Ionic Bonding 1

Ions (the transfer of electrons from metal atoms to non-metal atoms)

Metal atoms ________ electrons to form ______ ( _______ ion) in order to attain/achieve
________ _________ ______________ _______________ (Lithium: stable duplet electronic arrangement)
Non-metal atoms __________ electrons to form ______ ( ________ ion) in order to attain/achieve
________ _________ ______________ _______________
The oppositely charged ions are held together by ______________________
Chemical formula: It shows the proportions of different atoms in a compound. (NaBr; MgCl2, AlF3)
Draw the electron diagrams, showing outermost shell electrons only , for the atoms and ionic products
(a) sodium + chlorine → sodium chloride Chemical formula of the product:

(b) magnesium + fluorine → magnesium fluoride Chemical formula of the product:

(c) potassium + oxygen → potassium oxide Chemical formula of the product:

*(d) calcium + nitrogen → calcium nitride Chemical formula of the product:

Properties of ionic compounds

1. All ionic compounds are hard. The oppositely charged ions are attracted together by
_______________________.
2. The melting points and boiling points of ionic compounds are ________ because a lot of heat
energy is required to overcome _______________________between ions.
3. It does not conduct electricity in ______ state because ions are not ___________. It can conduct
electricity in _________________ because of the presence of _________ ions.
no light

add water

+ - ionic compound + + - + -
dissolves in water
ions
to form aqueous solution -

ionic solid aqueous solution

 Ionic Bonding 2
Exercise
1. Draw the electron diagrams, showing outermost shell electrons only , for the atoms and ionic products
(a) magnesium + sulphur → magnesium sulphide Chemical formula of the product:

(b) aluminium + fluorine → aluminium fluoride Chemical formula of the product:

(c) lithium + phosphorus → lithium phosphide Chemical formula of the product:

(d) aluminium + oxygen → aluminium oxide Chemical formula of the product:

(e) calcium + bromine → Chemical formula of the product:

*(f) rubidium (Rb) and selenium (Se) → rubidium selenide Chemical formula of the product:

2. Give the chemical formula of the compounds formed in each of the following pair of atoms:
(a) Na + O (b) Li + F (c) Al + Cl (d) Ca + I (e) Mg + S (f) K + P

Answer