IOAOCOL

PTOHREJTIOPJT

Ioto Auckol = Igskh Ckstrka KK

@jsgh Vghnoipu = Iuloiio`, RP, I.Rb

@ksusuh Jcgl =

Ork Oerkzoc
(?;6?766;2)

MWTWROH PGAHKA GCGAPTJ

EOAWCPOR PGAHKA
WHKUGTRKPOR IOCKAWRROCGL
464?
 Aoto Vghnohtor

Vumk syuaur aglo`krot Occol R^P yohn tgcol igckipolaoh roliot `oh lk`oyol-Hyo.
Rglkhnno aoik, sgcoau pghyusuh tgcol ighygcgsokaoh pgiduotoh ioaocol yohn dgrmu`uc
–PTOHREJTIOPJT’ tgpot po`o woatuhyo.
Ioaocol khk `kduot sgdonok socol sotu tunos `ork ioto auckol Igskh Ckstrka KK. @oh aoik
ighyusuh khk dgrtumuoh uhtua igidgrkaoh pgidolosoh tghtohn pgragidohnoh Igskh Ckstrka
KK. Rgcokh ktu, ioaocol khk muno dgrtumuoh uhtua ighoidol wowosoh tghtohn trohsejriotjr `oh
mghks-mghkshyo donk poro pgidobo `oh muno donk pghucks.

Iuhnakh `ocoi pghyusuhoh ioaocol khk, ioskl dohyoa tgr`opot agaurohnoh `oh
agsocoloh yohn tk`oa aoik so`ork. Jcgl aorgho ktu, aoik igikhto iooe yohn sgdgsor‒dgsorhyo
otos agaurohnoh yohn o`o `ocoi ioaocol khk, aoik ighnloropaoh arktkaoh `oh soroh yohn
igidohnuh uhtua pgidgcomoroh sgcohmuthyo.
Oalkr aoto, aoik ighnubopaoh tgrkio aoskl agpo`o sgiuo pkloa yohn tgcol su`k

akrohyo igidgrk sgdonkoh pghngtoluohhyo, sglkhnno aoik `opot ighygcgsokaoh ioaocol khk.
Rgijno ioaocol khk igidgrk ioheoot agpo`o akto sgiuo .

Cljasguiowg, Hjvgidgr 464?

Vghucks

k
 @oetor Ksk

LOCOIOH MW@WC .............................................

...................................................................
............................................
....................................................... k
.................................
Aoto Vghnohtor ........................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................kk
@oetor Ksk..................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................. kkk

DOD K VGH@OLWCWOH
VGH@OLWCWOH ....................
...........................................
.............................................
............................................
.............................................
............................
..... ?
O. Cotor Dgcoaohn.....................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................... ?
D. Tuiusoh Iosocol ..........................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
..................... ?
B. Ioheoot `oh Pumuoh ............................................................................................
............................................................................................................................
................................ ?

DOD KK VGIDOLOROH .................................................

....................................................................................................................
.............................................................................
.......... 4
O. Vghngrtkoh Prohsejriotjr
Pro hsejriotjr .......................................................................
..................................................................................................................
........................................... 4
D. Vrkhskp
Vrk hskp Agrmo Prohsejriotjr
Prohsej riotjr ................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................ 2
B. Mghks Agrunkoh @ocoi Prohsejriotjr ..................................................................................................
.................................................................................................. 0
@. Mghks-Mghks Prohsejriotjr ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 0
G. Donkoh Donkoh Prohsejriotjr
‒ .
………………………… …………… ……… ……….……………………………………… . . .. ?4

E. Opckaosk
O pckaosk Prohsejriotjr ......................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................... ?7

DOD KKK VGHWPWV ........................................................

...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................
........ ?5
O. Agskipucoh.............................................................
...................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................
..... ?5
D. Roroh ..............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................
................... ?5

@OEPOT VWRPOAO ......................................................

.........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................
........ ?>

kk
 DOD K

VGH@OLWCWOH

O. Cotor Dgcoaohn
Prohsejriotjr igrupoaoh suotu ocot ckstrka yohn tgriosua ag `ocoi acoskekaosk igskh
ckstrka stotkb yohn dgreuhnsk ighyocuraoh tghono/`oyo ckstrka `ork tgnohnoh tkhnnk ag tgnohnoh
rgh`ol `oh sgdockahyo. Otou `opot muno `kortkaoh ighnudol tgnohnoh orus djcoa-docka `ork sotu
tkhnaot ag tkhnaot yohn cokh igcocuk suotu noh`ghnoh ionhgt `oh dgr`osoraoh prkhskp-prkhskp
kh`uask-gcgatrjionhgt. Prohsejriotjr tgr`krk otos sgduol khtk, yohn tgrduot `ork dgsk dgrcopks
`oh `uo duol auiporoh, yoktu auiporoh prkigr `oh auiporoh sgauh`gr.

Prohsejriotjr o`ocol ocot yohn `knuhoaoh uhtua ighnudol tgnohnoh djcoa-docka (OB)
`ork suotu hkcok tgrtghtu ag hkcok yohn akto khnkhaoh. Prohsejriotjr tgr`krk `ork auiporoh prkigr
`oh auiporoh sgauh`gr yohn `kksjcosk (tgrpksol) sgboro ckstrka `oh `kckcktaoh po`o khtk dgsk cuhoa.
Khtk dgsk cuhoa `kduot `ork pgcot yohn dgrcopks-copks uhtua ighnurohnk `oyo lkcohn aorgho orus
pusor (Aohnkhoh, 4666).

Prohsejriotjr Orus O`ocol troej yohn `knuhoaoh uhtua ighnoidkc khput `oto iosuaoh
dgrupo dgsoroh orus `ghnoh boro pgrdoh`khnoh dgcktoh po`o dgcktoh prkigr otou sgauh`gr. Proej
khk dkoso `knuhoaoh uhtua pghnuauroh toa cohnsuhn dgdoh orus yohn ighnockr ag pgcohnnoh
agiu`koh igidotoskhyo. Rgcokh ktu dkso muno dgsoroh orushyo `koidkc sgdonok khput `oto
iosuaoh pgrocotoh pghnoioh morkhnoh.

Prohsejriotjr `knuhoaoh sgboro cuos, doka `ocoi dk`ohn tghono ckstrka ioupuh
gcgatrjhkao. Vghnnuhooh trohsejriotjr `ocoi skstgi tghono ckstrka igiuhnakhaoh tgrpkcklhyo
tgnohnoh yohn sgsuok `oh gajhjiks uhtua tkop-tkop agpgrcuoh, iksochyo agdutuloh oaoh
tgnohnoh tkhnnk `ocoi pghnkrkioh `oyo ckstrka moroa moul.

D. Tuiusoh Iosocol
Dgrkaut khk o`ocol ruiusoh iosocol yohn oaoh `kpoporaoh `ocoi pgidolosoh =

?. Opo ktu trohsejriotjr:

4. Opoaol euhnsk `ork pghnnuhooh Prohsejriotjr:

2. Donokiohoaol prkhskp agrmo `ork Prohsejriotjr:
0. Opo somo mghks `ork trohsejriotjr:
7. Ighnopo trohsejriotjr ighnnuhoaoh orus OB duaoh @B:

B. Ioheoot `oh Pumuoh

O`opuh tumuoh `ork pgiduotoh ioaocol khk yoktu uhtua ighoidol pghngtoluoh `oh
igioloik opo ktu trohsejriotjr `oh muno mghkshyo. Ioheoot pgiduotoh ioaocol khk yoktu
pgidobo `opot ighngtoluk tghtohn opo ktu trohsejriotjr, donokioho prkhskp
prk hskp agrmo `ork sgduol
trohsejriotjr, `oh mghks-mghks `ork trohsejriotjr

?
 DOD KK

VGIDOLOROH

O. Vghngrtkoh Prohsejriotjr
Prohsejriotjr otou sgrkhn muno `ksgdut troej o`ocol ajipjhgh gcgatrjhkao poske yohn
dgreuhnsk uhtua ighnudol (ighokaaoh/ighuruhaoh) tgnohnohnoh ckstrka djcoa-docka (OB).
Dghtua `osor trohsejriotjr o`ocol sgposohn umuhn po`o donkoh prkigr `oh sgposohn umuhn po`o
donkoh sgauh`gr. Donkoh prkigr `oh sauh`gr o`ocol igrupoaoh ckcktoh aowot yohn tk`oa
dgrluduhnoh sgboro gcgatrks. Ag`uo ckcktoh aowot khk `kckcktaoh po`o sgduol khtk yohn `khoioaoh
khtk troej. ( ]uloc, @osor Pghono Ckstrka, KPD Doh`uhn, ?;;?).

Prohsejriotjr o`ocol ocot yohn `knuhoaoh uhtua ighnudol tgnohnoh djcoa-docka (OB)
`ork suotu hkcok tgrtghtu ag hkcok yohn akto khnkhaoh. Prohsejriotjr tgr`krk `ork auiporoh prkigr
`oh auiporoh sgauh`gr yohn `kksjcosk (tgrpksol) sgboro ckstrka `oh `kckcktaoh po`o khtk dgsk cuhoa.
Khtk dgsk cuhoa `kduot `ork pgcot yohn dgrcopks-copks uhtua ighnurohnk `oyo lkcohn aorgho orus
pusor (Aohnkhoh, 4666).

Proej, o`ocol pgrohnaot ckstrka poske yohn ightrohsegr ghgrnk ckstrka `ork sotu rohnaokoh
ckstrka ag yohn cokh, otou dgdgropo rohnaokoh. Orus yohn dgrvorkosk `ocoi sgtkop auiporoh
trohsejriotjr ighnloskcaoh ecuas ionhgt yohn dgrvorkosk `ocoi khtk trohsejriotjr, yohn
ighnkh`uask noyo ngroa ckstrka yohn dgrvorkosk po`o auiporoh cokh yohn igckckt po`o khtk yohn
soio. Ghgrnk ckstrka `opot `ktrohsegr ohtoro auiporoh yohn tgrpksol tohpo ajhgask cjnoi
(ajh`uatke) ohtoro ag`uo skraukt. Luaui kh`uask Eoro`oy, `ktgiuaoh po`o toluh ?<2?,
ighmgcosaoh gega tgnohnoh yohn `kkh`uask `ocoi sgtkop auiporoh aorgho pgrudoloh ecuas
ionhgt yohn `kagckckhnk jcgl auiporoh.

Prohsejriotjr otou troej o`ocol ocot yohn igikh`olaoh tghono ckstrka ohtor `uo
rohnaokoh ckstrka otou cgdkl igcocuk kh`uask gcgatrjionhgtka. Prohsejriotjr otou troej
`knuhoaoh uhtua ighokaaoh otou ighuruhaoh tgnohnoh orus ckstrka.
ckstrk a.

Vgrohnaot khk `kpgrcuaoh aorgho ocot gcgatrjhka igigrcuaoh tgnohnoh tgrtghtu onor
`opot dgagrmo. Iksochyo coipu ckstrka `k ruiol
r uiol igigrcuaoh tgnohnoh 446 Ujct.

4
D. Vrkhskp Agrmo Prohsejriotjr
Vrkhskp agrmo `ork sgduol trohsejriotjr o`ocol sgdonok dgrkaut. Agtkao Auiporoh prkigr
`kluduhnaoh `ghnoh suidgr tgnohnoh djcoa-docka, pgrudoloh orus ckstrka po`o auiporoh
prkigr ighkiducaoh
ighkiducaoh ig`oh ionhgt
ionhgt yohn dgrudol. Ig`oh ionhgt yohn dgrudol `kpgrauot jcgl
o`ohyo khtk dgsk `oh `klohtoraoh khtk dgsk ag auiporoh sgauh`gr, sglkhnno po`o umuhn-umuhn
auiporoh sgauh`gr oaoh tkiduc nnc kh`uask. Gega khk `khoioaoh kh`uatohsk tkidoc-docka
(iutuoc kh`ubtohbg).

Vo`o sagio trohsejriotjr `k otos, agtkao orus ckstrka `ork suidgr tgnohnoh yohn
ighnockr po`o auiporoh prkigr dgrdocka orol (dgrudol pjcorktoshyo) ig`oh ionhgt yohn
`kloskcaoh oaoh dgrudolorol sglkhnno orus ckstrka yohn `kloskcaoh po`o auiporoh sgauh`gr
oaoh dgrudol pjcorktoshyo.

Luduhnoh ohtoro tgnohnoh prkigr, muicol ckcktoh prkigr,tgnohnoh sgauh`gr, `oh muicol
ckcktoh sgauh`gr, `opot `khyotoaoh `ocoi pgrsoiooh=

 9 
 
@kioho=

Up 9 tgnohnoh prkigr (vjct)

Us 9 tgnohnoh sgauh`gr (vjct)
Hp 9 muicol ckcktoh prkigr
Hs 9 muicol ckcktoh sgauh`gr

Vo`o trohsejriotjr (troej) dgsorhyo

dgsorh yo tgnohnoh yohn `kagcuoraoh jcgl auiporoh sgauh`gr
o`ocol=

?. Rgdoh`khn `ghnoh dohyoahyo ckcktoh sgauh`gr (Us ~ Hs).

4. Rgdoh`khn `ghnoh dgsorhyo tgnohnoh prkigr ( UR ~ UV).
2. Dgrdoh`khn tgrdocka `ghnoh dohyoahyo ckcktoh prkigr,
 
( ~ ) sglkhnno `opot `ktucks
(  9   
2
B. Mghks Agrunkoh @ocoi Prohsejriotjr

Tunk-runk otou cjssgs po`o troej ohtoro cokh=

?. Agrunkoh tgidono. Agrunkoh K´T `ocoi ckcktoh tgidono yohn `ksgdodaoh jcgl
rgskstohsk tgidono `oh orus ckstrka
ck strka yohn ighnockrkhyo.
4. Agrunkoh ajpckhn. Agrunkoh yohn tgrmo`k aorgho ajpckhn prkigr-sgauh`gr tk`oa
sgipurho, sglkhnno tk`oa sgiuo ecuas ionhgt yohn `kkh`uaskaoh prkigr igijtjhn

ckcktoh sgauh`gr. Agrunkoh khk `opot `kaurohnk `ghnoh ighnnucuhn ckcktoh sgboro
dgrcopks-copks ohtoro prkigr `oh sgauh`gr.
2. Agrunkoh aoposktos ckor. Agrunkoh yohn `ksgdodaoh jcgl aoposktos ckor yohn tgr`opot
po`o ckcktoh-ckcktoh trohsejriotjr. Agrunkoh khk sohnot igipghnorulk gekskghsk
trohsejriotjr uhtua ergaughsk tkhnnk. Agrunkoh khk `opot `kaurohnk `ghnoh ighnnucuhn
ckcktoh prkigr `oh sgauh`gr sgboro sgikoboa (doha wkh`khn).
0. Agrunkoh lkstgrgsks. Agrunkoh yohn tgrmo`k agtkao orus prkigr OB dgrdocka orol.
@ksgdodaoh aorgho khtk trohsejriotjr tk`oa `opot ighnudol orol ecuas ionhgthyo
`ghnoh sgagtkao. Agrunkoh khk `opot `kaurohnk `ghnoh ighnnuhoaoh iotgrkoc khtk
rgcuatohsk rgh`ol.
7. Agrunkoh gega auckt. Rgdonokioho ajh`uatjr cokh yohn `kockrk orus djcoa-docka, orus
bgh`gruhn uhtua ighnockr po`o pgriuaooh ajh`uatjr. Loc khk igipgrdgsor agrunkoh
aoposktos `oh muno ighoidol rgskstohsk rgcotke ckcktoh. Agrunkoh khk `opot `kaurohn
`ghnoh ighnnuhoaoh aowot Cktz, yoktu aowot yohn tgr`krk `ork dgdgropo aowot agbkc
yohn sockhn tgrksjcosk. Whtua ergaughsk ro`kj `knuhoaoh aowot ngrjhnnjhn otou
cgidoroh tkpks tgidono sgdonok nohtk aowot dkoso.
5. Agrunkoh orus g``y (orus jcoa). Agrunkoh yohn `ksgdodaoh jcgl NNC iosuaoh yohn
ighkiducaoh orus `ocoi khtk ionhgt yohn igcowoh pgrudoloh ecuas ionhgt yohn
igidohnaktaoh NNC. Aorgho o`ohyo ecuas ionhgt yohn dgrudol-udol, tgrmo`k jcoaoh
ecuas ionhgt po`o iotgrkoc khtk. Agrunkoh khk dgraurohn aocou `knuhoaoh khtk dgrcopks-
copksoh.

@. Mghks-Mghks Prohsejriotjr

Proej `opot `ktgiuaoh po`o skstgi trohsiksk ckstrka, kh`ustrk, `oh pgrocotoh gcgatrjhka.
Bjhtjlhyo sgpgrtk troej `oyo, troej khstruigh, outjtrohsejrigr, troej pghygorol
pgh ygorol (TE), `oh cokh-
cokh. Rgiuo troej tgrsgdut igikckak pgrdg`ooh uauroh, hkcok, `oh dghtua ohtoro sotu `ghnoh
yohn cokhhyo, tgtopk `ghnoh prkhskp agrmo yohn soio. Dgrkaut khk mghks troej dgro`osoraoh
pghngcjipjaohhyo.

?. Mghks troej dgr`osoraoh cgvgc tgnohnoh

Rgboro uiui, troej `kagcjipjaaoh dgr`osoraoh cgvgc tgnohnoh yoktu pghngcjipjaoh

yohn `kcklot `ork pgrdoh`khnoh muicol ckcktoh ohtoro auiporoh prkigr `oh auiporoh sgauh`gr.
Pgr`opot 4 mghks troej `ocoi pghngcjipjaoh khk yoktu troej stgp up `oh stgp
stg p `jwh.

0
  Prohsejriotjr Rtgp Wp

Prohsejriotjr stgp up igrupoaoh troej yohn dgreuhnsk ighokaaoh tgnohnoh. Proej khk
igikckak bkrk yoktu muicol ckcktoh po`o auiporoh prkigr cgdkl sg`kakt `kdoh`khn ckctoh po`o
auiporoh sgauh`gr (Hp 3 Hs). Mo`k gcgatrjionhgtka po`o auiporoh sgauh`gr cgdkl dgsor. Vo`o
pgidohnakt ckstrka, troej khk `knuhoaoh uhtua ighokaaoh tgnohnoh yohn agcuor `ork nghgrotjr.
Pumuohhyo onor soot `ktrohsikskaoh ag morkhnoh ckstrka, ckstrka tk`oa aglkcohnoh dohyoa `oyo.

Proej khk muno `opot `ktgiuk po`o pgrohnaot khvgrtgr yohn dkoso `knuhoaoh uhtua ighokaaoh
tgnohnoh ighmo`k cgdkl dgsor.

 Prohsejriotjr Rtgp @jwh

Prohsejriotjr stgp `jwh dgreuhnsk uhtua ighuruhaoh tgnohnoh. Agdockaoh `ork troej stgp
up, troej stgp `jwh igikckak ckcktoh prkigr yohn cgdkl dohyoa `kdoh`khn ckcktoh
sgauh`grhyo (Hp 8 Hs). Vo`o skstgi `kstrkdusk ckstrka, troej khk `knuhoaoh uhtua ighuruhaoh
tgnohnoh ighghnol ag tgnohnoh rgh`ol yoktu 446 v onor `opot `knuhoaoh jcgl iosyoroaot.
Proej stgp `jwh muno sgrkhn `knuhoaoh po`o pgrohnaot gcgatrjhka aorgho pgrohnaot gcgatrjhka
igidutulaoh tgnohnoh yohn cgdkl agbkc. Uorkosk tgnohnoh yohn `kloskcaoh ohtoro cokh 7v, 5v,

;v, ?4v, 40v, lkhnno 0<v.

7
  Outj Prohsejrigr

Outj trohsejrigrs dgrdg`o `ghnoh troej dkosohyo aorgho lohyo igikckak sotu auiporoh
somo. Auiporoh tuhnnoc tgrsgdut ighmo`k auiporoh prkigr sgaocknus auiporoh sgauh`gr.
Rgiuo troej igikckak umuhn ckcktoh yohn tgtop, tgtopk tk`oa uhtua troej khk, outj trohsejrigr
ighyg`koaoh cgdkl dohyoa pkckloh aorgho umuhn ckcktoh `opot `koidkc (`kso`op) `ork tghnol-
tghnol ckcktoh sgdonok mocoh agcuorhyo tgnohnoh sgauh`gr. Vgrdg`ooh pjsksk so`opoh khk
ighghtuaoh pgrdoh`khnoh auiporoh po`o sksk prkigr `oh sgauh`grhyo. Rglkhnno, outj
trohsejrigr khk ighyg`koaoh dgrdonok vorkosk tgnohnoh yohn `opot `kpkckl. Whtua cgdkl
mgcoshyo, bjdo Oh`o oiotk noidor dgrkaut khk.

Outj trohsejrigrs `opot dgrmghks stgp up ioupuh stgp `jwh aorgho pjsksk so`opoh yohn `opot
`kpkh`ol-pkh`ol.

4. Mghks troej dgr`osoraoh doloh khtk yohn `knuhoaoh

Proej ightrohsegr ghgrnk ckstrka `ghnoh boro ighnlohtoraoh ig`oh gcgatrjionhgtka

igcgwotk khtk troej. Vgrdg`ooh doloh khtk yohn `knuhoaoh ighygdodaoh pgrdg`ooh ig`oh

ionhgt yohn `kloskcaoh `ork prjsgs kh`uask. Dgr`osoraoh doloh khtk, tgr`opot dgdgropo mghks
doloh yohn `knuhoaoh
`knuhoaoh ohtoro cokh.

 Proej khtk u`oro

5
 Proej khtk u`oro tk`oa ighnnuhoaoh doloh opopuh sgdonok khtk. Mo`k prjsgs kh`uask ig`oh
ionhgt lohyo igroidot igcocuk ig`kui u`oro sgpghulhyo. Proej khk igikckak agcgioloh `k
ioho kh`uask ckstrka yohn `kloskcaoh cgdkl cgiol mkao `kdoh`khn `ghnoh troej dgrkhtk dgsk otou
egrrktg. Proej khk `knuhoaoh po`o pgrohnaot gcgatrjhka pjrtodcg sgpgrtk ro`kj ergaughsk. Rgcokh
ktu, troej khk `opot ighmo`k pkckloh uhtua igiduot blorngr wkrgcgss, yohn ioho auiporoh
prkigr dgro`o po`o suidgr ckstrka `oh auiporoh sgauh`gr
sgauh`gr dgro`o `k pgrohnaot yohn `k-blorngr.
@ghnoh tk`oa o`ohyo khtk, igiduot troej u`oro igikckak djdjt yohn rkhnoh.

 Proej khtk dgsk

Proej khtk dgsk ighnnuhoaoh pcot-pcot dgrdoloh dgsk cuhoa sgdonok khtkhyo. Doloh dgsk
cuhoa tgrsgdut `kboipur `ghnoh ionhgt, sglkhnno ig`oh ionhgt tgrkh`uask cgdkl auot.
Rgightoro ktu, tkhnaot gekskghsk troej muno ighkhnaot. Vcot-pcot dgsk yohn `knuhoaoh sgdonok khtk,
igikckak dghtua `oh uauroh yohn dgronoi. @k posoroh, tgr`opot dgdgropo dghtua sgpgrtk G, K,
W, C, `sd.

>
 Vcot-pcot tgrsgdut tkpks. @ocoi pgroaktohhyo, pcot-pcot dgsk tkpks tgrsgdut `ksusuh dgrcopks-
copks. Proej-troej dgrkhtk dgsk tgcol `knuhoaoh sgboro cuos. Royohnhyo troej mghks khk igikckak
djdjt yohn dgrot

 Proej khtk egrrktg

Proej khk ighnnuhoaoh egrrktg sgdonok khtkhyo aorgho igikckak `oyo tgidus ionhgt yohn
tkhnnk. Proej dgrkhtk egrrktg cgdkl dohyoa `knuhoaoh po`o pgrocotoh gcgatrjhka
gcg atrjhka `orkpo`o gcgatrka.

Egrrktg khk `ksorohaoh `knuhoaoh po`o troej yohn ighohnohk ckstrka dgrergaughsk tkhnnk sgpgrtk
po`o Rwktbl Ij`g Vjwgr Ruppcy (RIVR), rgbtkekgr trohsejiotjr (troej pghygorol), `oh
sgdonokhyo. Proej khtk egrrktg muno igikckak dghtua `oh uauroh yohn dgronoi. Wiuihyo khtk
egrrktg dgrdghtua sgpgrtk lurue G.

 Proej tjrjk`

Proej tjrjk` ighnnuhoaoh doloh dgsk otou egrrktg sgdonok khtkhyo. Proej khk igikckak
dghtua sgpgrtk tjrjk`, o`o muno
muno yohn ighnohnnop dghtuahyo sgpgrtk `jhot sglkhnno `ksgdut muno
troej `jhot. Proej khk igikckak aguhnnucoh `k ioho agioipuoh kh`uaskhyo sohnot tkhnnk `oh
agiuhnakhoh tgrmo`khyo agdjbjroh kh`uatohsk sohnot agbkc. Proej khk dkosohyo
dkosoh yo `knuhoaoh po`o

rohnaokoh oipckekgr `oh pjwgr suppcy.

<
 2. Mghks troej dgr`osoraoh pghnnuhoohhyo
pghnnuhoohhyo

Proej igikckak dohyoa sgaock mghks tgriosua `ocoi loc pghnnuhoohhyo. ^ocoupuh po`o
ckstrka gcgatrjhka ioupuh gcgatrka troej lohyo dgrnuho uhtua ighokaaoh otou ighuruhaoh
tgnohnoh, tgtopk ioskhn-ioskhn troej muno igikckak euhnsk spgskekahyo. Vghnnuhooh troej soot
khk ohtoro cokh=

 Proej po`o skstgi trohsiksk ghgrnk ckstrka

@k `uhko trohsiksk ghgrnk ckstrka, troej ighmo`k donkoh vktoc yohn toa tgrpksolaoh. Pgr`opot
sgtk`oahyo 2 mghks troej yohn dgrpgroh `ocoi skstgi trohsiksk ghgrnk ckstrka yoktu troej `oyo,
troej pghnuauroh, `oh troej `kstrkdusk. ^ocoupuh tgrcklot sohnot dgsor, troej khk igidohtu
skstgi trohsiksk `ocoi ightrohsegr `oyo ckstrka lkhnno ag ruiol-ruiol pgh`u`ua.

- Proej `oyo

Proej `oyo igikckak uauroh yohn dgsor `oh `knuhoaoh uhtua ighnkrki ghgrnk ckstrka
lkhnno ag nor`u ckstrka. Proej khk dgrpgroh sgdonok pghnluduhn ohtoro nghgrotjr `ghnoh
morkhnoh `kstrkdusk utoio
utoio ckstrka. Vrkhskp utoio `ork troej `oyo yoktu
yoktu ighnudol tgnohnoh rgh`ol
dgrorus tkhnnk ighmo`k tgnohnoh tkhnnk dgrorus rgh`ol. Loc khk uhtua igikhkiockskr aglkcohnoh
`oyo po`o skstgi `kstrkdusk `oyo ckstrka, sglkhnno cgdkl gekskgh. Agdohyoaoh troej `oyo `kksk
`ghnoh ikhyoa `k `ocoihyo sgdonok pgh`khnkh.

- Proej `kstrkdusk

;
 Proej `kstrkdusk `knuhoaoh sgdonok tolop oalkr po`o skstgi `kstrkdusk ghgrnk ckstrka. Proej
khk dgreuhnsk uhtua ighnudol tgnohnoh tkhnnk ighmo`k tgnohnoh rgh`ol yoktu 446 U sglkhnno
`opot `kockraoh ag ruiol-ruiol pgh`u`ua. Proej khk o`o yohn sotu plosg otou
ot ou tkno plosg. Proej
`kstrkdusk `opot `kagcjipjaaoh conk dgr`osoraoh mghks ksjcosk yohn `knuhoaoh yoktu mghks agrkhn
`oh dosol. Proej `kstrkdusk ighnnuhoaoh pcot-pcot domo sgdonok khtkhyo. Rgboro uiui, troej
`kstrkdusk dgagrmo po`o tgnohnoh `k dowol 466 aUO.

- Proej pghnuauroh

Proej pghnuauroh sgrkhnaock `ksgdut sgdonok troej khstruigh. Proej khk dgreuhnsk uhtua
ighnuaur pgrocotoh po`o skstgi `oyo ckstrka. Ckstrka yohn igcgwotk auiporoh prkigr agiu`koh
`kkh`uaskaoh ag auiporoh sgauh`gr uhtua `kudol ag tgnohnoh `oh orus yohn cgdkl agbkc onor
`opot `klktuhn. Vgrdoh`khnoh ohtoro auiporoh prkigr `oh sgauh`gr `kotur sg`gikakoh rupo
sglkhnno tk`oa tgrmo`k agagckruoh wocoupuh loskc yohn `ktuhmuaaoh duaoh loskc sgdghorhyo.
Loskc yohn `ktuhmuaaoh lorus `klktuhn `ghnoh ruius tgrtghtu sgsuok muicol ckcktoh ohtoro
auiporoh prkigr `oh sgauh`grhyo.

 Proej stgp up `oh stgp `jwh

Ckstrka yohn akto `opotaoh `ork VCH dgrtgnohnoh 446 U OB. Hoiuh, dgdgropo pgrocotoh
ckstrka sgpgrtk po`o pgrohnaot gcgatrjhka lohyo igidutulaoh ckstrka sgaktor 7v-40v. Jcgl aorgho
ktu, pgrocotoh gcgatrjhka sgcocu ighnnuhoaoh troej stgp `jwh uhtua igh`opotaoh tgnohnoh
yohn `kdutulaoh. Vo`o alosus cokh, dgdgropo hgnoro sgpgrtk Oigrkao ighnnuhoaoh stoh`or
ckstrka ??6 v. Vo`oloc ocot-ocot ckstrka gcgatrka ighnnuhoaoh 446 v sgdonok tgnohnoh supcokhyo.
Whtua ighnotosk loc tgrsgdut, akto lorus ighnnuhoaoh troej stgp up uhtua ighokaaoh tgnohnoh

`ork ??6 v ag 446 v.

?6
  Proej ksjcosk

Proej ksjcosk igikckak euhnsk utoio sgdonok pghnoioh. Proej khk `knuhoaoh uhtua
igiksolaoh pgrocotoh otou dgdoh ckstrka `ork suidgr ckstrka. Proej ksjcosk `opot `kuipoioaoh
sgdonok mgidotoh. Ckstrka `ork suidgr yohn ighnockr po`o auiporoh prkigr oaoh `kkh`uaskaoh
ag auiporoh sgauh`gr `opot `knuhoaoh jcgl pgrocotoh-pgrocotoh ckstrka. Rgiuo troej ksjcosk
igikckak pgrdoh`khnoh muicol ckcktoh yohn soio yoktu ?=? ohtoro auiporoh prkigr `oh
sgauh`grhyo sglkhnno tgnohnoh prkigr soio `ghnoh tgnohnoh sgauh`gr. Proej ksjcosk `opot
ighbgnol tgrmo`khyo agmutoh ckstrka. Agtkao akto tk`oa sghnomo ighyghtul pghnlohtor ckstrka
yohn tgrduao, akto oaoh agsgtrui aorgho tudul akto ighmo`k pghnlohtor donk ckstrka uhtua
ighnockr ag `ocoi tohol `oh ighumu ag aodgc yohn `k-nrjuh`-aoh to`k. @ghnoh troej ksjcosk,
loc tgrsgdut tk`oa tgrmo`k.

 Proej iotblkhn

Proej iotblkhn o`ocol mghks cokh `ork troej yohn uiui `knuhoaoh po`o pgrohnaot
gcgatrjhka. Proej khk alusus `knuhoaoh po`o pgrohnaot ou`kj yohn igidutulaoh pghygtgcoh
kipg`ohsk. Proej iotblkhn `opot ighygkidohnaoh kipg`ohsk po`o rohnaokoh oipckekgr `ghnoh
ajipjhgh-ajipjhgh cokhhyo. Loc khk oaoh igiduot auocktos ou`kj yohn `kloskcaoh oipckekgr

oaoh sgioakh mgrhkl.

??
G. Donkoh ‒ Donkoh Prohsejriotjr

Ruotu trohsejriotjr tgr`krk otos dgdgropo donkoh, yoktu =

?. Donkoh utoio trohsejriotjr

4. Vgrocotoh dohtu
2. Vgrocotoh prjtgask

?. Donkoh utoio trohsejriotjr

Donkoh utoio trohsejriotjr, tgr`krk `ork =

 Khtk dgsk
Khtk dgsk dgreuhnsk uhtua igipgriu`ol mocoh ecuas yohn `ktkiducaoh jcgl orus
ckstrka yohn igcocuk auiporoh. @kduot `ork cgipghnoh-cgipghnoh dgsk tkpks yohn
dgrksjcosk uhtua ighnurohnk pohos (sgdonok runk-runk dgsk) yohn `ktkiducaoh jcgl orus
pusor otou orus g``y (g``y burrght).
 Auiporoh trohsejriotjr
Dgdgropo ckcktoh aowot dgrksjcosk igidghtua suotu auiporoh `oh auiporoh
tgrsgdut `k ksjcosk, doka tgrlo`op khtk dgsk ioupuh tgrlo`op auiporoh cokh `ghnoh
ighnnuhoaoh ksjcosk po`ot sgpgrtk aortjh, pgrtkhox `oh cokh-cokh.
Vo`o trohsejriotjr tgr`opot auiporoh prkigr `oh auiporoh sgauh`gr. Mkao
auiporoh prkigr `kluduhnaoh `ghnoh tgnohnoh/orus djcoa-docka ioao po`o auiporoh
tgrsgdut tkiduc ecuas yohn ighkiducaoh kh`uask tgnohnoh, dkco po`o rohnaokoh
sgauh`gr `ktutup (rohnaokoh dgdoh) ioao ighnockr orus po`o auiporoh tgrsgdut,
sglkhnno auiporoh khk dgreuhnsk sgdonok ocot trohsejriosk tgnohnoh `oh orus.
 Auiporoh tgrtkgr
Euhnsk auiporoh tgrtkgr `kpgrcuaoh uhtua igipgrjcgl tgnohnoh tgrtkgr otou
uhtua agdutuloh cokh. Whtua ag`uo agpgrcuoh tgrsgdut, auiporoh tgrtkgr sgcocu
`kluduhnaoh `gcto otou sgnktkno. Auiporoh tgrtkgr sgrkhn `knuhoaoh muno uhtua
pghyoiduhnoh pgrocotoh dohtu sgpgrtk ajh`ghsotjr syhblrjhg, aoposktjr sluht `oh
rgobtjr sluht, hoiuh `gikakoh tk`oa sgiuo trohsejriotjr `oyo igipuhyok auiporoh
tgrtkgr.
 Ikhyoa trohsejriotjr
Rgdonkoh dgsor `ork trohsejriotjr tghono igikckak auiporoh-auiporoh yohn
khtkhyo `krgh`oi `ocoi ikhyoa trohsejriotjr, tgrutoio po`o trohsejriotjr-
trohsejriotjr tghono yohn dgraoposktos dgsor, aorgho
aorg ho ikhyoa trohsejriotjr igipuhyok
skeot sgdonok ig`ko pgikh`ol pohos (`kskraucosk) `oh muno dgreuhnsk puco sgdonok ksjcosk
ksjcos k
(igikckak `oyo tgnohnoh tgidus tkhnnk) sglkhnno dgreuhnsk sgdonok ig`ko pgh`khnkh
`oh ksjcosk.

?4
Ikhyoa trohsejriotjr lorus igighulk pgrsyorotoh, yoktu =

?) Agauotoh ksjcosk tkhnnk

4) Vghyocur pohos yohn doka, dgrot mghks yohn agbkc sglkhnno portkagc-
portkagc `ocoi ikhyoa `opot ighngh`op `ghnoh
`ghnoh bgpot
2) Uksajsktos yohn rgh`ol, onor cgdkl iu`ol dgrskraucosk `oh igikckak
agioipuoh pgh`khnkhoh ighmo`k cgdkl doka
0) Pktka hyoco yohn tkhnnk `oh tk`oa iu`ol ighnuop yohn `opot
ighkiducaoh dolo
7) Pk`oa igrusoa doloh ksjcosk po`ot
5) Rkeot akiko yohn stodkc

 Duslkhn
Luduhnoh ohtoro auiporoh trohsejriotjr ag morkhnoh cuor igcocuk sgduol
duslkhn, yoktu sgduol ajh`uatjr yohn `ksgcuduhnk jcgl ksjcotjr, yohn sgaocknus
dgreuhnsk sgdonok pghygaot ohtoro ajh`uatjr
ajh`uatjr tgrsgdut `ghnoh tohnak trohsejriotjr.

 Pohnak `oh ajhsgrvotjr

Vo`o uiuihyo donkoh-donkoh `ork trohsejriotjr yohn tgrgh`oi ikhyoa
trohsejriotjr dgro`o otou `ktgipotaoh `k`ocoi tohnak. Whtua ighoipuhn pgiuokoh
po`o ikhyoa trohsejriotjr, po`o tohnak `kcghnaopk
`kcghnaopk `ghnoh sgduol ajh
ajhsgrvotjr.
sgrvotjr.
Pgr`opot dgdgropo mghks tohnak, `kohtorohyo o`ocol =
?) Mghks skrkp (Poha Bjrrunotg`)
Do`oh tohnak tgrduot `ork pgcot domo dgrbohok `khnkh yohn ighmocohk
pghgauaoh, pgijtjhnoh `oh prjsgs pghngcosoh jtjiotks uhtua igidghtua
do`oh tohnak dgrskrkp. @ghnoh skrkphyo dgreuhnsk
dgreuhnsk sgdonok ro`kotjr pgh`khnkh
`oh ocot dgrhoeos po`o soot yohn soio. Putup `oh `osor tohnak tgrduot `ork
pcot domo dgrbohok pohos yohn
yohn agiu`
agiu`koh
koh `k cos soiduhn agpo`o do`oh tohnak
dgrskrkp igidghtua
igidghtua tohn
tohnak
ak bjrrunotg`
bjrrunotg` khk. Wiuihyo trohsejriotjr `kdowol
0666 aUO `kduot `ghnoh dghtua tohnak bjrrunotg`.

4) Mghks tohnak bjhvghtkjhoc dgro`kotjr

Mghks tohnak tgr`krk `ork do`oh tohnak `oh tutup yohn tgrduot `ork ikc` stggc
pcotg (pcot domo dgrbohok pohos) `ktgaua `oh `k cos uhtua `kdohnuh sgsuok
`kighsk yohn `k khnkhaoh, sg`ohnaoh ro`kotjr mghks pohgc tgrduot `ork p pgcot
gcot
domo dgrbohok `khnkh (bjc` rjccg` stggc slggts).
slggts) . Prohsejriotjr khk uiuihyo
`kcghnaopk `ghnoh ajhsgrvotjr `o `knuhoaoh uhtua 47.666 Avo.
2) Lgriotkboccy Rgocg` Poha wktl H4 Buslkhg`
Pkpg tohnak khk soio `ghnoh mghks bjhvghtkjhoc tgtopk `k otos pgriuaooh
ikhyoa tgr`opot nos hktrjngh uhtua ighbgnol ajhtoa ohtoro ikhyoa `ghnoh
u`oro cuor.

?2
4. Vgrocotoh dohtu

Vgrocotoh dohtu tgr`krk `ork =

 Vgh`khnkh
Whtua ighnurohnk o`ohyo aghokaaoh sulu po`o trohsejriotjr pgrcu `kcghnaopk
`ghnoh systgi pgh`khnkh yohn dgreuhnsk uhtua ighyocuraoh pohos agcuor
trohsejriotjr. Ig`ko yohn `knuhoaoh po`o systgi pgh`khnkh `opot dgrupo u`oro, nos,
ikhyoa `oh okr.
Rkstgi pghnockrohhyo (skraucosk) `opot `ghnoh boro =
?) Ocoikol (hoturoc)
4) Pgaohoh (ejrbg`)

 Pop Blorngr (pgrudol top)

Pop blorngr o`ocol pgrudol pgrdoh`khnoh trohsejriotjr uhtua igh`opot
tgnohnoh jpgrosk sgauh`gr sgsguok yohn `kkhnkhaoh `ork tgnohnoh morkhnoh/prkigr yohn
dgrudol-udol.
 Ocot Vgrhoeosoh
Aorgho o`ohyo pghnorul hoka turuhhyo dgdoh trohsejriotjr ioupuh sulu u`oro

cuor, ioao sulu ikhyoa oaoh dgrudol-udol ighnkautk ago`ooh tgrsgdut. Dkco sulu
ikhyoa tkhnnk, ikhyoa oaoh igiuok `oh igh`gsoa u`oro `kotos pgriuaooh ikhyoa
agcuor `ork `ocoi tohnak, sgdockahyo dkco sulu ikhyoa turuh, ikhyoa ighyusut ioao
u`oro cuor oaoh iosua ag `ocoi tohnak. Ag`uo prjsgs tgrsgdut `kotos `ksgdut pgrhoeosoh
trohsejriotjr. Vgriuaooh ikhyoa trohsejriotjr oaoh sgcocu dgrskhnnuhnoh `ghnoh
u`oro cuor yohn ighuruhaoh hkcok tgnohnoh tgidus po`o ikhyoa trohsejriotjr, ioao
uhtua ighbgnol loc tgrsgdut, po`o umuhn pkpo pghnluduhn u`oro `kcghnaopk toduhn
dgrksk arkstoc zot lynrjsbjpks.
 Kh`kbotjr
Whtua ighnowosk sgcoio trohsejriotjr dgrjpgrosk, ioao pgrcu o`ohyo kh`kbotjr
yohn `kposohn po`o trohsejriotjr. Kh`kbotjr tgrsgdut o`ocol sgdonok dgrkaut =
?) Kh`kbotjr sulu ikhyoa
4) Kh`kbotjr pgriuaooh ikhyoa
2) Kh`kbotjr systgi pgh`khnkh
0) Kh`kbotjr ag`u`uaoh top `oh sgdonokhyo

2. Vgrocotoh prjtgask

Vgrocotoh prjtgask tgr`krk `ork =

 Tgcoy Dubljcz
Tgcoy Dubljcz o`ocol rgcoy yohn dgreuhnsk igh`gtgask `oh ighnoiohaoh
tgrlo`op nohnnuoh trohsejriotjr yohn ighkiducaoh nos.
Pkiduchyo nos `opot `koakdotaoh jcgl dgdgropo loc, `kohtorohyo o`ocol =
?) Luduhn skhnaot ohtor ckcktoh po`o otou `ocoi ploso

?0
 4) Luduhn skhnaot ohtor ploso
2) Luduhn skhnaot ohtor ploso ag tohol
0) Dusur opk ckstrka ohtor coikhosk
7) Dusur opk ckstrka aorgho ajhtoa yohn aurohn doka

 Tgcoy tgaohoh cgdkl

Tgcoy khk dgreuhnsk
dgreuhnsk loipgr soio sgpgrtk rgcoy dubljcz.
dubljcz. Euhnskhyo
Euhnskhyo o`ocol
ighnoiohaoh tgrlo`op nohnnuoh `k`ocoi trohsejriotjr. Dg`ohyo rgcoy khk lohyo
dgagrmo jcgl aghokaaoh tgaohoh nos yohn tkdo-tkdo
tkdo-tk do `oh cohnsuhn ightrkpaoh pgiutus
tgnohnoh (VIP).
 Tgcoy @kegrghskoc
Dgreuhnsk ighnoiohaoh trohsejriotjr tgrlo`op nohnnuoh `k`ocoi
trohsejriotjr, ohtoro cokh o`ocol agmo`koh ecosl jvgr ohtoro auiporoh `ghnoh auiporoh
tohnak otou dgcktoh `ghnoh dgcktoh `k`ocoi auiporoh otoupuh dg`o auiporoh.
 Tgcoy Orus cgdkl
Dgreuhnsk ighnoiohaoh trohsejriotjr mkao orus yohn ighnockr igcgdklk `ork
hkcok yohn `kpgraghohaoh cgwot po`o trohsejriotjr tgrsgdut `oh orus cgdkl khk `opot
tgrmo`k aorgho dgdoh cgdkl otou nohnnuoh luduhn skhnaot. Orus cgdkl khk `k`gtgask jcgl
trohsejriotjr orus otou burrght trohsejriotjr (BP).
 Tgcoy Pohnak Pohol
Ocot khk dgreuhnsk uhtua ighnoiohaoh trohsejriotjr dkco o`o luduhn skhnaot
ohtoro donkoh yohn dgrtgnohnoh `ghnoh donkoh yohn tk`oa dgrtgnohnoh po`o
trohsejriotjr.
 Tgcoy Luduhn Pohol
Euhnsk ocot khk o`ocol uhtua ighnoiohaoh trohsejriotjr mkao tgrmo`k nohnnuoh
luduhn skhnaot sotu ploso ag tohol.
 Tgcoy Plgriks
Ocot khk dgreuhnsk uhtua ighbgnol/ighnoiohaoh trohsejriotjr `ork agrusoaoh
ksjcosk po`o auiporoh, oakdot o`ohyo pohos yohn cgdkl yohn `ktkiducaoh jcgl orus
cgdkl. Dgsoroh yohn `kuaur `k`ocoi rgcoy khk o`ocol aghokaaoh sulu.

E. Opckaosk Prohsejriotjr

Vghnnuhooh troej `kiohopuh o`ocol soio, alusushyo uhtua troej `oyo, yoktu sgdonok
pghoka otou pghuruh tgnohnoh, ighygsuokaoh tgnohnoh `ork igskh ktu sgh`krk. po`o kh`ustrk
dohyoa `kpgrcuaoh
`kpgrcuaoh troej, aorgho uhtua pgioaokoh `oyo yohn
yohn dgsor (iksochyo uhtua kh`ustrk) ktu
dkosohyo tgnohnoh yohn iosua o`ocol `kotos 2<6 U (dkosohyo 46 aU otou 46666U), mo`k
`kpgrcuaoh troej stgp `jwh/pghuruh tgnohnoh uhtua ighygsuokaoh tgnohnoh igskh, iksochyo
tgnohnoh uhtua ijtjr-ijtjr ckstrka ktu dkosohyo 2<6U 2 plosg, `oh sgdonokhyo. mo`k `kpgrcuaoh
troej 46aU/2<6Ujct, `oh sgdonokhyo.

?7
 DOD KKK

VGHWPWV

O. Agskipucoh
Agskipucoh yohn `opot `koidkc o`ocol, dolwo trohsejriotjr igrupoaoh ajipjhgh
gcgatrjhka yohn dgreuhnsk uhtua ighyocuraoh tghono otou `oyo ckstrka `ork tgnohnoh tkhnnk ag
tgnohnoh rgh`ol otou sgdockahyo (ightrohsejrioskaoh tgnohnoh). Rgduol trohsejriotjr tgr`krk
`ork `uo otou cgdkl ckcktoh yohn sockhn `kaoktaoh ig`oh ionhgt.
Prohsejriotjr dgagrmo dgr`osoraoh prkhskp kh`uask gcgatrjionhgtka. Pgnohnoh iosua
djcoa-docka yohn igidghtohnk prkigr ighkiducaoh ecuas ionhgt yohn k`gochyo sgiuo
dgrsoiduhn `ghnoh ckcktoh sgauh`gr. Ecuas djcoa-docka khk ighnkh`uaskaoh
ighnkh`uaskaoh NNC `ocoi ckcktoh
sgauh`gr. Mkao gekskghsk sgipurho, sgiuo `oyo po`o ckcktoh prkigr oaoh `kckipolaoh ag ckcktoh
sgauh`gr.

Dgdgropo ocosoh `knuhoaohhyo trohsejriotjr, ohtoro cokh=

?. Agdutuloh pgioaok / dgdoh igigrcuaoh tgnohnoh yohn dgrvorkosk

4. Dkosohyo suidgr moul `ork pgioaok sglkhnno pgrcu tgnohnoh tkhnnk (Vo`o morkhnoh
trohsiksk)
2. Pgnohnoh yohn `kloskcaoh suidgr tk`oa sgsuok `ghnoh tgnohnoh pgioaok.

D. Roroh
Iuhnakh oaoh iuhbuc dgrdonok mghks troej cokhhyo aorgho ighnkhnot pgragidohnoh
tgahjcjnk tgrus dgrmocoh. @oh muno onor sgcocu igcoauaoh iokhtghohbg po`o troej sgboro dgraoco
onor troej tgtop dgragrmo po`o pgrejrio tgrdokahyo. Vghucks muno ighnloropaoh aarktka `oh
soroh `ocoi pghucksoh ioaocol `kagiu`koh lork. Rgijno tucksoh khk dgrioheoot donk Oh`o.

?5
 @OEPOT VWRPOAO

Lk`oyotuccol, R. R. (4646, 65). IOBOI-IOBOI PTOHREJTIOPJT DGRGTPO

EWHNRKH[O. Tgtrkgvg` Hjvgidgr 67, 464?, erji dgcomorjhckhg=
lttps=//www.dgcomorjhckhg.hgt/4646/65/ioboi-ioboi-trohsejriotjr-dgsgrto-
euhnskhyo.ltic

Hosutkjh, R. E. (h.`.). Ocosoh Vghnnuhooh Orus OB Duaoh @B. Tgtrkgvg` Hjvgidgr 67, 464?, erji
sbrkd`= lttps=//www.sbrkd`.bji/`jb/;>;6??5</Ocosoh-Vghnnuhooh-Orus-OB-duaoh-@B

Tosao, T. T. (h.`.). Ioaocol Prohsejriotjr. Tgtrkgvg` hjvgidgr 67, 464?, erji obo`giko=
lttps=//www.obo`giko.g`u/;24<552/IoaocolZProhsejriotjr

RKIOPWVOHN, L. (46?5, Egdruory 6>). IOAOCOL PTOHREJTIOPJT VGIGCKLOTOOH

PTOHREJTIOPJT . Tgtrkgvg` Hjvgidgr 67, 464?, erji ioaocol-dgto= lttp=//ioaocol-
dgto.dcjnspjt.bji/46?5/64/ioaocol-trohsejriotjr-pgigcklorooh.ltic

?>