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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 06-08-2023

06
th

AUGUST
2023

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER

Chandrayaan 3 in lunar orbit Industry sector keen on improving

State’s ranking in ease of doing business
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in
everyday life. Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-governance- applications,
models, successes, limitations, and potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and
institutional and other measures.
India Space Research Organisation(ISRO)
Ease of Doing Business Report
• The Indian National Committee for Space Research
(INCOSPAR) was established by the then PM Jawaharlal • The report was introduced in 2003 by the World Bank
Nehru in 1962 under the Department of Atomic Energy (Discontinued in 2021)
(DAE). • Its aim was to provide an assessment of measures taken
• INCOSPAR became ISRO in 1969 and is now under the for business regulations and their enforcement in 190
Department of Space. countries.
• Its vision is to harness space technology for national Ten parameters
development, while pursuing space science research Starting a Business Dealing with Construction permits
and planetary exploration. Electricity availability Property registration
• There are two commercial arms of ISRO - Antrix
Credit availability Protecting minority Investors
Corporation Ltd for satellite and launch vehicle deals
Paying Taxes Trading across borders
with foreign customers and New Space India Limited
Contracts enforcement Resolving Insolvency.
(NSIL) for deals with Indian industries.
• Latest report was released in 2019 where India was
Lunar Orbit Insertion(LOI): Placing a spacecraft into lunar ranked 63rd.
orbit. • The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal
Trade under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry
with the help of the World Bank also releases a state-
wise Ease of Doing Business for India.
First batch of 661 Agniveers completes
training.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 06-08-2023

Agnipath Scheme Organ donation

• A scheme for recruiting soldiers over the three
services(Army,Navy and Airforce) launched in 2022 by
Government of India.
• It allows youth to serve in the armed forces for 4 years.
• The youth joining the army will be called Agniveer.
Aspirants between the age of 17.5 years and 23 years
are eligible to apply.
• It is only for personnel below officer ranks.
Sahitya Akademi to push poems from
G-20 nations
• It refers to giving a part of the body(organ) to a person
with end stage organ diseases who require a transplant.
• In India, Transplantation of Human Organs Act 1994
provides various regulations for the removal of human
organs and its storage
National Organ and Tissue Transplant
Organization(NOTTO)
• An organization set up under the Directorate General of
Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family welfare.
It has two divisions:

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 • National Human Organ and Tissue Removal
Current events of national and international importance. and Storage Network
• National Biomaterial Centre
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
With nimble feet, clouded leopards play
hide-and-seek in the forests
Sahitya Akademi
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• Sahitya Akademi, also known as India’s National General issues on Environmental ecology, Biodiversity & climate change

Academy of Letters founded in1954, an autonomous

Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
body under the Ministry of Culture. Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact
assessment
• It is dedicated to the promotion of literature in the
languages of India.
• Besides the 22 languages enumerated in the Clouded Leopard
constitution(8th Schedule), the Sahitya Akademi has • A medium sized wildcat found in regions of Himalayas
recognised English and Rajasthani as languages for its and South East Asian nations.
programmes implementation. • Its distinctive yellow to dark brown fur markings look
• The Sahitya Akademi Award organized by the institution like dark clouds in the sky.
is the second highest literary honor by the Government There are two species of the clouded leopard:
of India.
Sunda Clouded Mainland
Leopard- Clouded
Organ shortage continues to cost lives Vulnerable- Leopard-
IUCN Red List Vulnerable-
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 IUCN Red List
Current events of national and international importance.
• They mainly live in the rainforests as well as drier forests.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 • Moreover, it is the state animal of Meghalaya.
Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to
Health, Education, Human Resources.

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 06-08-2023

Ukrainian drones hit Russian ship in yet • The Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organisation
another sea attack was established in 1995, aimed at the sustainable
development of the Amazon Basin.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance. • Its member states are: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia,
Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 • It reaffirms the Amazon countries’ sovereignty and
Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s
interests, Indian diaspora.
guides regional cooperation between them.

Russia- Ukraine Conflict In TB detection, smear microscopy’s

share still holds sway
Background
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• Both Russia and Ukraine were part of the erstwhile General Science.

Union of Soviet Socialists Republics (USSR)

• Ukraine became an independent state in 1991 but Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to
Russia continued to have political influence. Health, Education, Human Resources.

• However, Ukraine’s 2014 presidential elections reduced Tuberculosis (TB)

Russian influence and Russia annexed a pro-Russia part
• Tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium
of Ukraine called Crimea. This heightened hostilities
tuberculosis.
between the two.
• It can practically affect any organ of the body. The most
• Ukraine then showed interest in joining NATO and Russia
common ones are lungs, pleura (lining around the lungs),
on February 24,2022, launched a full fledged invasion of
lymph nodes, intestines, spine and brain
Ukraine.
• It is an airborne infection that spreads through close
Lula to host S. American meet to save the contact with the infected
Amazon
• Bacillus Calmette- Guerin(BCG) vaccine is primarily
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 used against tuberculosis.
Current events of national and international importance.

GeneXpert
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Important International institutions, agencies and their structure, mandate.
• GeneXpert is a diagnostic tool to diagnose TB and some
drug-resistant TB(DR-TB) in less than two hours
Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organisation Measures taken by India to eradicate TB

The National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme

1
(NTEP):
• Aims to strategically reduce TB burden in India by 2025
• It was previously known as Revised National Tuberculosis
Control Programme (RNTCP)

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 06-08-2023

• It was earlier treated as a subspecies of the Eurasian

2 The National Strategic Plan for TB Elimination:
• Launched to achieve the target of ending TB by 2025 in a eagle-owl
mission mode. • Usually seen in pairs and has a deep resonant booming
• It aims to detect all TB patients with an emphasis on call that may be heard at dawn and dusk
reaching TB patients seeking care from private providers
and undiagnosed TB in high-risk populations
On a mission to reshape Israel
3 Ni-kshay Poshan Yojana (NPY):
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• It helps to meet the nutritional requirements of TB
Current events of national and international importance.
patients

Patient Provider Support Agencies (PPSA): Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

4 Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s
• To engage the private sector, PPSA have been rolled out interests, Indian diaspora.
across 250 districts

Universal Drug Susceptibility Testing (UDST) Israel Judicial Reform

5
• To ensure every diagnosed TB patient is tested to rule
out drug resistance before or at the time of treatment • On July 24, the governing coalition in Israel’s parliament
initiation itself (Knesset) passed a critical part of its judicial overhaul
plan, aimed at curbing the Supreme Court’s oversight
Pradhan Mantri TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan:
6 powers over government decisions
• To bring together all community stakeholders to support
those on TB treatment and accelerate the country’s
progress towards TB elimination Judicial restructuring

• The legislation abolishes the “reasonable doctrine”

The enigmatic Indian eagle-owl
used by the Supreme Court to determine the sensibility
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 and fairness of government decisions and nullify them
General issues on Environmental ecology, Biodiversity and Climate Change - that
do not require subject specialization. if deemed necessary.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 • The government seeks to replace members of the Bar
Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact
assessment.
Association in the nine-member panel responsible for
selecting judges with public representatives chosen
• The Indian eagle-owl (also by the government. This change would give the
known as Bengal eagle- government a majority vote in the committee and more
owl or rock eagle-owl) is control over judicial appointments
a large horned owl species • Seeks to remove the legal obligation for ministers to
native to hilly and rocky follow the advice given by their legal advisers, including
scrub forests in the Indian the Attorney-general’s guidance.
subcontinent.
• It is splashed with brown
and grey and has a white
throat patch with black
small stripes.

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 06-08-2023

Cabinet clears ₹1.39­lakh cr. funding to Polio, Measles, Rubella, Japanese Encephalitis(JE),
scale up BharatNet Rotavirus, Diarrhea, Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis,
Hepatitis B, and Meningitis caused by Haemophilus
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Influenza type B (Rubella, JE and Rotavirus vaccine in
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
select states and districts).
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 • Intensive Mission Indradhanush 5.0- Focuses on
Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
children up to age of 5 years and pregnant women who
may have been left out from earlier vaccination.
BharatNet

• It is the world’s largest rural broadband connectivity

programme using optical fiber. Place in News Why in News
• It is a flagship mission implemented by Bharat Storm Doksuri has brought the most
Broadband Network Ltd (BBNL) Beijing severe rains to the region since
records began 140 years ago
• Implemented by the Department of Telecommunication Electoral body confirms PM Hun
Cambodia
(DoT) Sen’s party as the winner
Portbou (Spain-France Border) Wildfire
• National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN) which was
launched in October 2011 was renamed as BharatNet Adichanallur Historical Site in Tamil Nadu

Project in 2015 Manas National Park(Assam) Clouded Leopard spotted

• The entire project is being funded by Universal Service
Obligation Fund (USOF), which was set up for improving Keywords
telecom services in rural and remote areas of the country
• Perucetus colossus- Newly discovered
ancient species of Whale
Intensified Mission Indradhanush 5.0 • DPP4- The host derived DPP4 is an
begins tomorrow important therapeutic target for type 2
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 diabetes management
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Corrigendum
• The countries under the Black list of FATF include:
Mission Indradhanush Democratic Republic of Korea (North Korea), Iran and
Myanmar.
• It aims to cover all those children and pregnant mothers
who are either unvaccinated, or partially vaccinated
against vaccine preventable diseases.
• Launched by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare on
December 25, 2014
• Provides free access to vaccines against diseases like

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