What happens in a

Chemical Reaction?
Chemicals react to
change
The "chemicals" in a chemical
reaction are elements or
compounds. They "react" when
combined or broken down.
Atoms in a Chemical Reaction
they rearrange
Some atomic bonds are broken,
and some new ones are made.

they are neither created

nor destroyed
This is the law of conservation of mass.
In a chemical reaction, the total mass of
the substances before and after the
reaction remains the same.
 The quantity of elements and their atoms remain
the same before and after a chemical reaction.

no. of molecules no. of atoms

2H 2 + O2 2H 2 O
2 hydrogen 1 oxygen
molecules has molecule has
4 atoms 2 atoms two molecules
of water have
4 hydrogen atoms

and 2 oxygen atoms

 CHEMICAL FORMULA VS.
CHEMICAL EQUATION

a chemical equation tells the story of a chemical reaction

2H 2 + O 2 2H 2 O
chemical formula

an element is a pure a compound is a combination

substance and cannot be of pure substances
broken down into a new one
A Chemical Reaction Story
Four atoms of hydrogen react with two
atoms of oxygen. They are the reactants.
They yielded two atoms of water. Water is
the product or end result.
 Types of Chemical Reaction

decomposition synthesis

AB → A+ B
one compound breaks down
A+B → AB
two or more substances join
into two products and form one single substance

single-replacement double-replacement

AB + C → AC + B
atoms of an element swap with atoms
AB + CD → AD + CB
positive ions exchange
of a second element in a compound between two compounds
Types of Chemical Reaction

Combustion

CH + O2 → CO2 + H2O
which a substance reacts with oxygen gas,
releasing energy in the form of light and heat.
 TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
A combination reaction, also known as a synthesis
reaction, is a reaction in which two or more substances
combine to form a single new substance. Combination
reactions can also be called synthesis reactions .

A decomposition reaction is a reaction in which a

compound breaks down into two or more simpler
substances. Most decomposition reactions require an
input of energy in the form of heat, light, or electricity.
 TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
A single-replacement reaction is a reaction in which one
element replaces a similar element in a compound.

A double-replacement reaction is a reaction in which the

positive and negative ions of two ionic compounds
exchange places to form two new compounds.

A combustion reaction is a reaction in which a

substance reacts with oxygen gas, releasing energy
in the form of light and heat. Combustion reactions
must involve O2 as one reactant.