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VIJAYANAGARDYNASTY
HAZARA RAMA TEMPLE

ornamental temple, but small.

e royal family.
high wall around courtyards.
ed through the east with a finely proportioned flat roof porch.
orch leads to assembly hall with 4 massive black stone pillars
-

as the main feature.

clumns areatthefour corners of the square hall. The design is unsual as their shafts are
of contrasting geometrical shapes, a cube alternating with a fluted cylinder, all carved and
capital is a substantial 4- branched foliated volute, each volute term mating in a knop.

PLAN

LL
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 (1350-1565AD)
needs of the time in terms of ceremonies,
many separate shrines and pillared halls
each with its own special purpose were
placed around the main shrine.
Various kinds of intricately carved
dominated for 2
Vijayanagar Empire
centuries.
The Hindu Empire cameinto being in
response to a vital need, that of preventin9
the Mohammedan from conquering and
River.
crossing the dividing line of Krishna
The city of Vijayanagar was hence made
stable and strong on the banks of
Tungabadra River.
Unlike the Chola architecture, in this style
composition
buildings were not large unified
of structures of
but were devised as groups
distinguished by
moderate proportions,
architectural.
columembellishments.
Due to the religious
florid magnificencens and
Extreme limít of
pilasters.

cORNICE
 VIJAYANAGAR DYNASTY
VITTHALA TEMPLE
Most ornate temple on site.
Within a rectangular courtyard of 500'0" x
310'0", Surrounded by cloisters formed of
triple roW of pillars.
Entrance from 3 gopurams, east and south
more important.
At least 6 separate structures mostly pillared
halls, within this enclosure.
Main temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu, in the
centre. (Long low structure, 230'0" in length
and 25'0" in height). The superstructure
made of brick and plaster is in decal and
fallen.
The maintemple has 3 parts ardha
mandapa (open pillared portico)
-

mandapa (closed hall)

- graba griha is near.
The main 'Maha Mantapa' is raised on a 5'0
high plinth approached by elephant guarded
flight of steps on 3 sides. 56 pillars in
number, placed such that forty of form a
colonnade 16 arranged in an oblong manner
in the inside. The pillars are 120" in height.
The columns are carved exquisitely as
mentioned earlier and spread on top to join
each other to form a united capital and
exquisite statutory with a moulded base of

carving. The flat curling is carved

intricate
with lotus flowers.
VITTHALA TEMPLE
sanctuary, is 135'0" long and. There is a
voluptuous do670" wide. The outside wallss
have the conventional arrangements of
pilaster, niche and lcove combination. The
mmandapa and also has 2 side
entranceplinthuble flexured s. The cella isS
within the vimana andapa is reached from
the archa and is at the far end of the
assembly hall. The cella itself has a

processional passage brick and cement

is approconsists
which has around it which theThe
of the ardha mandapa and
remainder of the central temple, which
aached by 2 flights of descending steps.
The 'Kalyana Mantapa' is an open pavilion
with a high cornice wlth a turned up outer
edge. There are 48 piers, 12 are placed
around the square throne in the centre of the
as a double arcade
pavilion, the remaining
on the sides.
axis of the
Aligned with the mainorsteps -a
temple is the 'Ratha, chariot
reproduction of chariot
is masonry. Stone
wheels with upper shikara
of disintegrated).

02007 Pratheap P Srahs reserted

COMPOSITE
COLUMN
 VIJAYANAGAR DYNASTY
(1350-1565AD)
Mandapas with groups of columns were the main
architectural scheme.
Most striking type of pillar is the
pillar in which the
shaft is merely a central core with statutory arqund it,
chiselled in the round mostly of furious horse, rampant
hippo or an upraised supernatural animal.
Another type showS encircling the central column, a
Chester of miniature pillarsS.
One more type has small scale shrines, one above
the other arQund central shaft.
Later Dravidian style has a common type of pillar-with
a cubical motif alternating with wide bands and
chamtered, so the shaft becomes 8 or 16 sided.
Ornamental brackets.
pendant (elaborated into a
Below the bracket is the inverted
volute terminating in an lotus.bud.

The site of Vijayanagar itself ha rocks outcrops which

could be chiselled or modeled.
Presence of Granite and dark green chlorite stone
Structures in both these rocks
more easy to chisel).
found side by side.
Principle Temples
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HAZARA RAMA and VITTALA. HIPPOGRYPHS AT HAMPI
MIJAYANAGAR DYNASTY
HAZARA RAMA TEMPLE

Far end is the door way to the sanctuary. The

viman isS remarkable with lower storey of stone
and pyramidal brick shikara above.
The shikara has 3 tries with a cupola. Totally 50'0"
high.
To the side and rear of viman, is the Amman
temple dedicated to Mother goddess- here the
shikara has a keel roof. instead of cupola.
Very intricate stone carving in lower storey and
paint in different colours for the brick shikara.
The house motif was most popular like the lion of
the Pallavas.

acnale
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