UNIVERSITI TUN HUSSEIN ONN MALAYSIA

FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND BUILT

ENVIRONMENT

BFC 34702 STRUCTURE DESIGN

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

SEMESTER 2; 2023/2024 SESSION

NAME : SITI KHADIJAH SHAMSUL DAHARI

MATRIC NUMBER : CF220027
SECTION :5
LECTURER’S NAME : DR. SITI RADZIAH BINTI ABDULLAH
a)

1
 b)
Action on slab
Permanent action, Gk =
Self Weight slab = 25 x 0.125 = 3.125 kN/m2
Finishes, ceiling and services = 1.5 kN/m2
Total permanent action on slab = 4.625 kN/m2
Variable actions = 2.0 kN/m2
Action on beam
Permanent action, Gk =
Load from slab =
w1Gk = 0.40 x 4.625 x 2.8 = 5.19 kN/m2
w1Qk = 0.40 x 2.0 x 2.8 = 2.24 kN/m2
w2Gk = 0.44 x 4.625 x 3.0 = 6.12 kN/m2
w2Qk = 0.44 x 2.0 x 3.0 = 2.64 kN/m2
Staircase = 0.44 x 3.0 x 3.0 = 3.96 kN/m2
Beam self weight = (0.15 x (0.45-0.125) x 25) = 1.22 kN/m2
Brickwall = 2.6 x 4.5 = 11.70 kN/m2
Total permanent, Gk and variable, Qk action on beam :-
Beam 3-4 = Gk = 18.11kN/m2 , Qk = 2.24 kN/m2
Beam 4-5 = Gk = 19.04 kN/m2 , Qk = 2.24 kN/m2
Beam 5-8 = Gk = 12.92 kN/m2 , Qk = 3.96 kN/m2

Loading

1.35Gk + 1.5 Qk 1.35Gk Load Case

Span
kN/m kN/m Case 1 Case 2 Case 3

3-4 27.80 24.45 27.80 27.80 24.45

2
 4-5 29.06 25.70 29.06 25.70 29.06

5-8 22.53 17.44 22.53 22.53 17.44

Moment of Inertia, I
I = bh3/12
= (150 x 4503)/12 = 1.14 x 10-3mm4
Stiffness factor, K

3-4 = K3-4 = K4-3 = 3I/L1 = 3(1.14 x 10-3)/2.8 = 1.22 x 10-3mm3

4-5 = K4-5 = K5-4 = 4I/L2 = 4(1.14 x 10-3)/3.0 = 1.52 x 10-3mm3

5-8 = K5-8 = K8-5 = 3I/L3 = 3(1.14 x 10-3)/3.0 = 1.14 x 10-3mm3

Distribution factor, DF

Joint 3&8 - K3-4/(K3-4+ 0) = 1.22 x 10-3/(1.22 x 10-3+ 0) = 1.00

Joint 4 - K4-3/(K4-3+K4-5 ) = 1.22 x 10-3/(1.22 x 10-3+ 1.52 x 10-3) = 0.52

4 - K4-5 /(K4-5 +K5-8) = 1.52 x 10-3/(1.52 x 10-3+1.14 x 10-3) = 0.57

Joint 5 - K5-8/(K5-8+ K8-5) = 1.14 x 10-3/(1.14 x 10-3+1.14 x 10-3) = 0.50

Load Case 1
Fixed End Moment (FEM)

K3-4 = K4-3 = wL2/12

= 27.80(2.8)2/12
= 18.16 kNm

K4-5 = K5-4 = wL2/12

= 29.06(3.0)2/12
= 21.80 kNm

K5-8 = K8-5 = wL2/12

= 22.53(3.0)2/12
= 16.90 kNm

3
Moment Distribution Method

PART 3-4 4-3 4-5 4-5 5-8 8-5

DF 1.00 0.52 0.57 0.50 0.50 1.00

FEM -18.16 18.16 -21.80 21.80 -16.90 16.90

Dist 18.16 -1.89 2.07 -2.45 2.45 -16.90

CO -0.95 9.08 -1.23 1.04 -8.45 1.23

Dist 0.95 -4.08 4.47 -3.71 3.71 -1.23

CO -2.04 0.48 -1.86 2.24 -0.62 1.86

Dist 2.04 -0.72 0.79 -0.81 0.81 -1.86

CO -0.36 1.02 -0.41 0.40 -0.93 0.41

Dist 0.36 -0.32 0.35 - 0.19 0.91 -0.41

CO -0.16 0.18 -0.1 0.18 -0.21 0.46

Dist 0.16 -0.04 0.05 -0.02 0.02 -0.46

End 0.00 20.93 -16.99 18.48 -19.21 0.00

Moment

4
Reaction at support (Shear)

SPAN 3-4

∑M3 = 0

2.8
-R4(2.8) + 27.80(2.8)( 2
) + 20.93 = 0

-R4(2.8) + 129.91 = 0
-R4 (2.8) = -129.91
R4 = -129.91/2.8 = 46.40 kN

∑Fy = 0

R3 + R4 - 27.80(2.8) = 0
R3 + 46.40 - 77.84 = 0
R3 - 31.44 = 0
R3 = 31.44 kN

SPAN 4-5

∑M4 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 29.06(3.0)( 2
) + 18.48 - (-16.99) = 0

-R4(3.0) + 166.24 = 0

5
-R4 (3.0) = -166.24
R4 = -166.24/3.0 = 55.41 kN

∑Fy = 0

R5 + R4 - 29.06(3.0) = 0
R5 + 55.41 - 87.18 = 0
R5 - 31.77 = 0
R5 = 31.77 kN

SPAN 5-8

∑M8 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 22.54(3.0)( 2
) - (-19.21) = 0

-R5(3.0) + 120.64 = 0
-R5 (3.0) = -120.64
R5 = 120.64/3.0 = 40.21 kN

∑Fy = 0

R8 + R5 - 22.54(3.0) = 0
R8 + 40.21 - 67.62 = 0
R8 - 27.41 = 0
R8 = 27.41 kN

Bending Moment Diagram (BMD) and Shear Force Diagram (SFD)

Load Case 2

6
Fixed End Moment (FEM)

K3-4 = K4-3 = wL2/12

= 27.80(2.8)2/12
= 18.16 kNm

K4-5 = K5-4 = wL2/12

= 25.70(3.0)2/12
= 19.28 kNm

K5-8 = K8-5 = wL2/12

= 22.53(3.0)2/12
= 16.90 kNm

7
Moment Distribution Method

PART 3-4 4-3 4-5 4-5 5-8 8-5

DF 1.00 0.52 0.57 0.50 0.50 1.00

FEM -18.16 18.16 -19.28 19.28 -16.90 16.90

Dist 18.16 -0.58 0.64 -1.19 1.19 -16.90

CO -0.29 9.08 -0.60 0.32 -8.45 0.60

Dist 0.29 -4.41 4.83 -4.07 4.07 -0.60

CO -2.21 0.15 -2.04 2.41 -0.30 2.04

Dist 2.04 -0.98 1.08 -1.02 1.02 2.04

CO -0.49 1.02 -0.51 0.54 -1.02 0.51

Dist 0.49 -0.02 0.02 - 0.24 0.24 -0.51

CO -0.01 0.25 -0.12 0.10 -0.26 0.12

Dist 0.01 -0.07 0.07 -0.08 0.08 -0.12

End 0.00 22.6 -15.91 16.05 -20.33 0.00

Moment

8
Reaction at support (Shear)

SPAN 3-4
SPAN 3-4

∑M3 = 0

2.8
-R4(2.8) + 27.80(2.8)( 2
) + 22.6 = 0

-R4(2.8) + 131.58 = 0
-R4 (2.8) = -131.58
R4 = 131.58/2.8 = 46.99 kN

∑Fy = 0

R3 + R4 - 27.80(2.8) = 0
R3 + 46.99 - 77.84 = 0
R3 - 30.85 = 0
R3 = 30.85 kN

SPAN 4-5

∑M4 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 25.70(3.0)( 2
) + 16.05 - (-15.91) = 0

9
-R4(3.0) + 162.73 = 0
-R4 (3.0) = -162.73
R4 = 162.73/3.0 = 54.24 kN

∑Fy = 0

R5 + R4 - 25.70(3.0) = 0
R5 + 54.24 - 87.18 = 0
R5 - 32.94 = 0
R5 = 32.94 kN

SPAN 5-8

∑M8 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 22.54(3.0)( 2
) - (-20.33) = 0

-R5(3.0) + 121.76 = 0
-R5 (3.0) = -121.76
R5 = 121.76/3.0 = 40.59 kN

∑Fy = 0

R8 + R5 - 22.54(3.0) = 0
R8 + 40.59 - 67.62 = 0
R8 - 27.03 = 0
R8 = 27.03 kN

Bending Moment Diagram (BMD) and Shear Force Diagram (SFD)

Load Case 3

10
Fixed End Moment (FEM)

K3-4 = K4-3 = wL2/12

= 24.45(2.8)2/12
= 15.97 kNm

K4-5 = K5-4 = wL2/12

= 29.06(3.0)2/12
= 21.80 kNm

K5-8 = K8-5 = wL2/12

= 17.44(3.0)2/12
= 13.08 kNm

11
Moment Distribution Method

PART 3-4 4-3 4-5 4-5 5-8 8-5

DF 1.00 0.52 0.57 0.50 0.50 1.00

FEM -15.97 15.97 -21.80 21.80 -13.08 13.08

Dist 15.97 -3.03 3.32 -4.36 4.36 -13.08

CO -1.52 7.99 -2.18 1.66 -6.54 2.18

Dist 1.52 -3.02 3.32 -2.44 2.44 -2.18

CO -1.51 0.76 -1.22 1.66 -1.09 1.22

Dist 1.51 -0.24 0.26 -0.29 0.29 -1.22

CO -0.12 0.76 -0.15 0.13 -0.61 0.15

Dist 0.12 -0.31 0.35 - 0.24 0.24 -0.15

CO -0.12 0.06 -0.12 0.18 -0.08 0.12

Dist 0.12 -0.03 0.03 -0.05 0.05 -0.12

End 0.00 18.91 -18.19 18.05 -14.02 0.00

Moment

12
Reaction at support (Shear)

SPAN 3-4

∑M3 = 0

2.8
-R4(2.8) + 24.45(2.8)( 2
) + 18.91 = 0

-R4(2.8) + 114.75 = 0
-R4 (2.8) = -114.75
R4 = -114.75/2.8 = 40.98 kN

∑Fy = 0

R3 + R4 - 24.45(2.8) = 0
R3 + 40.98 - 68.46 = 0
R3 - 27.48 = 0
R3 = 27.48 kN

SPAN 4-5

∑M4 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 29.06(3.0)( 2
) + 18.48 - (-18.19) = 0

-R4(3.0) + 167.44 = 0

13
-R4 (3.0) = -167.44
R4 = -167.44/3.0 = 55.81 kN

∑Fy = 0

R5 + R4 - 29.06(3.0) = 0
R5 + 167.44 - 87.18 = 0
R5 - 31.37 = 0
R5 = 31.37 kN

SPAN 5-8

∑M8 = 0

3.0
-R5(3.0) + 17.44(3.0)( 2
) - (-14.02) = 0

-R5(3.0) + 107.5= 0
-R5 (3.0) = -107.5
R5 = 107.5/3.0 = 35.83 kN

∑Fy = 0

R8 + R5 - 17.44(3.0) = 0
R8 + 35.83 - 62.32 = 0
R8 - 26.49 = 0
R8 = 26.49 kN

Bending Moment Diagram (BMD) and Shear Force Diagram (SFD)

14
15
Simplified Method
F= 1.35Gk + 1.5Qk
F1 = 27.80 kN/m
F2 = 29.06 kN/m
F3 = 22.53 kN/m
Shear force and bending moment diagram:-

c) Percentage differences between the shear force and bending moment values obtained
Pick the highest or the critical Shear force and Bending moment:-
𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑉𝑠𝑚
Shear Force = 𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚

𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑀𝑠𝑚
Bending Moment = 𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚

16
Case 1:-
𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑀𝑠𝑚 20.93 − 8.56
Bending Moment = 𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 20.93
= 0.59 = 59.10%

𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑉𝑠𝑚 55.41 − 17.44

Shear Force = 𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 55.41
= 0.69 = 68.53%

Case 2:-
𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑀𝑠𝑚 22.6 − 8.56
Bending Moment = 𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 22.6
= 0.62 = 62.12%

𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑉𝑠𝑚 54.24 − 17.44

Shear Force = 𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 55.41
= 0.68 = 67.85%

Case 3:-
𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑀𝑠𝑚 18.91 − 8.56
Bending Moment = 𝑀𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 18.91
= 0.55 = 54.73%

𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚 − 𝑉𝑠𝑚 55.85 − 17.44

Shear Force = 𝑉𝑚𝑑𝑚
= 55.85
= 0.69 = 68.77%

17