Diffusion

Diffusion the of from highly

is net movement molecules ions region where
they are more
-

or a

concentrated to one where their concentration is lower until distributed

evenly .

I T
A BB00
-

Diffusion
' I. Simple ( lipid diffusion )
000
'

I /
"" ← to x

|
I L

Simple diffusion when diffuse cell

f- is
particles across
.

- -
- - - - . .
can

>
I membranes without the help of transport proteins .

4) ,
Fick 's law Rate of diffusion =
Cone .
diff X Surface area

diffusion distance
Dynamic Equilibrium

dynamic
'
.

in
' high concentration equilibrium
gradient faster
' - -
- - - - - - -
n
,
'
.
I
\

Inside outside Inside outside

low concentration dynamic

equilibrium
-

gradient - - - - - .
- - -
-
n
,
-
-
-

slower
>

Inside outside Inside outside

§
'

2 Facilitated Diffusion
.

I
, T

Facilitated diffusion is diffusion proteins and channels

using protein
•

carrier .

•
The
transport tend to be specific for molecule
proteins one
,
so substances can
only cross a

membrane that contains an

appropriate protein .

This diffusion inbuilt kinetic of

is the the
diffusing molecules
•

passive process only

a it relies on
energy
-

There is no external input of ATP from respiration .

end
channel hydrophilic
t.IM?isnsdeinngse.smi%ae
proteins

channels
-

They form

and
water

allow
-
filled

specific
hydrophilic
water-soluble ions
If \ If If
[ \ If If \ \ If If \ If If
through
/
to
pass
/
.

The bind with the protein it

ions
causing
-

NOI channel
to conformational hydrophobic -

gated Gated channel

carry change .

end

[ BI9
Carrier proteins
→
4"

{ /
When such specific
-

a molecule as glucose
to the protein
Conformational
is present ,
it binds

that
with

the
protein .

If If If If If If If If If \ \ If \ If
change occurs
-

released
1
molecule is inside of the membrane
↳
.

kinetic of
Only molecules drive
changed site
-

the
energy process .

binding
•