OUTLINE: VIRAL INFECTIONS; Viral Exanthems

VIRAL INFECTIONS: MACULOPAPULAR RASHES Maculopapular rashes

Dr. E. Gallardo o Measles
o Roseola infantum
PRELIM QUIZ 1 o Rubella
o Erythema infectiosum
MACULO- PERIOD OF
MODE OF INCUBATION
PAPULAR COMMUNICA- PRODROMAL EXANTHEMATOUS CONVALESCENT DIAGNOSIS COMPLICATIONS TREATMENT
TRANSMISSION PERIOD
RASHES BILITY
 Direct contact w/ 8 – 12 days  1-2 days  Dry cough, coryza,  2-3 days  Branny  Clinical  Otitis media  supportive
infectious droplet before onset conjunctivitis ( 3C)  High grade fever desquamation and IgM  Pneumonia  antibiotics
 airborne  4-5 days  Koplik spots- gray  Cephalocaudal rash brownish  LTB  vitamin A
MEASLES
after white  Encephalitis
(Rubeola)
appearance  SSPE (not  Prevention: MRSIA (6-
of rash contagious) 9 months); MMR
 Myocarditis vaccine
 conjunctivitis
 Direct/ droplet 14-21  7 days  Mild catarrhal  Fever or none  Clinical  Encephalitis  Supportive
contact days before  Tender LAD  Mild conjunctivitis  IgM  Thrombocytopenic  MMR vaccine
RUBELLA  Nasopharyngeal  7-8 days (retroauricular, post w/o photophobia  4 fold increase in purpura  Prevention: contact
(post-natal/ secretions, blood, after cervical, post-  Polyarthralgia in IgG  Panencephalitis isolation
German) urine, feces occipital) older females  CRS
 Forscheimer spots-
rose colored spots at
soft palate
 Transplacental  As long as  IUGR, PDA,   PCR/isolation-   Active: Live rubella
RUBELLA primary viremia viral shedding blueberry muffin best vaccine, MMR
(Congenital during occurs  TRIAD:  IgM  Passive: Ig via IM
Rubella pregnancy; 12 microcephaly and  TORRCH test
Syndrome) wks= 85% deafness, PDA,
cataract
 Direct contact 4-14 days  Before  Fever, malaise,  Slapped cheek   clinical   Supportive
 Percutaneous onset of rash myalgia, headache (circumoral pallor)  IgM parvovirus  IVIG
 Vertical  Symmetric, lace like,  Prevention:
ERYTHEMA
transmission pruritic rash ( handwashing; no
INFECTIOSUM
th centrifugal (-) vaccine available
(5 disease)
desquamation, (+)
polyarthropathy)
 Chronic anemia,
ROSEOLA  Asymptomatic 9-10 days   High grade fever  Nagayama spots-   Clinical   Supportive
INFANTUM shedding thru (HPV6)  Rash appears when uvulopalatoglossal  4 fold rise PCR  Gancyclovir
th
(6 disease) saliva fever disappears ulcers in Asian  No vaccine available
*HPV 6&7, infants
Echovirus16
*infancy

Notetakers: Edzel Estrella, Arianne Gamboa, Jessica dela Pena, Kamille David, Nikka Apostol