FINDER

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 08-08-2023

08
th

AUGUST
2023

FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER

Satheesan objects to choice of SHRC Katchatheevu Island Issue

head
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various
Constitutional Bodies. Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies.

State Human Rights Commission (SHRC)

• The Protection of Human Rights Act of 1993 provides

for the creation of the Human Rights Commission at the
state level.
• SHRC enquires only into violation of human rights of
subjects mentioned in the State List and the Concurrent
• Following the agreement, Katchatheevu Island, in the
List of the 7th Schedule.
Palk Straits was ceded to Sri Lanka without consulting
• Its main functions include inquiring into violation of
the Tamil Nadu State government
human rights or negligence in the prevention of such
• Since then, Indian fishermen have only been allowed
violation by a public servant, either suo motu or on a
“limited access” to the island.
petition
• Despite the agreements, there is no well-defined
Sri Lankan Navy arrests 10 more T.N. maritime boundary between the two countries, leading
fishermen to Indian fishermen trespassing into Sri Lankan waters.
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 • Sri Lanka also saw a brutal Tamil-Sinhala civil war (2006-
Current events of national and international importance.
09) which destroyed the LTTE resistance of the tamils.
• Sri Lankan navy tightened surveillance of its northern
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s maritime boundary to halt a potential return of
interests, Indian diaspora.
Tamil insurgents and also stop the trespassing Indian

India- Srilanka: Fishermen Issue fishermen, leading to many arrests.

• Sri Lankan authorities argue that they are simply
• Indo- Sri Lanka Maritime Boundary Agreement (1974), protecting the maritime boundaries of the country
which defined the respective understanding of maritime against poaching, and securing the livelihood of Sri
boundaries along the Palk Strait, that separates both Lankan fishermen.
nations.

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 08-08-2023

Polavaram evacuees to get settlement Shanghai Cooperation Cooperation (SCO)

soon
• SCO is an intergovernmental international organization
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance. founded in Shanghai in 2001 by the leaders of China,
Kazakhstan, Russia, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3 Kyrgyzstan.
Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.

Polavaram Lift Irrigation Project

• An under construction multipurpose project on the

Godavari river in Andhra Pradesh.
• The project has been given National project status by
the Union Government of India.
• It facilitates lifting water from the Godavari river to the
Krishna river through its right canal
Godavari River • India and Pakistan became permanent members in
• India’s second largest river after the Ganga and drains 2017.
into the third largest basin in India. • Currently it has 9 member states : India, Kazakhstan,
• Its source is in Trimbakeshwar, Nasik, Maharashtra. China, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Pakistan, Tajikistan,
• It flows east draining into states of Maharashtra, Uzbekistan and Iran; 3 observers : Afghanistan,
Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Odisha. Belarus, and Mongolia.
• It is also known as the Dakshin Ganga. • The Organisation has two permanent bodies — the
Secretariat in Beijing (China) and the Regional Anti-
China’s worldview, its postulates and a
Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent.
reality check
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 Neither the right to privacy nor the right
Current events of national and international importance.
to information
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
affecting India’s interests. Policy, Rights Issues, etc.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

AUKUS Alliance Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments,
significant provisions and basic structure.
• A trilateral partnership for the Indo-Pacific between
Australia, the UK and the US (AUKUS) formed in 2021. Right to Information Act 2005
• Under this alliance the US and UK will help Australia
• Under the provisions of the Act, any citizen may request
to acquire conventionally armed nuclear-powered
information from a public authority by making an
submarines.
application in writing or through electronic means
• The pact emphasizes freedom of navigation in the
• The information seeker is not required to give reasons
Indo- Pacific region including South China Sea also to
for seeking information
challenge the regional hegemony ambitions of China.

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER
The time period for supply of information
• In the normal course, information shall be supplied
within 30 days from the receipt of the application by
the public authority
• If the information sought concerns the life or liberty of
a person, it should be supplied within 48 hours.
Right to Privacy
• Justice K.S Puttaswamy (retd.) vs Union of India
Judgement (2017) formally recognised the right to
privacy as being a fundamental right stemming from
Article 21.
• While the right to privacy is intrinsic to an individual’s
ability to exercise bodily autonomy, it is not an
absolute right.
• The Supreme Court further declared that the state must
strike a careful balance between the individual privacy
and the government’s legitimate goal.
Manipur Government note says only 1
rape and murder case till July 31
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
• Security challenges and their management in border areas - linkages of organized crime
with terrorism.
• Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.
First Information Report (FIR)
• FIR is a written document prepared by the police when
they receive information about the commission of a
cognizable offence ( a cognizable offence is a serious
offence in which the police have the authority to arrest
the accused without a warrant and start the investigation
without the need for the court’s permission)
• It is a report of information that reaches the police first
at that point of time.
• The term FIR is not defined in the Indian Penal Code
(IPC), Code of Criminal Procedure CrPC) or in any other
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08-08-2023
law. However, in police regulations or rules, information
recorded under Section 154 of CrPC is known as FIR
Assam Rifles
• Assam Rifles is a Central Paramilitary Force under the
Central Armed Police Force.
• It is the leading counter-insurgency and border security
force in the Northeast.
• It is the oldest paramilitary police force formed in 1835
as ‘Cachar Levy’
• It is also known as ‘Sentinels of the Northeast’
• It is the only paramilitary force with a dual control
structure;
• While the administrative control of the force is
with the Ministry of Home Affairs, its operational
control is with the Indian Army, under Ministry of
Defence
ED’s seizure from crypto frauds rises to
Rs.1144.5 crore
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social
networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its
prevention.
Prevention of Money Laundering Act (PMLA)
• PMLA is a criminal law of 2002, enacted in response to
India’s global commitment (Vienna Convention, 1988)
to combat the menace of money laundering.
• Money laundering is the process of making large
amounts of money generated by criminal activity, such
as drug trafficking or terrorist funding, appear to have
come from a legitimate source. Converts black money
to white.
Centre seeks more time to frame CAA
rules
FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 08-08-2023

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 grants registration to medical practitioners and monitors
Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc. medical practice and assesses the medical infrastructure
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 in India.
Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments,
significant provisions and basic structure.
Lok Sabha passes pharmacy
(Amendment) Bill 2023
Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) 2019
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
• The Citizenship Amendment Act 2019 amends the Indian Polity and Governance-Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
Citizenship Act 1955.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
• It seeks to grant citizenship to a class of migrants Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments,
significant provisions and basic structure.
belonging to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi or
Christian communities from Afghanistan, Bangladesh
Pharmacy (Amendment) Bill 2023
or Pakistan who entered India on or before December
31, 2014. • It amends the Pharmacy Act 1948 which regulates the
• It exempts the members of the six communities from practice and profession of pharmacy.
any criminal case under the Foreigners Act, 1946 and • The bill will extend the Pharmacy Act 1948 to the Union
the Passport Act 1920 (The two acts specify punishment Territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
for entering the country illegally and staying here on • It specifies that anyone who is registered as a pharmacist
expired visas and permits) or possesses requisite qualifications under the Jammu
• The amendment act reduces the time period that a and Kashmir Pharmacy Act 2011 will be deemed to
person must reside in India to be eligible for citizenship be registered as a pharmacist under the Pharmacy Act
from 11 years to 5 years for all respective migrants. 1948
• The conspicuous exclusion of Muslims from the purview
of the Act has evoked widespread condemnation Indian-made syrup found contaminated
in Iraq, alerts WHO
India has 482 recognised medical Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
colleges: Ministry
Current events of national and international importance.

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate
Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 2

Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and World Health Organization (WHO)
issues arising out of their design and implementation.

• WHO, founded in 1948 is United Nation’s specialized

National Medical Commission (NMC)
• NMC is an Indian regulatory body of 33 members which
regulates medical education and medical professionals
• It replaced the Medical Council of India (MCI) in 2020.
• The commission grants recognition of medical
qualifications, gives accreditation to medical schools,
agency for Health
• It is an intergovernmental organization that works in
collaboration with its member states usually through
ministries of health
• WHO provides leadership on global health matters,
shaping the health research agenda, setting norms and

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 08-08-2023

standards, articulating evidence-based policy options, • It is a regional association of fifteen nations formed on
providing technical support to countries and monitoring the basis of Treaty of Lagos (1975)
and assessing the health trends • Headquaters - Abuja, Nigeria.
• The World Health Assembly is the legislative and • Members - Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d’
supreme body of WHO. Ivoire, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau,
• India became a party to WHO constitution on 12 January Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Senegal and
1948. Togo
• Its aim is to create a borderless region with deeper
Previous governments did not focus on
building infrastructure at LAC: Jaishankar cooperation for sustainable development.
• There are two sub-regional blocs:
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Current events of national and international importance. 1. West African Economic and Monetary Union(1994)
2. West African Monetary Zone (2000)
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2
India and its neighborhood- relations.
‘Banks wrote off in 9 years, ₹14.56 lakh cr.
of bad loans
India-Myanmar-Thailand Trilateral Highway Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
• It is a significant regional Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.

connectivity project that Mains: General Studies Paper - 3

aims to establish a road link Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
development and employment.

between India, Myanmar and

Thailand. Loan Write-Off
• The highway will span a
• A loan is an asset on the balance sheet of a bank
• Writing off a loan means that a loan will no longer be
distance of approximately 1360 KM, starting from
counted as an asset.
Moreh in Manipur and passing through Myanmar
• Banks write off a loan when the borrower has defaulted
before reaching Mae Sot in Thailand
on the loan repayment and there is a very low chance of
• The construction began in 2012 and is being implemented
recovery.
in several phases
• After a Write-Off, the bank can still try to recover the
West African bloc ECOWAS to meet on loan.
Niger coup on Thursday
SEBI asks FPIs to trade 10% of corporate
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 bonds via RFQ
Current events of national and international importance.

Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1

Economic and Social Development-Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion,
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives, etc.
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or
affecting India’s interests.
Mains: General Studies Paper - 3
Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth,
The Economic Community Of West African development and employment.

States (ECOWAS)

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FORTUNE IAS NEWS DAILY EXPLAINER 08-08-2023

Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) Critical Minerals

• A statutory body under the Securities and Exchange • They are minerals that are essential for economic
Board of India Act, 1992. development and national security
• Its function is to protect the interests of investors in • The lack of availability of these minerals may lead to
securities and to promote and regulate the securities supply chain issues
market. • Countries have their own unique lists of critical minerals
• Headquarters -Mumbai based on their needs
• Regional office - Ahmedabad, Kolkata, Chennai and • Ministry of Mines has identified a set of 30 critical
Delhi. minerals for India
• It is a quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial body. • Eg- Cobalt, Copper, Gallium, Graphite,Lithium,
Nickel,Phosphorous, Potash,Silicon, Cadmium etc.
Request for Quote
• The electronic platform that enables multi-lateral Deep-seated minerals-. are high value minerals which are
negotiations to take place on a centralized online trading difficult and expensive to explore and mine. Eg., Gold, Silver,
platform with straight-through processing of clearing Diamond, Platinum, etc
and settlement to complete the trade.
Key Words

UAE said to dither on $2bn India 1. Norwegian fjords - glacial erosional feature along
coasts
foodparks proposal
2. Same sex sexual behaviour in animals is considered a
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1 Darwinian paradox
Current events of national and international importance. 3. Generative Artificial Intelligence - type of AI that can
create a wide variety of data, such as images, videos,
Mains: General Studies Paper - 2 audio, text, and 3D models.
Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or
affecting India’s interests.

I2U2 (2021)
Places in News
• It is a grouping of India, Israel, USA and UAE.
Places in News Why in News
• It is also called the West Asian Quad.
• It was formed to deal with issues related with maritime Abuja - Nigeria ECOWAS Meet 2023

security, infrastructure and transport in the region Red Sea Tension in Iran

South-China Sea Chinese Aggression

India’s mining policy shift
Prelims: General Studies Paper - 1
General Science.

Mains: General Studies Paper - 1

Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including South Asia and
the Indian subcontinent); factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary,
and tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world (including India).

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