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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 09-08-2023

09th
AUGUST
2023

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER

‘Issue norms for sex selective surgeries Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
on intersex infants’ Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1

Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Mains: General Studies - 3
Policy, Rights Issues, etc. Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment.

Mains: General Studies - 2

Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States
and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies Vostro and Nostro Accounts
constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.

Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights)

Act, 2019

• The Act defines transgender as a person whose gender

does not match with the gender assigned to that person
at birth.
• This will include trans-men, trans-women, persons with
intersex variations and gender queers. • Vostro and Nostro are terms that refer to the same
• The Act prohibits all forms of discrimination against account but from different perspectives
transgenders. • When a foreign bank (eg: Russian Rosbank) has an
• Right to be Recognized as Transgender: A person has account with a domestic bank (eg: State Bank of India) in
a right to be recognized as a transgender of their self- domestic currency (here, Indian Rupee), the account is
perceived gender by applying for such a Certificate Of called Nostro with respect to foreign bank and is called
Identity (CoI) from the District Magistrate. Vostro with respect to the domestic Bank.
• The District Magistrate can then issue a . }( • Vostro means “your account in our books” and Nostro
]v˙ based on the recommendations of the District means “our account in your books”.
Sv]vP C}uu]' composed of Chief medical
officer, psychologist, social worker, transgender and
government representatives. Tribals in non­-ST villages feel left out
• The Act also mentions the establishment of a N}vo
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
C}v]o (} TvPv persons (NCT) to recommend Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
policy changes to government.
Mains: General Studies - 2
The grammar of commerce in a new age Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
of geopolitics

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 09-08-2023

regulation of economic activities.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups(PVTGs)
• On the basis of the recommendation of the Dhebar
Commission (1961), the Central government began
identifying the u} ovo ]o P}
separate category in 1975.
• Currently there are 75 PVTGs in India with Odisha
having the highest number of groups (13).
• The main aim of the act is to ensure protection of
tribal populations from exploitation through their active
involvement in local bodies.
as a
Govt. starts hunt for Chief Information
Commissioner
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

• Criteria for identifying PVTGs: rP]oo oo

}( Rv}o}P˙U o}` oo }( o]˙U }v}u]
l`vvo]v]vP}Pvv}o}v
• M]v]˙ }( T]o A+] recently started a Cvoo˙
S}v}SRu~CSSrSSRu}(o}uv
D }(
Poo˙ Vovo T]o G}_ for the socio-
economic development of the PVTGs
Integrated Tribal Development Agency (ITDA)
• Integrated Tribal Development Projects were started in
states like Himachal Pradesh in the 1970’s.
• By the end of 1970’s ITDA as agencies registered under
theRP]}v}(S}]AUı with jurisdiction
for administration of tribal development projects in
India were formed.
• It is under the M]v]˙}(T]oA+]X
Panchayats Extension to Scheduled Areas Act
1996 (PESA)
• The C}v}vo AuvuvUıı , that
introduced the Panchayati Raj system in India avoided
the tribal areas from its purview to allow some form of
local autonomy to tribals.
• Later, the PESA Act was enacted in 1996 to extend the
provisions of the Panchayats to the ]o }( R
F]LR SRo (Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Fiscal firepower necessary to handle
Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, exogenous shocks’
Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan and Telangana).
• The act gives special powers to the Gram Sabhas in
Mains: General Studies - 2
Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability
.
Central Information Commission
• It was established by the vo P}vuv ]v æ
v R }]]}v }( R R]PR } Iv(}u}v AU
æX
• It consists of a CR]( Iv(}u}v C}uu]]}v and
not more than Iv(}u}v}uu]]}vX
• They are }]v ˙ R P]v on the
recommendation of a }uu]' }v]vP }(
R P]u M]v] CR]}vU R L }(
O}]}v ]v R L}l SR v Uv]}v C]v
M]v]v}u]v˙RP]uM]v]X
P}`vFv}v}(CICP
• To receive and inquire into a complaint from any person
regarding information requested under RTI, 2005.
• It can } v ]v]˙ ]v} v˙ u' related to
information sharing if there are reasonable grounds
(suo-moto power).
• The Commission has R }` }( ]]o } in
respect of summoning, requiring documents etc.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic & Social Development – Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

Scheduled Areas in relation to matters relating to natural

resource management, protection of environment and
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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 09-08-2023

Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 Over half of pending farm insurance

Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment. claims are from Rajasthan
Government Budgeting.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Fiscal firepower Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

• Fiscal firepower basically means the ability of Mains: General Studies - 3

governments to put more cash in the hands of ordinary Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices;
Public Distribution

people and companies by cutting taxes, reducing fuel

costs or boosting spending on infrastructure or other Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
projects particularly in times of crisis like Covid-19.
• Launched in to provide insurance coverage and
Medium Term Expenditure Framework financial support to the farmers in the event of failure of
(MTEF) any of the notified crops as a result of natural calamities,
pests & diseases.
• The Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management
• Administered by the M]v]˙ }( AP]o v
(FRBM) Act, 2003 was enacted to provide a legislative
FuWo(
framework for reduction of deficit and debt of the
• It replaced the N}voAP]ooIvvSRu
Government for long term macroeconomic stability.
~NAIS v M}]. N}vo AP]oo Ivv
• FRBM Act amended in 2012 required the government to
SRu~MNAIS
lay before the parliament the MTEF statement.
• There will be a uniform premium of only A9 to be paid by
• The MTEF statement sets a Rr˙ }oo]vP P
farmers for all KR](} and XæA9 for all R]} . In
for various expenditure projections, commitments and
the case of annual }uu]ovR}oo} ,
grants of the government of India.
the premium to be paid by farmers will be only æA9
• It helps to align the expenditures of the government
with the targets of FRBM.
How did the dinosaurs become birds?
• MTEF also contains outcome criteria for the purpose of
Maybe the nose knows
(}uvu}v]}]vP .
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management General Science.

(FRBM) Act, 2003

Mains: General Studies - 3
• The act envisages the setting of limits on the central Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-
technology and issues
government’s debt and deficits (It limited the fiscal
deficit toA9}(RGDP )
Darwin’s Theory of Evolution
• It also mandates greater transparency in fiscal operations
of the central government and the conduct of fiscal
• TZ}˙}(}o}v
policy in a medium term framework
is the process by
• It was mandated by the act that the following must be
which species of
placed along with the Budget documents,
}Pv]u o}
Macroeconomic Framework Statement
vZvP}uZ}PZvoo}vX
Medium Term Fiscal Policy Statement
Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 09-08-2023

• Enacted in 1989 to prevent the offenses of atrocities

• Individuals with traits that are advantageous o
f r survival against the members of the SRo v
v }}v ]v R] o v]}vuv SRo]X
u} o]lo˙ } ] v }v R] ] } R] • The act has been enacted keeping in view the express
}+]vPU`R]oR}`]RovP}] constitutional safeguards enumerated in Ao æU
oo]lo˙}]X Ao v Ao of the constitution with a
twin-fold objective of protecting the members of these
Warm Blooded Animals and Cold Blooded vulnerable communities as well as to provide relief and
Animals rehabilitation to the victims of caste-based atrocities.

• Wu o}} v]uo are animals that can regulate KEY WORDS

maintain a constant internal body temperature • R(vu - An instrument of direct democracy
regardless of their environment E.g., Muuo v through which people can vote directly on a particular
birds issue.
• C}oo}} • B}˙ M Iv˘~BMI - A simple index of weight-for-
v]uo height that is commonly used to classify overweight and
are animals underweight.
which cannot • S]looo] - A genetic blood disease that affects
regulate haemoglobin. People with this disease have ˙]o
their internal body temperature with change in the haemoglobin molecules called Ru}Po}]v S , which
environment. E.g., oU]vUuR]]vv can ]} o}} oo ]v} ]loU } vU
.RX RX
• MAYA OS - An operating system developed by the
Economic boycott of minorities- a new Government of India in 6 months. The Defence Ministry
form of untouchability has decided to substitute the existing Microsoft
Operating System with Maya OS
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity & Governance – Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public • CRl˙R - An endpoint anti-malware and antivirus.
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
• Garima Greh - Scheme for providing SRo H}u (}
Mains: General Studies - 2
Transgender Persons
Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments,
significant provisions and basic structure.
• CHIPS}(
A USA - It promotes investments in domestic
semiconductor manufacturing capacity.
Article 17
• Article 17 abolishes untouchability and forbids its PLACES IN NEWS WHY IN NEWS?
practice in any form. The enforcement of any disability Dispute between
Spratly China, Taiwan,
arising out of untouchability shall be an offence Islands- South Vietnam, Malaysia,
punishable in accordance with law China sea Philippines & Brunei.


Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(Prevention of Atrocities) Act

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