ÔN BUỔI 2

I. It’s + adj + to V
Ví dụ:
- It’s important to be on time when you have an interview.
- It’s necessary to read the instruction before using that new machine.

II. Tính từ sở hữu

Đại từ Tính từ sở hữu
I My
You Your
We Our
They (có thể dùng cho vật/con vật số nhiều) Their
He His
She Her
It (có thể dùng cho vật/con vật số ít) Its

Ví dụ:
- Sarah fogot bringing her books to the Science class.
- They are playing football with their friends.

Bài tập:
1. It’s not difficult _____ this exercise.
A. to do B. doing C. for doing D. do
2. Can I borrow _____ pencil? I seem to have misplaced mine.
A. your B. yours C. you D. you're
3. Have you seen _____ new car? - It's parked outside.
A. his B. he C. him D. he’s
4. I think it’s _____ to guess what will happen.
A. difficult B. difficulty C. difference D. different
5. It’s _____ to take a break at least twice a day.
A. unimportance B. important C. importance D. unimportant
6. The cat licked _____ paws clean.
A. it's B. its C. it D. itself
7. It’s important _____ everyone to arrive on time.
A. for B. to C. at D. with
8. It’s necessary for students _____ their homework.
A. completing B. to complete C. complete D. completes
9. It’s essential for employees _____ the rules.
A. following B. to follow C. follow D. follows
10. It’s difficult _____ me to understand this concept.
A. for B. to C. by D. on

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III. Thì quá khứ đơn
- Cách dùng: diễn tả hành động, sự việc đã xảy ra và kết thúc trong quá khứ
- Dấu hiệu: trong câu có các từ như: yesterday, ago, last (week, year, month), in the past, the day
before.
- Công thức:
Động từ to be Động từ thường
Câu khẳng định S + was/were S + V2/ed
Câu phủ định S + wasn’t/weren’t S + didn’t + V0
Câu nghi vấn Was/Were + S Did + S + V0

Bài tập: Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu sau:

1. After the movie ended, they left the theater, walk to the nearby restaurant, and had dinner together.
A. ended B. left C. walk D. had
2. Paper was so expensive during the Middle Ages that it has to be used sparingly.
A. was B. that C. has D. be used
3. Although his family were very poor, he had a good education and became a good citizen.
A. were B. had C. became D. good
4. David was very young when they leaved, and he could no longer remember living in the house.
A. was B. leaved C. could D. living
5. Many doctors in our hospital volunteer to help people in remote areas last year.
6. She works on the project diligently last month.
7. They travel to Europe for their vacation two years ago.

IV. Chuyển đổi câu: Hiện tại hoàn thành - Quá khứ đơn

S + last + QKĐ (khẳng định) …+ when + mệnh đề

- S + HTHT (phủ định) + since / for +…..
The last time + S + QKĐ (khẳng định) + was + thời gian

Ví dụ:
- I haven’t heard him since August. → The last time I heard him was in August.
- I haven’t seen him since I left school. → I last saw him when I left school.
Bài tập:
1. "The last time I visited my grandparents was a year ago."
A. I haven't visited my grandparents for a year.
B. I didn't visit my grandparents for a year.
C. I have visited my grandparents for a year.
D. I started visiting my grandparents a year ago.
2. "The last time we visited our relatives was last summer."
A. We didn't visit our relatives last summer.
B. We have visited our relatives last summer.
C. We haven't visited our relatives since last summer.
D. We started visiting our relatives last summer.
3. "I haven't seen Mark for a year."
A. I last saw Mark for a year.

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 B. The last time I saw Mark was a year ago.
C. It's for a year since I have seen Mark.
D. The last time I have seen Mark was a year ago.

V. Chuyển đổi câu: câu tường thuật

Công thức:
• Câu kể: S + said/said to O/told O + that + S + V lùi thì
• Câu mệnh lệnh: S + asked/told + O + (not) to V

Ví dụ:
- Câu kể: She said, “I like my room very much”
→ She said that she liked her room very much.
- Câu mệnh lệnh: “Please cook a meal for me.” Mary’s husband said.
→ Mary’s husband told her to cook a meal for him.
Bài tập:
1. Jade’s brother said, "I'm thinking of going to live in Canada".
A. Jade’s brother said that I was thinking of going to live in Canada.
B. Jade’s brother said that I am thinking of going to live in Canada.
C. Jade’s brother said that he was thinking of going to live in Canada.
D. Jade’s brother said that he is thinking of going to live in Canada.
2. "Don’t shout", I said to Jim.
A. I told Jim don't shout B. I told to Jim not to shout
C. I told Jim not to shout D. I said to Jim don't shout.
3. "Listen carefully", he said to us.
A. He told us listen carefully. B. He told to us to listen carefully.
C. He told us to listen carefully. D. He said us to listen carefully.

Luyện tập:
1. It’s easy _____ a car.
A. drive B. to drive C. driving D. for driving
2. It’s happy to _____ her songs.
A. listen B. listen to C. listening to D. listening
3. Jane said, "I saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine".
A. Jane said she had seen Jack at a party a few months ago and he had seemed fine.
B. Jane said I saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine.
C. Jane said she had seen Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine.
D. Jane said she saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he had seemed fine.
4. Have you heard the latest news about Klara? She's just moved out of _____ husband's mansion and lived
separately!
A. her B. she C. hers D. she's
5. They bought _____ tickets for the concert next week.
A. their B. them C. theirs D. they're
6. "They haven't cleaned the house for a month."
A. The last time they have cleaned the house was a month ago.
B. It's for a month since they cleaned the house.
C. They last cleaned the house for a month.
D.The last time they cleaned the house was a month ago.

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7. Please return the book to _____ owner.
A. its B. it C. he D. him
8. My girlfriend and I own a cat. _____ cat is always sleeping on the window sill.
A. Us B. We C. We's D. Our
9. "The last time he went swimming was two weeks ago."
A. He has gone swimming for two weeks.
B. He hasn't gone swimming for two weeks.
C. He didn't go swimming for two weeks.
D. He started going swimming two weeks ago.
10. Josh said, "My father is in hospital".
A. Josh said that my father is in hospital.
B. Josh said that his father was in hospital.
C. Josh said that his father is in hospital.
D. Josh said that my father was in hospital.
11. "The last time we watched a movie together was last winter."
A. We haven't watched a movie together since last winter.
B. We started watching movies together last winter.
C. We have watched a movie together since last winter.
D. We didn't watch a movie together last winter.
12. "We haven't had a meeting for two weeks."
A. We last had a meeting for two weeks.
B. It's for two weeks since we had a meeting.
C. The last time we had a meeting was two weeks ago.
D. The last time we have had a meeting was two weeks ago.
13. "I haven't ridden my bike since last summer."
A. The last time I rode my bike was last summer.
B. It's since last summer that I rode my bike.
C. The last time I have ridden my bike was last summer.
D. I last rode my bike for last summer.
14. Jim said, "Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured".
A. He said Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
B. He said Tom had had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
C. He said Tom had had an accident the previous week but he hadn't been injured.
D. He said Tom had an accident last week but he hadn't been injured.
15. "The last time she called her friend was six months ago."
A. She has called her friend for six months.
B. She started calling her friend six months ago.
C. She didn't call her friend for six months.
D. She hasn't called her friend for six months.
16. Sarah said, "Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow
A. Sarah said that Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow.
B. Sarah said that Nora and Jim were getting married the next day.
C. Sarah said that Nora and Jim were getting married tomorrow.
D. Sarah said that Nora and Jim are getting married the next day.

17. My sister said, "I've been playing tennis a lot recently"

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 A. My sister said that I've been playing tennis recently.
B. My sister said that she had been playing tennis recently.
C. My sister said that she had bee playing tennis recently.
D. My sister said that I had been playing tennis recently
18. Whose keys are these? Are they _____?
A. her B. hers C. she D. she's
19. Andy said, "Margaret has had a baby".
A. Andy said Margaret has had a baby. B. Andy said Margaret had had a baby.
C. Andy said Margaret had a baby. D. Andy said Margaret has a baby.
20. My friend said, "I don’t know what Fred is doing".
A. My friend said that he doesn’t know what Fred is doing.
B. My friend said that he didn’t know what Fred is doing.
C. My friend said that he doesn’t know what Fred was doing.
D. My friend said that he didn’t know what Fred was doing.
21. "Stay in bed for a few days", the doctor said to me.
A. The doctor told me stay in bed for a few days.
B. The doctor told to me to stay in bed for a few days.
C. The doctor said me to stay in bed for a few days.
D. The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.
22. "Please don’t tell anyone what happened", Ann said to me
A. Ann asked me don't tell anyone what happened.
B. Ann told me don't tell anyone what happened.
C. Ann said to me don't tell anyone what happened.
D. Ann asked me not to tell anyone what happened.
23. "Can you open the door for me, Tom?" The professor asked.
A. The professor asked to open the door for her, Tom.
B. The professor asked Tom to open the door for her.
C. The professor asked Tom open the door for her.
D. The professor asked Tom to open the door for me.
24. "Don’t wait for me if I'm late", She said.
A. She said don't wait for her if she was late.
B. She said not to wait for me if I was late.
C. She said not to wait for her if she was late.
D. She said don't wait for me if I'm late.
25. My teacher said, "I haven't seen Bill for a while".
A. My teacher said that he hadn't seen Bill for a while.
B. My teacher said that I haven't seen Bill for a while.
C. My teacher said that he hasn't seen Bill for a while.
D. My teacher said that I hadn't seen Bill for a while.
26. "The last time I went to the beach was two years ago."
A. I haven't gone to the beach for two years.
B. I didn't go to the beach for two years.
C. I have gone to the beach for two years.
D. I started going to the beach two years ago.
27. "The last time we watched that movie was in January.”
A. We haven't watched that movie since January.
B. We watched that movie in January.

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 C. We have watched that movie since January.
D. We didn't watch that movie in January.
28. "I haven't eaten sushi for six months."
A. The last time I ate sushi was six months ago.
B. I ate sushi six months ago.
C. I haven't eaten sushi since six months.
D. The last time I have eaten sushi was six months ago.
29. "I haven't traveled abroad for five years."
A. The last time I traveled abroad was five years ago.
B. I traveled abroad five years ago.
C. I didn't travel abroad for five years.
D. It's five years since I have traveled abroad.

Tìm lỗi sai trong các câu dưới đây:

30. If I have more money, I would travel around the world.

A. have B. would C. travel D. the
31. They met at the café, talking for hours, and then went for a walk in the park.
A. met B. talking C. went D. in
32. The injured dog was took to the veterinarian for treatment.
A. injured B. was C. took D. for
33. Did you visited London last summer with your parents?
A. Did B. visited C. summer D. parents
34. When the bus arrived, she got on and find a seat.
A. the B. arrived C. got D. find