
• High marginal value of
individual life
• More porous majority-
minority relations