CHINA

Pamela Mullo
Jael Ponce
Ambar Vásquez
Stefanny Oyasa
Carol Palacios
Samuel Villacís
 1. GEOGRAPICH LOCATION
China is located in East Asia and is the world's fourth-largest
country by area. It borders 14 countries
 2. POPULATION
China has the largest population in the world, with over 1.4 billion people. It is
characterized by a wide variety of ethnic groups, with the Han Chinese being the
largest.
 3. LANGUAGE
The official language of China is Mandarin Chinese (Putonghua), which is spoken
by the majority of the population.
 4. RELIGION
China is a multi-religious country with a rich spiritual heritage. The main religions
include Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism.
 5. TYPICAL
CLOTHING
Hanfu: Ancient attire worn by the
Han Chinese, characterized by long
robes with wide sleeves.

Qipao (Cheongsam): A close-

fitting dress with a high collar and
side slits, popular among women.
5. TYPICAL CLOTHING

Tangzhuang: Traditional jackets

often worn during festivals and
formal occasions.
6. SPECIAL TRADITIONS
CHINESE NEW YEAR:
The most important festival, celebrated with
family reunions, feasts, fireworks, and red
envelopes (hongbao) containing money.

MID-AUTUMN FESTIVAL:
Celebrated with mooncakes and family
gatherings, honoring the moon and harvest.

DRAGON BOAT FESTIVAL:

Marked by dragon boat races and eating
zongzi (sticky rice wrapped in bamboo
leaves).
7.INDIVIDUALISM VS.
COLLECTIVISM:
China is a collectivist society where the
group, family, and community take
precedence over individual desires.
Loyalty to family and community is
highly valued.
8. POWER DISTANCE
China has a high power distance culture, where
hierarchy and respect for authority are deeply
ingrained. Decisions are often made by senior leaders.

9. UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE
This country tends to have moderate uncertainty
avoidance. There is respect for tradition, but also a
pragmatic approach to adapting to change and
modernity.

10. MASCULINITY VS. FEMININITY

China leans towards a masculine society, with an
emphasis on success, competition, and achievement.
However, values like harmony and family are also
important.
 11. LONG-TERM VS.
SHORT-TERM
ORIENTATION
China has a strong long-term
orientation, emphasizing
perseverance, thrift, and long-term
planning.
12. INDULGENCE VS.
RESTRAINT
This country is considered a
restrained society where strict
social norms govern behavior, and
indulgence is controlled.
 13. COMMUNICATION STYLE
High-context communication is prevalent, with an
emphasis on implicit messages, body language, and
maintaining harmony.

14. TIME ORIENTATION

Time is viewed flexibly, and relationships are prioritized
over strict schedules. People handle multiple tasks at
once and adapt to changes easily, valuing personal
connections more than rigid adherence to timelines

15. SOCIAL STRUCTURE

Strong emphasis on family, extended family, and social
hierarchy. The concept of "face" (mianzi) and respect
for elders play critical roles.
 16. ART LITERATURE
Rich traditions in painting,
calligraphy, literature, opera, and
contemporary arts. Notable
contributions include classical
poetry and modern literature.

17. CUISINE
Diverse culinary practices with
regional variations. Staple foods
include rice, noodles, and a
variety of vegetables and meats.
Dim sum, Peking duck, and hot
pot are popular dishes.
18. Gender roles:
Traditional gender roles are evolving. While men
traditionally held more authority, women are increasingly
taking on leadership roles in various sectors.

19. Work Ethic and Practices:

Hard work, discipline, and loyalty to the company are
highly valued. There is a strong emphasis on education
and continuous improvement

20. Education and Knowledge:

Education is highly valued, with a rigorous and
competitive system. Academic success is often seen as
a path to social mobility.
 21. HOSPITALITY AND 22. HEALTH AND
SOCIAL ETIQUETTE WELLNESS:

Hospitality is an important cultural Both Western medicine and

value. Greetings often include a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
handshake, and it’s customary to are practiced. TCM includes
bring a small gift when visiting acupuncture, herbal medicine, and
someone’s home. tai chi.
23. BASIC NEGOTIATION PARAMETERS
Relationship Building: Building trust and a Hierarchy and Respect: Respect for
personal relationship is crucial. Expect to hierarchy and age is important. Senior
engage in small talk and social activities. members usually lead negotiations.

Indirect Communication: Chinese Patience and Persistence: Negotiations

negotiators often use indirect can be lengthy. Patience and persistence
communication and may avoid saying are key, as Chinese negotiators take time
"no" directly. to consider all aspects.
 23. BASIC NEGOTIATION PARAMETERS
Face and Harmony: Preserving face Formalities and Etiquette: Formality
(mianzi) and maintaining harmony are in meetings, including the use of titles
essential. Avoid confrontational tactics. and proper greetings, is important.

Guanxi (Connections): Leveraging Gift Giving: While gift-giving is common,

personal networks and connections it should be done thoughtfully and
(guanxi) is a significant factor in appropriately, considering the cultural
business dealings. norms.
 REFERENCES
GOODWIN, R., & TANG, C. S. K. (1996). CHINESE PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS
GOLD, T. B. (1985). AFTER COMRADESHIP: PERSONAL RELATIONS IN CHINA
SINCE THE CULTURAL REVOLUTION. THE CHINA QUARTERLY, 104, 657-675.
ISO 690
CHINA. (2024). REPÚBLICA POPULAR CHINA. WIKIPEDIA, LA ENCICLOPEDIA
LIBRE.
HTTPS://ES.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/REP%C3%BABLICA_POPULAR_CHINA
CHINA’S TRADITIONAL CULTURAL VALUES AND NATIONAL IDENTITY. (N.D.).
CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE.
HTTPS://CARNEGIEENDOWMENT.ORG/RESEARCH/2013/11/CHINAS-
TRADITIONAL-CULTURAL-VALUES-AND-NATIONAL-IDENTITY?LANG=EN
THANK YOU