FINDER
FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
02
nd
AUGUST
2023
FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
Manipur status report on FIRs shows
there is no law and order:SC
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of National & International importance.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 1
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation
Violence in Manipur
Ethnic composition of Manipur
• Valley comprises about 10% of Manipur’s landmass
is dominated by the non-tribal Meitei ( 64% of the
population and yields 40 out of 60 of State’s MLAs)
• Hills comprising 90% of the geographical area are
inhabited by more than 35% recognised tribes but send
only 20 MLAs to the assembly
• Majority of the Meiteis are Hindus. 33 recognised tribes,
broadly classified into ‘Any Naga Tribes’ and ‘Any Kuki
tribes’ are largely Christians.
Triggers of the violence
• Kukis share ethnic lineage with Myanmar’s Chin tribe and
Meiteis fear they would be outnumbered by the arrival
of the foreign refugees due to the crisis in Myanmar.
• State government in February launched a drive to evict
tribal communities from forests in the hills alleging
encroachment on government land - sparked anger
among tribal people. Kuki groups have claimed that the
survey and eviction is a violation of Article 371C which
protects their tribal culture.
• The immediate reason for this violence, however, is a
enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088
02-08-2023
Manipur High Court order directing the state government
to recommend Union Tribal Affairs Ministry to give ST tag
for the Meitei community. The violence escalated after
the All Tribal Student Union Manipur (ATSUM) organized
a tribal solidarity rally against this move.
Way Forward
• The monitoring should be increased in the border regions
to stop the influx of migrants from Myanmar. Regional
stability and security can be improved by fortifying
diplomatic and economic relations with nearby nations.
• The criteria for ST status to Meiteis should be examined
thoroughly based on several committee reports such as
Lokur Committee, Bhuria Commission etc.
High Court upholds Lok Ayukta order
referring CMDRF case to Full Bench
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 1
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation
Lok Ayukta
• Lokayukta is an anti-corruption authority constituted at
the state level.
• It investigates allegations of corruption and
maladministration against public servants and is tasked
with speedy redressal of public grievances.
• The state of Maharashtra is the first and pioneer state in
India to introduce the concept of Lokayukta by enacting
the Maharashtra Lokayukta and Upa Lokayuktas Act
1971
• Lokpal and Lokayukta Act provided for the establishment
of Lokpal for the Union and Lokayukta for States.
FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 02-08-2023

GI tags given to crafts from Rajasthan, WEIGHTAGE

mangoes grown in Goa Cement
5%
Fertilizers
3%
Natural Gas
7% Refinery Products
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 Crude Oil
28%

Economic and Social Development- Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, 9%

Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives etc

Mains: General Studies Paper - 3

Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, Nano-technology, bio-
technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights Coal
10%

Geographical Indication (GI) Tag Electricity

20%
Steel
• GI is an indication used to identify goods having special 18%

characteristics originating from a definite geographical

territory.
• The Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration The dangers in the Digital Personal Data
and Protection) Act 1999 seeks to provide for the Protection Bill
registration and better protection of geographical
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
indications relating to goods in India Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
• It is governed and directed by the WTO Agreement on
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business,
(TRIPS) powers & privileges and issues arising out of these

Digital Personal Data Protection Bill 2022

Core comfort; Government effort to
boost infrastructure is yielding results
• The new Bill intends to provide an additional layer of
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 security to the personal data of the citizens.
Economic and Social Development- Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives etc • It seeks to establish a Data Protection Board (DPB)

Mains: General Studies Paper - 3

which adjudicates on the matter of data protection.
Effects of liberalization on the economy, changes in industrial policy and their • The bill also mentions the conditions under which
effects on the industrial growth
proposed legislation can be breached by the government
agencies in case of issues related to
Index of Eight Core Industries
• Sovereignty and integrity of India,
• It is a composite indicator that measures the growth
• Security of the state,
rate of industry groups classified under.
• Friendly relations with foreign states,
• Broad Sectors- Mining, Manufacturing and
• Maintenance of public order or preventing
Electricity
incitement to any cognisable offense
• Use-based sectors- Basic goods, Capital goods and
• There is also a provision of consent for data sharing and
Intermediate goods
only when permission is given by the end user, the data
• Under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme
can be written.
Implementation
• Base year: 2011-12:

enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 02-08-2023

The IIM Bill is a bold move • GTF promotes financing for demonstration, deployment
and transfer of low-carbon technologies.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 • Prioritises renewable energy, energy efficiency, and
Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
clean transport in emerging market middle-income and
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 developing economies.
Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business,
powers & privileges and issues arising out of these
• It comes under the Climate Investment Funds (CIF)
framework of the World Bank.
Indian Institutes of Management
(Amendment) Bill Panel submits report on sub
categorisation of OBCs after 6 years

• It proposes to amend the 2017 Act so that the visitor can Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
nominate the chairperson of the Board of Governors of Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

IIM.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
• It proposes to make the President as the visitor of all Mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and
betterment of these vulnerable sections.
IIMs
• It will empower the central government to constitute an Rohini Commission
interim board in case of suspension or dissolution of the
said Board of Governors • The Rohini Commission was constituted under Article
340 of the Constitution in 2017.
• It was constituted to check on the issue related with
Climate finance adds another layer of the Sub Categorization within Other Backward Classes
inequity to climate change (OBCs) in the Central List.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 • Article 340: The President may appoint a commission
General issues on Environmental ecology, Biodiversity & climate change
to investigate the conditions of socially and
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 educationally backward classes in India.
Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact
assessment
Rajya Sabha passes the MultiState
Cooperative Societies Bill
Green Climate Fund (GCF)
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• GCF is one of the main components of the Paris Climate Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Agreement.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
• It was founded by UNFCCC in 2010. Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability.

• It aims to help nations and communities directly

impacted by climate change. 97th Constitution (Amendment) Act, 2011
• It also helps developing countries to reduce GreenHouse
Gas emission. • The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2011
gives co-operative societies constitutional status and
Clean Technology Fund(GTF)
protection.
• it made three constitutional amendments:

enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 02-08-2023

It established the right to form Lok Sabha passes Bill on birth

cooperative societies as a
fundamental right (Article 19). registration

It included a new Directive

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Principle of State Policy on the Current events of National & International importance.
Promotion of Cooperative
Societies (Article 43-B).

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

It added a new Part IX-B to the
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
Constitution titled "The Co-
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
operative Societies" (Articles 243-
ZH to 243-ZT).

National Population Register (NPR)

• The Supreme Court (SC) upheld the Gujarat High •
Court decision that knocked down key parts of the •
97th Amendment Act, 2011 as co-operative societies
belonged to the State List and Centre should take the
states prior approval which was not done here. .
Centre owes ₹6,366 cr.in MGNREGS wages
to 18 States, Union Territories
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of National & International importance.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
NPR contains a list of all usual residents of the country.
A usual resident is a person who has resided in a place
for six months or more and intends to reside there for
another six months or more.
National Register of Citizens (NRC)
• NRC contains all the important information of the Indian
citizens required for their identification.
• The NRC was published only once, in 1951.
• Recently a NRC was conducted in Assam in accordance
with the Citizenship Act, 1955 and Citizenship Rules,
2003

MGNREGS (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural ‘Indian grant to be used in education,

Employment Guarantee Scheme) healthcare in Sri Lanka’s estate areas’
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• The largest work guarantee programmes in the world Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
launched in 2005 by the Ministry of Rural development.
• It guarantees 100 days of employment in every financial Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or
year to adult members of any rural household willing to affecting India’s interests.

do public work-related unskilled manual work.

• As of 2022-23, there are 15.4 crore active workers under
the MGNREGA.
• Recently there have been deletions from the list of
workers by states which the Ministry said was a “regular
exercise”.
• They have listed five reasons for the deletions — fake •
job card, duplicate job card, not willing to work, family
shifted from gram panchayat permanently, and single
person in job card where the person has now expired.
Malaiyaha Community
• The historically marginalized tamil community in Sri
Lanka who migrated from southern India around 200
years ago as plantation workers. Also known as Indian
Origin Tamils.
They recently released a declaration emphasizing
greater recognition, political rights and improved
working conditions.

enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 02-08-2023

• The community faces severe issues like

It helped in avoiding:
discrimination,economic distress and limited political
representation.
Double taxation
Assistance provided by India
Cascading effect of taxation
• The Indian grants emphasis on multiple sectors like
health, education (scholarships), housing etc. Tax burden

13th Amendment of Sri Lankan Constitution Classification issues

• An outcome of the Indo-Lanka Accord of 1987 signed RS passes Biodiversity Bill amid a
between then Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi and walkout
President J.R Jayawardene, to resolve the ethnic Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
conflict between the armed forces and the Liberation Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Mains: General Studies Paper - 3

• Passed in 1987 to set up provincial governments across Important aspects of governance,transparency and accountability.

the country as well as sought to address the Tamils’

right to self determination. Biological Diversity Act, 2002
• The 13th Amendment carries considerable baggage
• It aims for conservation of biological resources, managing
from the civil war years. It was opposed by the Sinhalese
its sustainable use and enabling fair and equitable
party and the LTTE.
sharing of benefits arising out of the use and knowledge
of biological resources with the local communities.
GST revenues registered three-month
high in July • The act prohibits activities through the need of prior
approval of the National Biodiversity Authority.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic & Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, • The act also envisaged a three tier system to regulate
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
access to the resources: National Biodiversity
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 Authority, StateBiodiversity Boards and the
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment. BiodiversityManagement Committees.
• The bill seeks to exempt registered AYUSH medical
Goods and Service Tax
practitioners from intimating biodiversity boards before
• It is a destination based tax -, introduced through the accessing biological resources.
101st Constitution Amendment Act 2016.
• One of the biggest indirect tax reforms introduced in
July factory output growth eases to 3
month low, PMI shows
the country with the slogan of One Nation One Tax.
• It subsumed all kinds of indirect taxes like excise duty, Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic & Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Value Added Tax, service tax, etc. Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 3

Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment.

enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 02-08-2023

Purchasing Managers’ Index The holocene climate anomalies

• An index released by the S & P Global India, on the Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of National & International importance
prevailing economic trends in both service and
manufacturing sectors.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
• It is derived from monthly surveys. There are two types Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact
assessment.
of PMI- Manufacturing PMI and Services PMI.
• It provides a reliable prediction on how an economy is Holocene Climate Optimum (HCO)
doing as a whole.
• Holocene is the name given to the last 11,700 years of the
Earth’s history and is the current geological timeperiod.
Investments in fabs must increase for
chip market to normalize • HCO is a period of warming throughout the globe during
the Holocene. It is suggested that the warming was not
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic & Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
uniform across the world.
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
• Temperature estimates from before thermometers were
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 invented (140 years ago) were derived indirectly from
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment. “palaeo-proxies” like tree rings, ocean sediments etc.

Semiconductors
Places in NEWS Why in NEWS
• Any of a class of crystalline solids intermediate in
electrical conductivity between a conductor and an Sub- Saharan Africa Climate Change
insulator. West bank region- Disputed territory of
• Semiconductors are employed in the manufacture of Israel Israel
various kinds of electronic devices, including diodes,
transistors, and integrated circuits
Key Words
India Semiconductor Mission
Digital Science Park- India’s first at Technocity, Kerala
• The ISM was launched in 2021 with a total financial Polypill- Effective drug delivery mechanism for cardio
outlay of Rs76,000 crore under the aegis of the Ministry vascular diseases.
of Electronics and IT (MeitY). Aspartame- Artificial sweetener classified as possible
• It is part of the comprehensive program for the carcinogen (IARC)
development of sustainable semiconductor and display
ecosystems in the country.
• The programme aims to provide financial support
to companies investing in semiconductors, display
manufacturing and design ecosystem.

enquiries@fortuneias.com | www.fortuneias.com | +91 94950 15888 | +91 81389 4088