OBLIGATION AND

NECESSITY IN THE PAST

ENGLISH 3 – MEETING 14

Created by Bunga Astra Gracia, S.Sos., M.M.

MEET DESCRIPTION
1 PERMISSION, REQUEST, OFFER
2 ADVICE, SUGGESTION
3 TALKING ABOUT ABILITY
4 TALKING ABOUT POSSIBILITY IN THE
PRESENT
5 TALKING ABOUT POSSIBILITY IN THE PAST

6 COMPARATIVE DEGREE (I)

7 COMPARATIVE DEGREE (II)
8 DESCRIBING PEOPLE
9 SIMILIARITY AND DIFFERENCES
10 GERUND AND TO INFINITIVE
11 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
12 PASSIVE VOICE
English for
13 OBLIGATION AND NECESSITY IN THE
PRESENT
Management
14 OBLIGATION AND NECESSITY
IN THE PAST
 Tujuan Pembelajaran
Setelah mempelajari materi pertemuan 14, mahasiswa mampu:
1. Memahami ungkapan obligation and necessity in the past
2. Membuat kalimat dengan ungkapan obligation and necessity in the past
3. Membuat dialog sederhana menggunakan ungkapan ungkapan obligation
and necessity in the past
 Obligation & Necessity
in the Past
Must digunakan untuk mengungkapkan obligation, duty atau necessity dimasa depan dan tidak
digunakan dimasa lalu.
Untuk mengkapkan obligation dimasa lalu must digantikan dengan have to or had to (
harus/wajib...tidak ada pilihan ).

Modal lain yang dapat kita gunakan untuk mengkapkan obligations dimasa lalu :
o should have (seharusnya)
o was/were supposed to (diharapkan/diminta)
o needed to (harus...masih boleh memilih)
o didn’t have to (tidak perlu/tidak harus)
o couldn’t (tidak perlu)
o wasn’t/weren’t allowed (tidak diijinkan)
 Obligation & Necessity
in the Past
HAVE TO dan NEED TO seringkali digunakan dalam konteks yang sama, dan NEED TO digunakan
untuk mengungkapkan sesuatu yang tidak mendesak, kita dapat memilih melakukannya atau tidak.
Example :
• I was supposed to wash my car.
• I had to wash my car.
• I should have washed my car.
• I needed to wash my car.
• I didn’t have to wash my car.
• I couldn’t wash my car
 PAST POSITIVE NEGATIVE
Had to/ didn’t have to Obligation in the past No obligation in the past
 We had to be go to  I didn’t have to go to the
bed at 9 o’clock when seminar, but I went
we were kids. because of the speakers
was very good .

Must Replaced with ‘had to’

Should have + pp/ An action in the past that An action in the past that
shouldn’t have + pp didn’t happen (the advice/ didn’t happen (the advice/
regret is too late) regret is too late)
 Tina should have gone  Rudy shouldn’t have
to the office earlier, written the article. It made
now she have missed him lose his job.
the bus.
 QUESTION
Write a short paragraph about the job description of your previous job using
‘had to’

- When I was administration staff, I had to ................

- As a staff, I didn’t have to.........