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Must Know Math Grade 7 Wendy Hanks full chapter instant download
Must Know Math Grade 7 Wendy Hanks full chapter instant download
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Copyright © 2020 by McGraw Hill. All rights reserved. Except as
permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of
this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by
any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the
prior written permission of the publisher.
ISBN: 978-1-26-046691-1
MHID: 1-26-046691-4
The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this
title: ISBN: 978-1-26-046690-4, MHID: 1-26-046690-6.
TERMS OF USE
Introduction
The Flashcard App
Author’s Note
2 Fractions
Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Equivalent Fractions
Comparing and Ordering Fractions
Adding and Subtracting Fractions
Multiplying Fractions
Reducing Fractions
Dividing Fractions
Exercises
3 Decimals
Place Value and Rounding
Comparing and Ordering Decimals
Adding and Subtracting Decimals
Multiplying Decimals
Dividing Decimals
Converting Between Decimals and Fractions
Exercises
4 Percents
Converting Between Percents and Decimals
Converting Between Percents and Fractions
Calculating Percent
Interest
Discounts, Taxes, and Tips
Discounts
Tax
Tips
Percent Increase and Decrease
Exercises
9 Data Presentation
Bar Graphs
Line Graphs
Circle Graphs
Stem-and-Leaf Plots
Box-and-Whisker Plots
Histograms
Tree Diagrams
Venn Diagrams
Comparing Data Distributions
Exercises
10 Statistics
Sampling
Measures of Central Tendency
Mean Absolute Deviation
Probability
Using Graphs for Probability
Probability Models
Permutations and Combinations
Exercises
11 Geometry Fundamentals
Points, Lines, Line Segments, and Rays
Angles
Intersecting and Parallel Lines
Exercises
12 Geometric Figures
Triangles
Quadrilaterals
Polygons
Circles
Surface Area
Volume
Geometric Transformations
Exercises
Answer Key
Introduction
W
elcome to your new math book! Let us try to explain why we
believe you’ve made the right choice. You’ve probably had
your fill of books asking you to memorize lots of terms (such
as in school). This book isn’t going to do that—although you’re
welcome to memorize anything you take an interest in. You may also
have found that a lot of books make a lot of promises about all the
things you’ll be able to accomplish by the time you reach the end of
a given chapter. In the process, those books can make you feel as
though you missed out on the building blocks that you actually need
to master those goals.
With Must Know Math Grade 7, we’ve taken a different approach.
When you start a new chapter, right off the bat you will immediately
see one or more must know ideas. These are the essential
concepts behind what you are going to study, and they will form the
foundation of what you will learn throughout the chapter. With these
must know ideas, you will have what you need to hold it together
as you study, and they will be your guide as you make your way
through each chapter.
To build on this foundation, you will find easy-to-follow
discussions of the topic at hand, accompanied by comprehensive
examples that show you how to apply what you’re learning to
solving typical 7th-grade math questions. Each chapter ends with
review questions—350+ throughout the book—designed to instill
confidence as you practice your new skills.
This book has other features that will help you on this math
journey of yours. It has a number of sidebars that will either
provide helpful information or just serve as a quick break from
your studies. The sidebars (“by the way”) point out
important information, as well as tell you what to be careful about
math-wise. Every once in a while, an sidebar (“in real life”)
will tell you what you’re studying has to do with the real world;
other IRLs may just be interesting factoids.
T
his book features a bonus flashcard app. It will help you test
yourself on what you’ve learned as you make your way through
the book (or in and out of it). It includes 100-plus “flashcards,”
both “front” and “back.” It gives you two options as to how to use it.
You can jump right into the app and start from any point that you
want. Or you can take advantage of the handy QR codes at the end
of each chapter in the book; they will take you directly to the
flashcards related to what you’re studying at the moment.
To take advantage of this bonus feature, follow these easy steps:
Author’s Note
T
his book continues your study of many topics you learned in
grade school, but my real goal is to begin preparing you for
high school–level math. In 7th grade, we concentrate on ratios
and rates, especially unit rate and graphing rates. You will also learn
more about data presentations, measures of central tendency, and
probability. We will expand your knowledge of equations and
inequalities and of geometry.
As a teacher, I like to focus on real-world applications for
mathematics. I want you to see how learning these concepts can
help you as you move into your adult life. When you are done with
this book, you will know how to calculate discounts, taxes, tips, and
interest. You’ll be a terrific shopper! I never liked classes in which I
could not figure out when or how I would ever use what we were
learning. I hope you will find this book to be a practical, useful tool.
Many example questions throughout the chapter walk you
through, step by step, how to find the answer to the question. If you
think you already know how to answer a question, feel free to try it
on your own before you read the explanation. But do read the
explanation: you might learn a shortcut or a bit of information that
you didn’t already know that can help you with similar questions. At
the end of each chapter, there are many more practice questions for
you to attempt on your own. Answers and explanations for those
appear at the end of the book. There is also an app with flashcard
questions for each chapter of the book, so you can even practice on
the go.
Remember that learning math is a process. You won’t always
know the answers right away. Some concepts take patience to learn
and practice to master. This is your book, so use it. Write notes for
yourself, highlight important ideas. Work the questions in a separate
notebook so that you can rework them later for more practice. If you
make a mistake, don’t worry about it. Mistakes are part of the
learning process. Don’t give up. Read the explanation and try again.
When you are done with a chapter, look back over it and ask
yourself if you feel totally comfortable with all the topics in the
chapter. Reread the must know concepts from the beginning of the
chapter to be sure that you do, in fact, know them. I hope you enjoy
conquering 7th grade math!
1 Rational Number Properties
MUST KNOW
A rational number is any number that can be written as a
fraction with integers in the numerator and denominator.
This includes all integers and both finite and repeating
decimals.
Y
ou may remember that a whole number is like a counting
number. The set of whole numbers starts at 0 and goes on
forever. The set looks like this:
{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 …}
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
EXAMPLE
Add the two partial products to find the total product. 156 +
780 = 936.
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“Go. Washington.
“Mr. Jefferson.”
Dr. Rittenhouse executed this high trust with great ability and
unimpeachable integrity, during three years; at the expiration of
which he resigned it, on the 30th of June, 1795. He had, long before,
expressed his anxious wish to retire from this station; but continued
in office until that time, on the solicitation of the President and at the
earnest desire of Mr. Jefferson.
“To those who know the President of the United States well,—who
know the caution with which he is accustomed to speak, and that he
possesses the talent of correctly estimating, as well as vigorously
overcoming, the difficulties which present themselves in every
circumstance of business,—this would rescue any character from the
unqualified censure of the members of the house of representatives.
But I will go further, and will shew the grounds on which the
President formed his judgment, so that every man may form his own
opinion.”
The Jacobin Club of Paris was one of these political engines of the
French revolution, for some time after its commencement; and,
perhaps, that assembly contained many worthy members, originally,
although it afterwards became notoriously infamous, by the
monstrous enormity of the crimes it countenanced and produced.
Whatever, therefore, may have been the real views and intentions
of some of the members of the Democratic Society which was
formed in Philadelphia, in 1793,—even if those of a majority of their
number were highly unjustifiable,—no imputation, unfavourable to
Dr. Rittenhouse’s character, either as a good citizen or an upright
man, could in the smallest degree be attached to him, by reason of
his having been chosen a President of that body, at the time of its
organization.[279]
On the 7th of August 1783, and after peace had been proclaimed,
congress unanimously passed a resolution in the following words
——“Resolved, That an equestrian statue of General Washington be
erected at the place where the residence of Congress shall be
established;—that the statue be of bronze: the General to be
represented in a Roman dress, holding a truncheon in his right hand,
and his head, encircled with a laurel wreath. The Statue to be
supported by a marble pedestal, on which are to be represented, in
basso relievo, the following principal events of the war, in which
General Washington commanded in person: the evacuation of
Boston;—the capture of the Hessions, at Trenton;—the battle of
Princeton;—the action of Monmouth;—and the surrender of York.—
On the upper part of the front of the pedestal, to be engraved as
follows: “The United States in Congress assembled ordered this
Statue to be erected, in the year of our Lord 1783, in honour of
George Washington, the illustrious Commander in Chief of the
Armies of the United States of America, during the war which
vindicated and secured their Liberty, Sovereignty and
Independence.”[281]
Some time in the summer of the year 1794 (if the Writer’s
recollection be correct,) our benevolent philosopher having occasion
to view the canal, intended to form a communication between the
waters of the Delaware and the Schuylkill, invited Mr. Ceracchi to
accompany him, for the purpose of examining the quality of the
marble in the great quarries of that material, situated near the margin
of the latter river, in the vicinity of the western end of the canal. The
Memorialist joined in this little excursion, during which, Dr.
Rittenhouse was, as usual, communicative, cheerful and instructive.
“Sir,
“My worthy friend, Mr. John Miller, son of the eminent professor,
John Miller, of Glasgow, whom I recommend to your attention, has
charged himself with this letter, and will deliver to you a Writing-Box,
which I dedicate to your use, as President of the Philosophical
Society at Philadelphia, and to your successors in office, as a
testimony of my high esteem for your literary character and for that
of the Society over which you preside.
“This Box is made of Yew, of Black Cherry tree, and Acacia and
Barberry, and veneered with Holly; all the growth of my garden at
this place, and joined, fitted and finished, by my own joiner, in this
house.