KTG AND THERMODYNAMICS ULTIMATE HANDPICKED QUESTIONS 1. The graph between volume and! temperature in Charles law is? (A) mk Ord (A) an ellipse (B) acircle Si (C) astraightline (Dj a parabola £ 2 2 {vo Nesselssepartely contin two eal gases and B Shay oe atthe same te jature, the pressure of A being twice O18. Under such conditions, the density of A is found (o be 1.5 times the density of B. The ratio of molecular weight of A and Bis; that (A) (B) (2 ) oe The figure below shows the graph of pressure and volume of @ gas at two temperatures and . Which one, of the following, inferences is correct? Pe rn a v (A) TI> 12 (=) T1=12 (© TI P2 (© Pl=P2 (D) Pressures can’t be related sf NE ky Piss in the diagram, The} 5, Volume, pressure, and temperature of an ideal gas are ‘ » . Y, P, and T respectively, If the mass of its molecule is m, variation will parent to, (Assuming ig then its density is [k=Boltzmann’s constant consideration is nitrogen) ‘+ Make sure you know the definition, meaning and sign convention of all symbols clearly. its easy to gronal A) taage (B) 1010" a 19 ©) 10° ) 210° ¢ 15. Without change in temperature, a gas is freed in a 0.035 40 Go 81307 fanm sats iam Its pressure increases because its (A) Curve A (B) Curve B (A) strike the unt area ofthe container wall more often ©) Cuvee @) can () strike the unit area ofthe container wall ta higher 10. Which on ofthe following gent oat tg A speed, pressure? a (© strike the unit area of the container wall with greater force, 4 { (D) have more energy a} ae 16. Diatomic molecules like hydrogen have energies due to ee both translational as well as rotational motion, From the a 7 equation in kinetic theory PV 2 BB is: ! (A) the total energy per unit volume, a I (B) only the translational part of energy because Ee oF rotational Ww Me ‘energy is very small compared to translational energy. (© only the translational part of the energy because uring collisions with the wall, pressure relates to change in linear momentum. (D) the translational part of the energy because rotational energies of molecules can be of either sign and its average over all the molecules is zero. | An increase in the temperature of a gas-filled in a container would lead to: (A) decrease in the intermolecular distance, (B) increase in its mass, (C) increase in its kinetic energy, (D) decrease in its pressure. 12 The ratio of the average translatory kinetic energy of He gas molecules to gas molecules is; 17. If V,,V,, and V,, denote the root-mean square velocities 35 24 of molecules of hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen (A) a ®) 35 respectively at a given temperature, then (A) V>Y>Vy (B) V,>V,>V, 3 Os (D)1 (OVo>V,>%, — D) Ve>Vy>Vy 3. The translational kinetic energy of moles ofa diatomic 18. Molecular weight of two gases are M, and M,, At any a8 at absolute temperature Tis given by- ee the ratio ofroot mean square velocities will $ 3 } (A) 5aRT (B) 5aRT i i Oyu ® xe 7 LS (C) SoRT (D) geen MM, '4 fata pressure of 10° dyn/cm’, one gram of nitrogen © Occupies 2 x 10c.c, volume, then the average energy of 4 nitrogen molecule in erg is: MM,22, 23, 19. The root mean square velocity of the molecules of a pas 's 300 ms, What will be the root mean square speed of the molecules if the atomic weight is doubled and absolute temperature is halved? (A) 300 mvs (B) 150 mis (©) 600 mvs (D) 75 ms 20. The molecules of a given mass of gas have tm velocity of 200 ms at 27°C and 1.0.x 10 Nm? When the temperature and pressure of the gas are imereased to ,respectively, 127°C and 0.05 X 10Nm?, » tm.s velocity of its molecules in ms will becom (A) 400//3 (B) 100/213 ©) 1003, ) 100V2 At which temperature the velocity of molecules will be equal (0 the velocity of molecules at 0°C2 (A) 40°C (B) 93°C (©) 39°C (©) Cannot be calculated The ratio Of Yom? Voy $ Vig is: (symbols have their usual meaning) A) Vie e @) Givi: (© ¥3: fie i) bli ft The curve between absolute temperature and v,_?is 1 a ae a @) yn ° . od T 2 ve the © / ©) ° - g : 29 24. The rms speed of oxygen atoms is v. Ifthe temperature ishalved and the oxygen atoms combine to form, oxygen molecules, then the rms speed will be: pressure, OG (B) wZ (© 2 (D) oe At what temperature is the root mean square molecules of hydrogen twice as that at Sp? (a) 23K (8) 546K © 89K (0) 1092k Maxwell's velocity distribution curve is given fr éifferent temperatures. For the given curves: why tdy uy v wt? @7, a 6 [fo oa . (A) increase as it goes from A 10 B. (B) increase as it goes from B 10 C. (©) remain constant during these changes. (D) decrease as it goes from D 10 A. 38. The figure shows the P-V diagram of an ideal gas undergoing a change of state from A wo B. Four different paths |, 1, II and IV, as shown in the figure, may lead to the same change of state. a, The change in intemal energy is the same in cases IV and II but not in cases I and 11. b. The change in internal energy is the same in all four case ¢. Work done is maximum in case I d. Work done is minimum in case I. Which of the following options contains only correct statements? (A) (b, ¢, d) (B) (a, d) (©) (,c) (D) (a, ¢, d) 39. Work done during the given cycle is: PR (Pa vor Po. Vay ‘Po, 3¥0} (A) 4PV, (B) 2PV, 1 Ory (D) PV, 40. A given mass of gas expands from state Ato state B by 4 three paths, 1, 2 and 3, as shown in the figure. If Make sure you remember the Units and dimensions for the chapter’ Thaowon The pressure-temperature (P-T) graph for two proc - The pressure of a monoatomic gas increases line: respectively be the work done by the gas, paths, then: P| A, 1 B o v (a) W2W,>W, (B) WW, ©) W=-y, 4x 10° Nim to 8x10° Nim when its volume incre: 0.2 m? to 0.5 m? , The work done by the (A) 2.8x10°S (B) 1.8x10°5 (C) 18x10 (D) 1.8x10°3 Two identical samples of a gas are allowed to (j) isothermally and (ii) adiabatically. Work bee (A) more in the isothermal process. (B) more in the adiabatic process. (© equal in both processes. (D) None of the above. 0.04 mole of an ideal monatomic expand adiabatically so that itsfrom 800 K to 300 K. The work done du ‘uring expansion is nearly equal to 48. When an idea! diatomic gas is heated at constant, Dressure, the fraction ofthe heat energy supplied which e A (800 Ky increases the internal energy of the gas is? 2 3 AF ®) 5 (500 k) 2 2 B © 7 o> OD) v 49. ‘Two cylinders contain the same amount of an ideal monoatomic gns, The same amount of heat is given ‘Ay 12061 @ =1096) two cylinders, Ifthe temperature rise in cylinder A is Tp clea toes «then the temperature rise in cylinder B will be: 45, Anideal gas goes from A to B via two processes, | and een ee li, as shown. Ifand are the changes in internal energies in processes | and II, respectively, then (P: pressure. V: volume) Heat P I a an @) 27, A » 3. B OF 5% I 40. The specific heat of a gas in an isothermal process is. (A) Infinite (B) Zero v (© Negative (D) Remains constant - . 51. The volume (V) of a monatomic gas varies with its (A) AU,>4U, ——(B) AU, < AU, temperature (T), as shown in the graph, The ratio of (©) AU, = AU, (D) AU, < AU, work done by the gas to the heat absorbed by it when it 46, The incorrect relation is: (where symbols have their usual undergoes a change fiom state Ato state B will be: meanings) age (A) Cae (B) C=C, = 4 8 aU S (© Ue °o . Ifmmoles ofan ideal gas is heated at a constant pressure * F. from 50°C to 100°C, the increase in the internal energy 2 2 of the gas will be: (A) 5 Bs (ic 1 2 [ <-rand R =gas constant OF 5 52. The first law of thermodynamics is based on; () in (A) the concept of temperature. (B) the concept of conservation of energy. 250m/R (C) the concept of working of heat engine. @) =i (D) the concept of entropy:Q,and AU, =AU, =AU, 7% capacity are connected (A) Q? Q, and AU, =4U, =A, of equal capacity are 2 2 : ree A contains ss ce (8) 7S and AU, >AU, >4U, to each other via a sopoock A conn ay (0) =O" 5 standardtemperatre ant pressure B HONE 50, and AU,>AU; 240, | evacuated. The entre system is ae A any (0) Q? Sea kJ of work and receives 16 ky op the stopcock is suddenly opened, then the 1 kg of gas two states. The sevong intact energy of the gas i: Br tw tis expanded between sovesn the sain i ao (B) 5 ind of expansion can be found betwee ree is (35 ae ‘states, which requires a heat input of 9K). The 54. We consider a thermodynamic system. If "U represents and final by the gas in the second expansion will be: the increase in its internal energy and W the work done ‘work done by 6) 5 by the system, which ofthe following statements is true? (A320 iiss (A) 4U= ~ Win an isothermal process (aks diatomic gas in an isochoric (B) AU= W inan isothermal process 58 Heat is supplied to a diator i ate (C) AU= — Win an adiabatic process process. The ratio is: (symbols have usual (D) AU = W inan adiabatic process (As: (B) 5:2 55. Theletent heet of vaporisetion of weteris 2240.J/em. If (kl (D) 5:7 59. Asample of 0.1 g of water at 100°C and normal pressure the work done in the process of expansion of | g is 168 (1.013 x 10° Nm’) requires 54 cal of heat energy to J, then the increase in internal energy is: (A) 2408 5 (B) 22407 convert it into steam at 100°C. If the volume of the steam (©) 20727 (D) 19047 produced is 167.1 ee, then the change in internal energy 56. An ideal gas goes from state A to state B via three of the sample will be: different processes, as indicated in the P-V diagram. If (A) 1043.) (B) 208.7) Q,, Q,, Q, indicates the heat absorbed by the gas along (©) 42.25 (D) 84.55 the three processes and AU,, AU,,AU, indicates the 60, In an adiabatic expansion of'a gas, ifthe initial and final change in internal energy along the three processes temperatures are T,and T,, respectively, then the change respectively, then in internal energy of the gas is: oR oR (A) set 1) @ pe ah) (© mR(T-T,) — (D) Zero aoe SCAN FOR DETAILED SOLUTIONS6. 7. o> KTG AND THERMODYNAMICS ULTIMATE HANDPICKED QUESTIONS. 1. Whit 7 the following, is not a state (B) Freeenorgy (D) Enthalpy sIpy of formation of all elements in dard state is- (A) Internal energy (C)Work (A) Unity (B)Zero (C) Less (D) Different for each element 3. Thermodynamics isnot concemed about- (A) Energy changes involved in a chemical reaction (B) The extent to which a chemical reaction proceeds than zero (C) The rate at which a reaction proceeds (D) The feasibility ofa chemical reaction 4. The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 60.0 g of aluminium from 35°C to 55°C wouldbe- (Molar heat capacity of Alis24 J mol’ K~) The cortect statement among the following is- (A) The presence of reacting species in a covered beaker is an example of an open system. (B) There is an exchange of energy as well as matter between the system and the surroundings in a closed system. (C) The presence of reactants in a closed vessel made up of copper is an example of a closed system, (D) The presence ofrreactants ina thermos flask or any other closed insulated vessel is an example ofa closed system, Ifthe volume ofa gas is reduced to half from its original volume, then the specific heat will- (A) Reduce to half (B) Be Doubled (C)Remainconstant —_(D) Increasefour times Which among the following state functions ig an extensive property of the system? (A) Temperature (B) Volume (C) Refractive index (D) Viscosity Enthalpy Calculation Shortcut: Memorize standard e calculate enthalpy changes, : —_——. [Assertion (A):| Specific heat is an j property, (B) Both (A) and (R) are truc but (R) is ng correct explanation of (A). (A) is true but (R) is false. (D) Both (A) and (R)are false. 9. Assume each reaction is carried out in container. For which of the following reag will A Hbeequal to AU? (A)PCI(g)— PCI,(g)+Cl(g) (B) 2CO(g)+O0(g)— 2CO{g) (C) H2(g)+Br(g) + 2HBr(g) (D) C(s) +2H,O(g) + 2H,(g)+CO.(g) 10. Combustion of glucose takes place acco to the equation, C,H,.0, + 60, ~+ 6CO, + 6H,0, 4 H=— cal Energy required for the production of 1. glucoseis- (Molecular mass of glucose= 180 g) (A) 0.064 keal (B) 0.64 kcal (C)6.4keal (D) 64keal 11. For the following given equations and values, determine the enthalpy of rea 298K for the reaction- CHi(g)+ 6F, (g) + 2CF4(g)+4HF(@) Hi(g) + E.(g)— 2HF(g) AH®; =537kI 4 C(s)+2F,(g)—» CF4(g) AH; = 680k) 2c(s)+ 2H,(g) + C2H4(g) AH3= (A)-1165 (C) +1165 ihalpy of formation values for commonbond energies of Ox CCH nid eureles of Os Hand C 8.98 endl ashe sd 14, “Consider the following diagrant for 6 reaction, enthalpy change of the re; : see weet the reaction ewe Coa Icecn 1.48 keal (B)96 keat = ; 40 kcal (D)-152 kal =z——» 2 The nature ofthe reaction is: (A) Exothermie s P (B)Endothermic San (©)Reactionat equilibrium Pe (DyNone oftheabove 1S. As an isolated box, equally partitioned i contains two ideal gasses Agnel B as shown: R Time ——> When the partition is removed, the gases mis. The changes in enthalpy (AH) and entropy (AS) inthe process, respectively, are nt Vie kh (A) Zero, positive (B) Zero, negative (C)Positive, zero (D) Negative, zero 16, Consider the following diagram fora reaction Tine ——> Time ——> The nature of the reaction is (A) Exothermic (ByEndothermie (C)Reaetionatequilibeium (D)None ofthe above ans: Use Hess's Law to simplify enthalpy change catculations fer complen reactions. ticati Hess's Lew AppAH? =—74 Imo” The thermodynamic stability of NO,,, based on the sbove da (A) Less than NO,,, (B) MorethanNO,,,, (C)EqualtoNO,,, (D) Insufficient data For the reaction, 2N,(g)+O.(g}»2N,O(g), at 298AH is 164 kJ mol’ 298K The AF of the reaction is- (A) 166.5 kImol™ (B)141.5kJ mol (C) 104.0 Jmol" (D)-169kI mol” A piston filled with 0.04 mol of an ideal gas expands reversibly from 50,0 mL to375 mLata constant temperature of 37.0°C. As it does so, itabsorbs 208 J of heat. The values of q and w for the process will be- (R=8314 Jmol K) (In 7.5 =2.01) (A)q=+208J, w=-208 (B)q=-2081, (C)g=-2081, (D)q=+2085, w= +208] 20. Work done in an irreversible isothermal process at constant volume iszero. [aw (A): | Reason (R): Work is assigned a negative sign during expansion and is assigned a positive sign during compression. (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). jee ailatl an OLE ae lee oe eee |(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (C) (A)is irae but(R)is false, (D) Both(A) and(R)arefulse, ~~ 137 + Eniropy Considerations: Use entropy changete determine the deg 21. or the graph given below, it ean be cone that work done during the process show yg, be- Pp vy, Volume (V) vi (A)Zero (B) Negative (Positive (D) Cannotbe determined 22. Which of the following is correct for isothenng] | expansion of an ideal gas (AYW y= We ®)W,,+W,.=0 OW? Wr (D) Ge.= Qa 23, N,+3H,—+2NHy A,H°=—92.4k) mol” The standard enthalpy of formation inthe above reaction would be- (A)=92:4 Into!" (B)-46.2k (C)+46.2 Jmol" (D)+92fom the folowing bond energy i—Hbond en * nd ene 43137 mo EA wel tron i ens vb tas oxide at a r : nd a 606.10 mot! SOnstant pressure, 29.28 kd ofheatisevolved € bond energy: 336, 49 1 Che e1 BY 336.49 Kh mor The enthalpy of formation of ferric oxide will Hbond energy: 410.50kt mai be inthalpy for the reaction, (Abnass of Fe~56)2 HOH Ha (A)-81.9815 ed (B)-819 8k3 ed (©4099 C=C#H-H—+y_ ta teeter (D) +819.849 vi 29. The standard enthalpy a of the formation of CH OH, from the follow. ‘ing data is: fill be: ) 1523.6 kJ mol ')-120.0kJ mol CHSOHy) + 30,(g) + CO,{g) + 2H,0y = ~726kJ mol-* \ (B)-243.6 ki mol (D)553.0kI mol 298K) of | ‘ (298K) of methanol 8 given by the | C(S) + O2(g) + CO,(Q); AH’ = - 393k) moi jemical equation - ee ag )C(diamond)+3 0,424, CH,OH Hao) + 2029 > He0.y; A yH" = - 286K mol (A)-239 kJ mol (B)+239kJ mol" +2H, CH,OH (C)-47 kJ mol" (D)+47kI mol" } enthalpy of formation of CO(g),CO,(g), 30: The enthalpies of formation of ALO,and CxO, ,0( g), and N,O,(g) are—110 kJ mot" 393 are ~ 1596 KJ and — 1134 kJ, respectively. AH Snake oe an oo ee forthereaction2Al + Cr,0,— 2Cr+A1,0, ise spectively. (A)=1365 ks (B)2730k5 the value of A.H forthe reaction would be- (C)-2730K (D)-462k .0,(g)+3CO(g)—+N,O(g)+3CO,(g) 31. The enthalpy and entropy change for the . - reaction: )-777.7kimol — (B) +777. 7k mol Br(l) +Ch(e) = 2BrCl(z) +824, Smal eae are 30k mot" and 105K mot respectively. ich of the following is not an endothermic The temperature at which the reaction will bein action? equilibriumis: ) Combustion of methane (A)285.7K (B)2734K ) Decomposition of water (Cane ()3001K ) Dehydrogenation of ethane or ethylene ) Conversion of graphite to diamond equilibrium constants. ‘Apply the Van't Hoff equation to determine temporature-cependent a 't Hoff Equation Utility: Apy3 35. For the reaction, 2Ci/g), CHR) the Value 32. re respectively ~ sAS=—ve (B)AH=0,Ag.4 AS=—ve (D)AH=+ve AS=+ve [ Assertion (A):| A liquid crystallizes into a solid id is accompanied by a deerease | 36, Match the following parameters wit, (A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct] description for spontaneity. tion of ( n (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the (Parameters) Description a ArH? ArS°ArG® A+-+ 1. Non-spontaneous at high temperature B.--+athighT |2. Spontaneous at ss = ratures | (A) Crystallization of sucrose from solution ew (B) Rusting of iron ns e-Non-sponiancous ‘at. 4) temperatures (C) Melting ofice _ are - (D) Vaporization of camphor Codes 34. Match the following process with entropy Sialic change ae = (A)} 3) 11 2 Reaction Entropy change A. Aliquid vaporizes 1,AS=0 eyes YEON vi\NMERD pe | B. Reaction is _non- | 2.AS=positive OL 1] 3 [2 spontancous at all )3}2ti temperatures and AH is positive C. Reversible expansion | 3.AS=negative | 37 The entropy change in the isot age from 10to 100 Lat300K is ‘odes (A)42.3)KT a CF (O38.3)K" ofan ideal gas | reversible expansion of 2 moles of an ided jal 2 38. Change in entropy isnegative for: (By | (A) Bromine (1) Bromine(g) |O} 1} B)C(s)+H,O(g) > i iat ate (B)C(s)+H,0(g) > CO(g) (C)N,g.10 atm) N2(g,1 (D) Fe( Imol, 400K) Phase Equilibrium Recognitimole of an ideal gas ay reversibly The chang, 43 jolume A) 19.1 SK mor C)22.15JK" mor! )) None of the above ssertion: Dissolution of sugar in w, an increase in entropy ieee ater piled hard. /\) Both assertion & reason are true and the reason is the Coneet explanation of the assertion B) Both assertion & reason are true but the r !son 1s not the correct explanation of the assertion, 45, (C) Assertion is a true statement but reason is fals 1D) Both assertion statements. and reason are false he values of AH and AS for the reaction, iw) * CO(Z)>2COG) are 170 kJ and 170 IK ~', respectively. This reaction will be spontaneous at: (A) 10K (B)910K C) 110K (D)519K ‘hich of the following statements ane ersible process ina state of equilibrium? (A) G=-2.30RT log K B)G=2.30RTlogK (C)G=-2.30RT logK D)G=2.30RT log K 44, FRE 2 Hydrolysis of sucrose is p Teaction H e Sucrose + 1,6 .40¢ Whe equilibria K, the Will be mn comstant (K. (A)8.314 Jmol” k (B) 8.31 2300K « Inta 4 Smol" K"~ 300K 1n(3 16 (C)-8.314) mot KO 300K (D)-8.314J mol K" ~ 300K « in(2. 14 The equilibrium constant for a rex Thevalue of AG? wills (R=8.314JK' mol’ :T (A)~S.74kJ mol (B) (C)+4.57kJ mot” (D)-S7. 445 The standard free © of kJ/mol) at 298 K are -237.2, 394.4 H,0()), CO (g), and pentane (gy The value of Be, for the pentane cellis (A) 1.1968 V (B)2.0968 V (C)1.0968V (D)0.0968V 300K) 5.743m