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Indefinite Integration
Indefinite Integration
r
( b ) a x dx ; a px q dx a0 e x e x dx ; a · b dx
mx nx
p ln a
4. sin x dx cos x C
1
sin( ax b) dx a cos( ax b ) C
sicos x cos 2 x
1 cos x dx [ Ans. (2 sin x x )]
2 2 3
4
1 sin x ; cos 2 x cos 3x dx ; sin x dx ;
4
sin 2 x · cos x dx ; sin x dx ; cos x dx ; cos x dx ;
.B
cos x dx sin x C cos 5 x cos 4 x 1
1 1 2 cos 3x dx [Ans. ( sin x 2 sin 2 x )];
cos( ax b ) dx a sin( ax b) C
cos 3 x sin 3 x
cos x sin x dx ; sin x dx
G
2
cosec x dx cot x C 2
(cot x cos x )dx ;
2
2 1 2 2 2 2
cosec x dx a cot( ax b) C tan x sin x dx (tan x sin x ) dx
a sin 3 x b cos 3 x cosec x tan 2 x sin 2 x
6. sec x tan x dx sec x C ; dx ;
sin 2 x cos 2 x sin x
cosec x cot x dx cosec x C dx sin x 3
1 sin 3x ; cos 2 x (1 3 sin x ) dx
dx dx 1 x x 2 cos 2 x 2 x2
7. 1 x2 ; a2 x2 tan 1
x 2 1 · cosec x dx ; 1 x 2 dx ;
a a
dx dx 1 x x4 dx
1 x 2 ; a 2 x 2 sin a 1 x 2 dx ; 9 4 x 2
dx dx 1 1 x dx dx
x x 2 1 ; x x 2 a 2 a sec a ( 2 x 7 ) ( x 3)( x 4) ; ( x 2 4 x 4)( x 2 4 x 5)
General: In each case, find a function f satisfying the given conditions.
(a) f '(x2) = 1/x for x > 0, f (1) = 1; (b) f '(sin2x) = cos2x for all x, f (1) = 1
(c) f '(sin x) = cos2x for all x, f (1) = 1
1 2 1 1 1
[Ans.(a) f (t)=2 t – 1 if t > 0, (b) f (t)= t – t + if 0 t 1, (c) f (t) = t – t3 + if | t | 1]
2 2 3 3
Indefinite
r
always exists F (x) is differentiable
(3)
i.e. e.g. x
1 3
si
If integrand is discontinuous at x = x1 then its antiderivative at x = x1 need not be
discontinuous.
dx . Here x–1/3 is discontinuous at x = 0.
.B
1 3 3 23
but x dx x C is continuous at x = 0
2
d
G
(4) If F(x ) C = f (x) f ( x ) dx F(x ) C then only we say that f (x) is integrable.
dx
(5) Antiderivative of a periodic function need not be a periodic function
@
Types of Integration
Example:
tan x dx ln sec x C ln(cos x) C;
(cot x) dx ln(sin x) (loving integrals)
x
sec x dx ln (sec x tan x) C or ln tan 4 2 C; (loving integrands)
x
cosec x dx ln(cosec x cot x) or ln tan 2 C
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Indefinite
Trigonometric Functions:
4 2
1 1 1 3
1.
n m
sin x .cos x dx ; 2. sin x cos x dx [Ans. x sin 4x sin 2x C ]
16 4 48
General Substitution :
a 2 x 2 ; x = a sin
a 2 x2 ; x = a tan
x2 a 2 ; x = a sec
a 2 x2 2 2
x = a cos
a 2 x2
r
dx
2
x a 2
ln x x 2 a 2 &
dx
2
x a 2 si
ln x x 2 a 2 (loving integrals)
.B
Theory: If f (x) and g (x) are derivable functions then
d
[f (x).g(x) ] f (x).g'(x) g(x).f '(x)
G
dx
f (x).g'(x) dx = f (x) . g (x) – g(x).f '(x) dx
I II
@
I= f
( x)·g
( x) dx
I II
= 1st function integral of 2nd (diff. co-eff. of 1st) (integral of 2nd) d x
Remember ILATE for deciding the choice of the first and second function which is not
arbitrary.
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Indefinite
5x 2 12
Type 3 : dx
r
2 2
x 6x 13
ax
put 5x2 – 12 = A(x2 – 6x + 13) + B(2x – 6) + C
ax ax
3. Use Euler's equation Let P= e cos bx dx and Q = e sin bx dx ,
ax
·e ibx dx = (aib)x
@
hence P + iQ = e e dx
1 a ib ax
P + iQ = e(a+ib)x = 2 e (cosbx + i sin bx)
a ib a b2
(ae ax cos bx be ax sin bx) i(ae ax sin bx be ax cos bx)
=
a 2 b2
e ax (a cos bx b sin bx) e ax (a sin bx b cos bx)
–P= Q=
a 2 b2 a 2 b2
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Indefinite
r
5 x x2
dx (Start 2 cos2 + 5 sin2) [Ans. (x 2)(5 x) 3cos 1
Type 2
(c) x2
dx
(axb) pxq ; Put p x + q = t2 ; e.g.
sidx
(2x 1) 4x 3
3
]
.B
dx 1 dx
Type 3 (ax b) px 2 qx r ; Put a x + b = t ; e.g. (x 1) 1 x x 2
G
dx dx
Type 4 (ax 2 bx c) ; Put px + q = t2 ; e.g. x 2 5x 2
pxq x2
dt
@
dx
Type 5 (ax 2 bx c)
px 2 qx r
Case I When (ax2 + bx + c) breaks up into two linear factors, e.g.
dx
I = 2 then
(x x 2) x 2 x 1
A B 1 dx dx
= x 2 x 1 dx = A B
x2 x 1 (x 2) x 2 x 1 (x 1) x 2 x 1
put x21/ t put x11/ t
Case II If ax2 + bx + c is a perfect square say (lx + m)2 then put lx + m = 1/t
dx 1
Case III If b = 0; q = 0 e.g. (ax 2 2
b) px r
then put x = or the trigonometric
t
substitution are also helpful.
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Indefinite
dx x 3x
1. x 2 x 1 is equal to 6. 4sin x cos 2 cos 2
dx is equal to
1 1
3 –1 2 x 1 (A) cos x – cos 2x + cos 3x + c
(A) tan +c 2 3
2 3
1 1
2 (B) cos x – cos 2x – cos 3x + c
–1 2 x 1 2 3
(B) tan +c
3 3
1 1
(C) cos x + cos 2x + cos 3x + c
1 –1 2 x 1 2 3
(C) tan +c
3 3 1 1
(D) None of these (D) cos x + cos 2x – cos 3x + c
2 3
1 x
2. If 1 sin x dx = tan 2 a + b, then
7. sin x . cos x . cos 2x . cos 4x . cos 8x . cos 16 x dx is
equal to
(A) a = – ,bR sin16 x cos 32 x
4 (A) +c (B) – +c
1024 1024
(B) a = ,bR cos 32 x cos 32 x
4 (C) +c (D) – +c
1096 1096
5
r
(C) a = ,bR
4
sin 8 x cos8 x
3.
(D) None of these
1
(B) –
1
2
sin 2x + c
2
.B
(B) n cosec x (sec x + tan x) + c (C) – sin x + c (D) – sin x + c
2
(C) n sec x (sec x + tan x) + c x
a
(D) n (sec x + tan x) + c 9. dx is equal to
x
G
cos 2 x 1 a x 2a x
4. cos 2 x 1 dx = (A)
x
+c (B)
log a
+c
(A) tan x – x + c
(B) x + tan x + c (C) 2a x
. n a + c (D) None of these
@
(C) x – tan x + c
(D) – x – cot x + c x
55 x
10. 5 . 55 . 5 x dx is equal to
cos 4 x 1 x
5. If cot x tan x dx = A cos 4x + B where A & B 55 5x 3
(A) 3 +c (B) 55 (n 5) + c
(log 5)
are constants, then
(A) A = –1/4 & B may have any value 5x
(B) A = – 1/8 & B may have any value 55
(C) +c (D) None of these
(C) A = –1/2 & B = – 1/4 (log 5)3
(D) None of these
tan x
11. sin x cos x dx is equal to
(A) 2 tan x c (B) 2 cot x c
tan x
(C) c (D) None of these
2
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Indefinite
2x dx
12. If 1 4 x
–1 x
dx = K sin (2 ) + C, then K is equal to 17. If sin x cos 5 x
3 = a cot x + b tan 3 x + c
ex 1 1
13. e x 1
dx is equal to
18. 3 dx is equal to
sin x cos x
x –1 x
(A) n (e + e 2 x 1 ) – sec (e ) + C 2
(A) +c (B) 2 tan x + c
x –1 x tan x
(B) n (e + e 2 x 1 ) + sec (e ) + C
x –1 x
2
(C) n (e – e 2 x 1 ) – sec (e ) + C (C) +c (D) –2 tan x – c
tan x
(D) None of these
n | x |
19. x dx is equal to
r
1 n | x |
14. sec x 1 dx is equal to
x
2 x 1
(A) 2 n cos 2 cos 2 2 + C
2 x
(B)
2
3
2
3
1 n | x | (n |x| – 2) + c
1 n | x | (n |x| + 2) + c
.B
1
(C) 1 n | x | (n |x| – 2) + c
3
2 x x 1 1
(C) –2 n cos 2 cos 2 2 + C (D) 1 n | x | (3n |x| + 2) + c
3
G
dx 1
16. cos3 x . sin 2 x
is equal to (A)
sin x cos x
+c
2
(B) n (sin x + cos x) + c
5/2
(A) (tan x) + 2 tan x + c (C) n (sin x – cos x) + c
5
2
(D) n (sin x + cos x) + c
2 2
(B) (tan x + 5) tan x + c
5
1 x
(C)
2 2
(tan x + 5) 2 tan x +c
22. 1 x
dx is equal to
5
(D) None of these (A) x 1 x 2 1 x cos 1 ( x ) c
(B) x 1 x 2 1 x cos 1 ( x) c
(C) x 1 x 2 1 x cos 1 ( x ) c
(D) x 1 x 2 1 x cos 1 ( x ) c
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n efinite
n sin x
1 1 x3 1 28. (x e cos x) dx is equal to :
23. If x 1 x 3 dx = a n 3
1 x 1
+ b, then a is
(A) x cos x + c
equal to (B) sin x – x cos x + c
n x
(A) 1/3 (B) 2/3 (C) –e cos x + c
(C) –1/3 (D) –2/3 (D) sin x + x cos x + c
x dx x tan 1 x
24. dx is equal to
29. If 1 x2
dx= 1 x 2 f(x)
1 x 2 (1 x 2 )3
+ A n (x+ x 2 1 )+C, then
1 –1
(A) n(1+ 1 x 2 )+c (B) 2 1 1 x 2 c (A) f(x) = tan x, A = –1
2 –1
(B) f(x) = tan x, A = 1
–1
(C) f(x) = 2 tan x, A = –1
(C) 2(1 1 x2 ) c (D) None of these –1
(D) f(x) = 2 tan x, A = 1
x
tan3 2x sec 2x dx is equal to
30. ( x 1) e dx is equal to
25. (A) – xe + C
x x
(B) xe + C
–x –x
(C) –xe + C (D) xe + C
1 3 1
(A) sec 2x – sec 2x + c
3 2
r
(B) –
(C)
1
6
1
6
3
3
sec 2x –
1
1
2
sec 2x + c
sec 2x – sec 2x + c
2
si
.B
1 3 1
(D) sec 2x + sec 2x + c
3 2
tan 1 x cot 1 x
G
4 –1 2 2
(A) x tan x + n (1 + x ) – x + c
@
4 –1 2 2
(B) x tan x – n (1 + x ) + x + c
4 –1 2 2
(C) x tan x + n (1 + x ) + x + c
4 –1 2 2
(D) x tan x – n (1 + x ) – x + c
(log x)
27. x2
dx =
1
(A) (log x + 1) + c
2
1
(B) – (log x+1)+c
x
1
(C) (log x – 1) + c
x
(D) log (x+1) + c
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n efinite
1 1 x x 2
e tan x
31. 1 x2
dx is equal to
36. If
dx
x4 x3 =
A
+
B
+ n
x
+ C, then
x2 x x 1
1 1
(A) x etan x
c (B) x2 etan x
c
1 tan 1 x 1 1
(C) e c (D) None of these (A) A = ,B=1 (B) A = 1, B = –
x 2 2
(A) 2e x
[ x x 1] c 1 xn 1 xn 1
(A) n n + c (B) n n + c
n x 1 n x
(B) 2e x
[ x 2 x 1] c
r
(C) 2e
(D) 2e
x
x
[ x x 1] c
[x x 1] c
si 38.
(C) n
xn
n
+c
x 1
Antiderivative of
sin 2 x
(D) None of these
w.r.t. x is :
.B
1 sin 2 x
4e x 6e x 2x
34. If 9e x 4e x dx = Ax + B n (9e – 4) + C, then
(A) arctan ( 2 tan x) + c
G
3 35
(A) A = – , B = ,c=0
2 36
35 3 1 tan x
(B) A = ,B=– ,cR (B) x + arctan +c
36 2
@
22 2
35
x–
3 2
(C) A = – , B = ,cR
2 36
(C) x – 2 arctan ( 2 tan x) + c
(D) None of these
tan x
x 3 -1 (D) x – 2 arctan 2 + c
35. x3 + x dx is equal to
2 –1
(A) x – n x + n (x + 1) – tan x+c
1 2 –1
(B) x – n x + n (x + 1) – tan x + c
2
1 2 –1
(C) x + n x + n (x + 1) + tan x + c
2
(D) None of these
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n efinite
dx x2 1 –1 1
(B) + cos +c
39. If y = (1 x 2 )3 / 2 and y = 0 when x = 0, then x x
value of y when x = 1 is –1 x2 1
(C) sec x– +c
x
2
(A) (B) 2
3
–1 x2 1
(D) tan x2 1 – +c
x
1
(C) 3 2 (D)
2
44. tan( x ) tan( x ) tan 2x dx is equal to
x4 1 B
40. If x( x2 1)2 dx = A n |x| +
1 x2
+ c,
(A) n
sec 2x .sec(x )
C
sec(x )
r
(C) A = 1; B = 1 (D) A = –1; B = –1
41.
1
dx
cos x sin x is equal to-
x
si (C) n
1 x
(B) log cot 2 + C
(A) 1 x 2 .n (x 1 x 2 ) x c
G
2
2 x 2 x
(B) 2 .n (x 1 x ) c
1 x 3 1 x2
log tan 2 8 + C
@
(C)
2
2 x 2 x
(C) 2 .n (x 1 x ) c
1 x2
1 x 3
(D) log tan 2 8 + C
2
(D) 1 x2 n (x 1 x 2 ) x c
2sin x sin 2 x
42. If f(x) = x3
dx where x 0 then
46.
2 sin x.cos ec 4x dx is equal to
Limit
x0 f '(x) has the value
1 1 2 sin x 1 1 sin x
(A) 0 (B) 1 (A) n – n +C
2 2 1 2 sin x 4 1 sin x
(C) 2 (D) Not defined
1 1 1 2 sin x 1 1 sin x
x 1 (B) n + n +C
43. .
x 1 x2
dx is equal to 2 2 1 2 sin x 4 1 sin x
1 1 2 sin x 1 1 sin x
–1 1 x2 1 (C) n – n +C
(A) sin + 2 2 1 2 sin x 4 1 sin x
x x
(D) None of these
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n efinite
dx x
1
1
47. cosx 3 sin x
equals [AIEEE 2007]
51.
The integral 1 x e
x
x dx is equal to:
1 x [JEE-MAIN 2014]
(A) log tan C
2 2 12 1
(A) (x – 1) e x x c
1 x
(B) log tan C 1
2 2 12 (B) x e x x c
x 1
(C) log tan C (C) (x + 1) e x x c
2 12
x 1
(D) log tan C (D) –x e x x c
2 12
sin x dx
48. The value of 2 is [AIEEE 2008]
52.
dx
sin x
4
The integral x 2 (x 4 + 1) 3/4 equals :
[JEE-MAIN 2015]
(A) x – log | sin (x – ) | + c
r
4 1/4
1/ 4 x4 1
(A) – x 4 1 c (B) – 4
x
c
(B) x + log | sin (x – ) | + c
4
(C) x – log | cos (x – ) | + c
4
si x4 1
(C) 4
x
1/4
c
x4 1
(D) 4
x
1/4
c
.B
2x12 + 5x 9
(D) x + log | cos (x – )|+c 53. The integral (x 5 + x 3 + 1)3 dx is equal to :
4
x10
G
(B) 2(x 5 + x 3 + 1) 2 + C
then a is equal to :
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) –1 (D) –2 -x10
(C) 2(x 5 + x 3 + 1) 2 + C
50.
5 3
If f(x)dx = Ψ(x) , then x f(x )dx is equal to: -x 5
(D) 2(x 5 + x 3 + 1) 2 + C
[JEE-MAIN 2013]
1 1
1 3
x Ψ(x 3 ) - 3 x 3 Ψ(x 3 )dx + C (A) ,1 (B) , 0
(D)
3 5 5
1 1
(C) , 1 (D) , 0
5 5
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n efinite
2 sin x sin 2 x
55. If f(x) = dx , x 0 then lim f'(x)
n x 1 x 2 dx equals -
x3 x0
61. x.
is equal to- 1 x2
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 1/2 (A)
1 x 2 n x 1 x 2 x c
8 x 13 x x
56.
4 x 7
dx is equal to - (B) 2 . n x 1 x
2 2
1 x2
c
1
(A) (8x + 11) 4 x 7 + c x x
6 (C) 2 . n x 1 x
2 2
1 x2
c
1
(B) (8x + 13) 4 x 7 + c
6
1
(D)
1 x 2 n x 1 x 2 x c
(C) (8x + 9) 4 x 7 + c
6
1 dx 1
(D) (8x + 15) 4 x 7 + c 62. If = an(1 + x2) + btan–1x + n|x
6 2
(x 2)(x 1) 5
+ 2| + C then-
r
cos8 x sin 8 x
57. 2 2 dx equals - 1 2 1 2
1 2 sin x cos x (A) a = – , b= – (B) a = ,b=–
(A)
(C)
sin 2 x
cos 2 x
2
c
c (B)
(D)
sin 2 x
2
cos 2 x
c
c
si (C) a = –
x4 4
10
1
10
, b=
2
5
5
(D) a =
10
1
10
,b=
5
2
5
.B
2 2 63.
x 2
4 x2 x 4
dx equals-
x dx
58 is equal to -
3
4 +x2 +x4
1x 2
1 x 2
(A) +c (B) 4 x2 x4 c
G
x
1
(A)
2
ln 1 1 x2 c (C)
4 x2 x 4
c (D)
4 x2 x 4
c
2 x
@
2
(B) 2 1 1 x2 c
x9
64.
(C) 2 1 1 x 2 c (x2 4 )6 dx is equal to -
(D) None 5
1 1
(A) 4 2 + c (C) 1 (1 + 4x2)–5+c
x
3/ 2 5 x x 10x
59.
5
1 x
dx equals -
1 1
5
1
(B) 4 2 + c (D) (1 + 4x–2)–5 + c
5 x 40
2 x5 2 x
(A) c (B) c
5 1 x5 5 1 x5 dx –1 x
65. If 5 4 cos x = a tan b tan + c, then-
2 1 2
(C) c (D) none of these
5 1 x5 2 1 2 1
(A) a = , b= – (C) a = – , b=
3 3
∫sin x. cos x. cos 2 x. cos 4 x. cos 8 x. cos16 x
60. dx 3 3
2 1
equals - (B) a = , b=
3 3
sin 16 x cos 3 2 x
(A) c (B) c
1 02 4 1024
cos 3 2 x cos 3 2 x
(C) c (D) c
1096 1096
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