PAUTA TALLER 7

FORMA 1.
PROBLEMA 1. Utilizando regla de la cadena, determine las derivadas que se indican:
Soluciones
2𝑥+5
1) 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 +4)3

(2𝑥 + 5)′ ∙ (𝑥 2 + 4)3 − [(𝑥 2 + 4)3 ]′ ∙ (2𝑥 + 5)

𝑦′ = =
[(𝑥 2 + 4)3 ]2
2(𝑥 2 + 4)3 − [3(𝑥 2 + 4)2 ∙ 2𝑥] ∙ (2𝑥 + 5) 2(𝑥 2 + 4)3 − 6𝑥(𝑥 2 + 4)2 (2𝑥 + 5)
𝑦′ = = =
(𝑥 2 + 4)6 (𝑥 2 + 4)6

′
2(𝑥 2 + 4)2 [(𝑥 2 + 4) − 3𝑥(2𝑥 + 5)] 2(−5𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 4)
𝑦 = =
(𝑥 2 + 4)6 (𝑥 2 + 4)4

5
2) 𝑦 = √(𝑥 3 + 2)2
𝑦 = (𝑥 3 + 2)2/5
2 6𝑥 2
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 3 + 2)−3/5 ∙ 3𝑥 2 = 5
5 5 √(𝑥 3 + 2)3

2
3) 𝑦 = 𝑒 −4𝑥
2 2
𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 −4𝑥 ∙ (−8𝑥) = −8𝑥𝑒 −4𝑥

2
4) 𝑦 = 𝑒 −4𝑥
2
𝑦 ′ = −8𝑥𝑒 −4𝑥
2 2 2 2
𝑦 ′′ = −8[(𝑥)′ ∙ 𝑒 −4𝑥 + (𝑒 −4𝑥 )′ ∙ 𝑥] = −8 [1 ∙ 𝑒 −4𝑥 + (𝑒 −4𝑥 ∙ (−8𝑥)) ∙ 𝑥] =
2 2 2
𝑦 ′′ = −8𝑒 −4𝑥 + 64𝑥 2 𝑒 −4𝑥 = 𝑒 −4𝑥 (−8 + 64𝑥 2 )

5) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
′
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 2 )′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + (∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)) ∙ 𝑥 2 =
1 2𝑥 2
𝑦 ′ = 2𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑥 2 = 2𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1
6) 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
2𝑥 2
𝑦 ′ = 2𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1
′
′′
2𝑥 2 2𝑥 4𝑥(2𝑥 + 1) − 2 ∙ 2𝑥 2
𝑦 = (2𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1))´ + ( ) = 2 [1 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + ]+[ ]=
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2

′′
4𝑥 4𝑥 4𝑥 2
𝑦 = 2𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + + −
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2

PROBLEMA 2.
Si 𝑐 = 0,2𝑞 2 + 3𝑞 + 935 es una función de costo, ¿qué tan rápido cambia el costo marginal, cuando
𝑞 = 100?
Solución
𝑐 ′ = 0,4𝑞 + 3
𝑐 ′ (100) = 0,4 ∙ 100 + 3 = 43

FORMA 2.
PROBLEMA 1. Utilizando regla de la cadena, determine las derivadas que se indican:
Soluciones
1
1) 𝑦 = (𝑥 2 +4)5

𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 4)−5
−10𝑥
𝑦 ′ = −5(𝑥 2 + 4)−6 ∙ 2𝑥 = −10𝑥(𝑥 2 + 4)−6 =
(𝑥 2 + 4)6

3
2) 𝑦 = 2 √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)2
𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)2/3
4 4(2𝑥 + 2)
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)−1/3 ∙ (2𝑥 + 2) = 3
3 3√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1

2
3) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑒 𝑥
2 2 ′ 2 2 2
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 + 1)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑥 ) ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 1 ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)

2
4) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑒 𝑥
2
𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)
2 ′ 2 2 2
𝑦 ′′ = (𝑒 𝑥 ) ∙ (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 ∙ (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (4𝑥 + 2) ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 =
 2 2
𝑦 ′′ = 𝑒 𝑥 ∙ [2𝑥(1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (4𝑥 + 2)] = 𝑒 𝑥 (4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 2)

5) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
1 2𝑥
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥)′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)]′ ∙ 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑥 = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1

6) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
2𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1
2𝑥 1 2(2𝑥 + 1) − 2 ∙ 2𝑥 2 1
𝑦 ′′ = [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)]′ + [ ]´ = ∙2+[ ] = +
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2

PROBLEMA 2.
Determina la razón de cambio de las unidades producidas (𝑞) con respecto al número de empleados
(𝑚), si el fabricante determina que 𝑚 empleados producirán un total de 𝑞 unidades de un producto
𝑚2 +2
por día, donde: 𝑞 = √2𝑚3
+4

Solución
1
(𝑚2 + 2)′ ∙ √2𝑚3 + 4 − (√2𝑚3 + 4)′ ∙ (𝑚2 + 2) 2𝑚√2𝑚3 + 4 − ∙ 6𝑚2 ∙ (𝑚2 + 2)
2√2𝑚3 + 4
𝑞′ = 2 = =
(√2𝑚3 + 4) 2𝑚3 + 4

6𝑚4 + 12𝑚2
2𝑚√2𝑚3 + 4 −
2√2𝑚3 + 4
𝑞′ = 3
2𝑚 + 4

FORMA 3.
PROBLEMA 1. Utilizando regla de la cadena, determine las derivadas que se indican:
Soluciones
2𝑥 2 +5
1) 𝑦 = (𝑥+5)4

(2𝑥 2 + 5)′ ∙ (𝑥 + 5)4 − [(𝑥 + 5)4 ]′ ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 5) 4𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 5)4 − [4(𝑥 + 5)3 ∙ 1] ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 5)
′
𝑦 = = =
[(𝑥 + 5)4 ]2 (𝑥 + 5)8
4𝑥(𝑥 + 5)4 − 4(𝑥 + 5)3 (2𝑥 2 + 5) 4(𝑥 + 5)3 [𝑥(𝑥 + 5) − (2𝑥 2 + 5)]
= = =
(𝑥 + 5)8 (𝑥 + 5)8
4(𝑥 + 5)3 [𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 − 5] 4[−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 5]
= =
(𝑥 + 5)8 (𝑥 + 5)5

3
2) 𝑦 = 2 √(2𝑥 4 + 1)2
 𝑦 = 2(2𝑥 4 + 1)2/3
4 32𝑥
𝑦 ′ = (2𝑥 4 + 1)−1/3 ∙ 8𝑥 = 3
3 3 √2𝑥 4 + 1

2 +1
3) 𝑦 = −4𝑒 𝑥
2 +1 2 +1
𝑦 ′ = −4𝑒 𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 = −8𝑥𝑒 𝑥

2 +1
4) 𝑦 = −4𝑒 𝑥
2 +1
𝑦 ′ = −8𝑥𝑒 𝑥
2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1
𝑦 ′′ = −8[(𝑥)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑥 )′ ∙ 𝑥] = −8[1 ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 ∙ 𝑥] = −8[𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 ]=
2 +1
𝑦 ′′ = −8𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 )

5) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)
′ 1
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 + 1)′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)) ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 1 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) + ∙ 4𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 1) =
2𝑥 2 +1
′ 2
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 2 + 1

6) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) +
2𝑥 2 + 1
′
′′
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 = [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 ′
+ 1)] + [ 2 ] =
2𝑥 + 1

′′
1 (4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)′ ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 1) − (2𝑥 2 + 1)′ ∙ (4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 = 2 ∙ 4𝑥 + =
2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 2 + 1)2
4𝑥 (8𝑥 + 4)(2𝑥 2 + 1) − 4𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 ′′ = + =
2𝑥 2 + 1 (2𝑥 2 + 1)2
4𝑥(2𝑥 2 + 1) + (8𝑥 + 4)(2𝑥 2 + 1) − 4𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 ′′ =
(2𝑥 2 + 1)2

PROBLEMA 2.
100
Determine la función de ingreso marginal, si la función de demanda es: 𝑝 = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑞+1)

Solución
 1
(100)′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1) − (𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1))′ ∙ 100 0 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1) − 2𝑞 + 1 ∙ 2 ∙ 100
𝑝′ = 2 = 2 =
(𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1)) (𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1))
1 200
− 2𝑞 + 1 ∙ 2 ∙ 100 − 2𝑞 + 1 200
= 2 = 2 =−
(𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1)) (𝐿𝑛(2𝑞 + 1)) (2𝑞 + 1)𝐿𝑛2 (2𝑞 + 1)

FORMA 4.
PROBLEMA 1. Utilizando regla de la cadena, determine las derivadas que se indican:
Soluciones
1
1) 𝑦 = (
𝑥 2 +4)5

𝑦 = (𝑥 2 + 4)−5
−10𝑥
𝑦 ′ = −5(𝑥 2 + 4)−6 ∙ 2𝑥 = −10𝑥(𝑥 2 + 4)−6 =
(𝑥 2 + 4)6

3
2) 𝑦 = 2 √(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)2
𝑦 = 2(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)2/3
4 4(2𝑥 + 2)
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1)−1/3 ∙ (2𝑥 + 2) = 3
3 3√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1

2
3) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑒 𝑥
2 2 ′ 2 2 2
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 + 1)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑥 ) ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 1 ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)

2
4) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑒 𝑥
2
𝑦 ′ = 𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)
2 ′ 2 2 2
𝑦 ′′ = (𝑒 𝑥 ) ∙ (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑒 𝑥 ∙ (1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (4𝑥 + 2) ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 =
2 2
𝑦 ′′ = 𝑒 𝑥 ∙ [2𝑥(1 + 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) + (4𝑥 + 2)] = 𝑒 𝑥 (4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 2)

5) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
1 2𝑥
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥)′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)]′ ∙ 𝑥 = 1 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) + ∙ 2 ∙ 𝑥 = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1

6) 𝑦 = 𝑥𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)
2𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 + 1
 2𝑥 1 2(2𝑥 + 1) − 2 ∙ 2𝑥 2 1
𝑦 ′′ = [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)]′ + [ ]´ = ∙2+[ ] = +
2𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2 2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 + 1)2

PROBLEMA 2.
Determina la razón de cambio de las unidades producidas (𝑞) con respecto al tiempo (𝑡), si el fabricante determina que
en 𝑡 días producirán un total de 𝑞 unidades, donde: 𝑞 = 300(𝑡 − 𝑒 −0,2(𝑡+1) )

Solución
𝑞 = 300(𝑡 − 𝑒 −0,2𝑡−0,2 )
𝑞 ′ = 300(1 − 𝑒 −0,2𝑡−0,2 ∙ (−0,2)) = 300(1 + 0,2𝑒 −0,2𝑡−0,2 )

FORMA 5.
PROBLEMA 1. Utilizando regla de la cadena, determine las derivadas que se indican:
Solucione
2𝑥 2 +5
1) 𝑦 = (𝑥+5)4

(2𝑥 2 + 5)′ ∙ (𝑥 + 5)4 − [(𝑥 + 5)4 ]′ ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 5) 4𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 5)4 − [4(𝑥 + 5)3 ∙ 1] ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 5)
𝑦′ = = =
[(𝑥 + 5)4 ]2 (𝑥 + 5)8
4𝑥(𝑥 + 5)4 − 4(𝑥 + 5)3 (2𝑥 2 + 5) 4(𝑥 + 5)3 [𝑥(𝑥 + 5) − (2𝑥 2 + 5)]
= = =
(𝑥 + 5)8 (𝑥 + 5)8
4(𝑥 + 5)3 [𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 − 5] 4[−𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 5]
= =
(𝑥 + 5)8 (𝑥 + 5)5

3
2) 𝑦 = 2 √(2𝑥 4 + 1)2
𝑦 = 2(2𝑥 4 + 1)2/3
4 32𝑥
𝑦 ′ = (2𝑥 4 + 1)−1/3 ∙ 8𝑥 = 3
3 3 √2𝑥 4 + 1

2 +1
3) 𝑦 = −4𝑒 𝑥
2 +1 2 +1
𝑦 ′ = −4𝑒 𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 = −8𝑥𝑒 𝑥

2 +1
4) 𝑦 = −4𝑒 𝑥
2 +1
𝑦 ′ = −8𝑥𝑒 𝑥
2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1 2 +1
𝑦 ′′ = −8[(𝑥)′ ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + (𝑒 𝑥 )′ ∙ 𝑥] = −8[1 ∙ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑒𝑥 ∙ 2𝑥 ∙ 𝑥] = −8[𝑒 𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑥 ]=
2 +1
𝑦 ′′ = −8𝑒 𝑥 (1 + 2𝑥 2 )

5) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)
 ′ 1
𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 + 1)′ ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)) ∙ (𝑥 + 1) = 1 ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) + ∙ 4𝑥 ∙ (𝑥 + 1) =
2𝑥 2+1
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1) +
2𝑥 2 + 1

6) 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1) ∙ 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 2 + 1)

′ 2
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 = 𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1) +
2𝑥 2 + 1
′
′′ 2 ′
4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 = [𝐿𝑛(2𝑥 + 1)] + [ 2 ] =
2𝑥 + 1

′′
1 (4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)′ ∙ (2𝑥 2 + 1) − (2𝑥 2 + 1)′ ∙ (4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 = 2 ∙ 4𝑥 + =
2𝑥 + 1 (2𝑥 2 + 1)2
4𝑥 (8𝑥 + 4)(2𝑥 2 + 1) − 4𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 ′′ = + =
2𝑥 2 + 1 (2𝑥 2 + 1)2

′′
4𝑥(2𝑥 2 + 1) + (8𝑥 + 4)(2𝑥 2 + 1) − 4𝑥(4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥)
𝑦 =
(2𝑥 2 + 1)2

PROBLEMA 2.
Determina la razón de cambio de las unidades producidas (𝑞) con respecto al número de empleados
(𝑚), si el fabricante determina que 𝑚 empleados producirán un total de 𝑞 unidades de un producto
por día, donde:
Solución
𝑚2 + 2
𝑞=
2√𝑚3 + 4
(𝑚2 + 2)′ ∙ 2√𝑚3 + 4 − (2√𝑚3 + 4)′ ∙ (𝑚2 + 2)
𝑞′ = 2 =
(2√𝑚3 + 4)
2 2
2𝑚 ∙ 2√𝑚3 + 4 −
2
∙ 3𝑚 2 (𝑚 2
∙ + 2) 4𝑚√𝑚 3 + 4 − 3𝑚 (𝑚 + 2)
2√𝑚3 + 4 √𝑚3 + 4
= =
4(𝑚3 + 4) 4(𝑚3 + 4)