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Full download Bank Investing: A Practitioner's Field Guide Suhail Chandy And Weison Ding file pdf all chapter on 2024
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“Finally, the singular, comprehensive manuscript for bank investing I
wish I’d had at the beginning of my career. Suhail and Weison clearly
chronicle the evolution and current challenges of the industry for the
amateur enthusiast, while simultaneously supplying the technical
depth, practical execution, and operational guidance for institutional
investors, sell-side analysts, and executive management teams.”
—Tyler Stafford, CFA, CEO and Co-Founder,
Panacea Financial; Former Sell-Side Bank Analyst
SUHAIL CHANDY
WEISON DING
Copyright © 2021 by Suhail Chandy and Weison Ding. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise,
except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without
either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the
appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers,
MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600, or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Requests
to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley
& Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online
at www.wiley.com/go/permissions.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best
efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the
accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or
extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained
herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where
appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other
commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other
damages.
For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please
contact our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the
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Wiley publishes in a variety of print and electronic formats and by print-on-demand. Some
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
In loving memory of my father, Jacob Chandy
– Suhail
Acknowledgments xi
Disclaimer xiii
CHAPTER 1
Introduction 1
CHAPTER 2
Financial Statement Analysis 12
CHAPTER 3
Capital 68
CHAPTER 4
Credit 103
CHAPTER 5
Valuation 129
CHAPTER 6
Regulation 146
CHAPTER 7
Role of the Central Bank and Interest Rates 174
CHAPTER 8
M&A 211
ix
x CONTENTS
CHAPTER 9
Cycle 236
CHAPTER 10
Conversations 254
Appendix 303
Index 349
Acknowledgments
Sincere thanks to the following individuals for their help and guidance at vari-
ous stages: Chris Black, Eric Wasserstrom, Joe Fenech, Gerard Cassidy, Ashley
Williams, Tula Weis, Vitaliy Katsenelson, Wes Gray, Stephanie Krewson-Kelly,
Matt Flake, Dale Gibbons, Vernon W. Hill II, Chris Holmes, Denny Hudson,
Abbott Cooper, Fred Cummings, Pete Duffy, Chris Fortune, Martin Friedman,
Rich Hocker, Jeffrey Sherman, Ian Lyngen, and Loren Fleckenstein.
Last, but not the least, our thanks to the entire team at Wiley, especially
Bill Falloon and Purvi Patel.
xi
Disclaimer
The views and opinions presented in this publication are for informational
purposes only as of the date of production/writing and may change without
notice at any time based on numerous factors such as market conditions or legal
and regulatory developments.
This publication is not intended to be an offer or solicitation of any invest-
ment advice or security in any jurisdiction. Any specific mentions of a publicly
traded company are for illustrative purposes only. It is not intended to be relied
upon as a forecast, research, or investment advice and is not a recommendation,
offer, or solicitation to buy or sell any securities or investment strategy.
The authors make no representations or warranties, express or implied,
about the accuracy or suitability for any use of the information, and expressly
disclaim responsibility for any loss or damage, direct or indirect, caused by use of
or reliance on information offered in this publication. All information has been
obtained from sources believed to be reliable, and not necessarily all-inclusive,
and its accuracy is not guaranteed. The views and opinions expressed in this
publication are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
view of any entity and employers with which they have been, are now, or will be
affiliated.
xiii
About the Authors
Suhail Chandy covers the Fintech, Financials, and Real Estate sectors
and manages the Fintech Catalyst strategy at Penn Capital. He is a CFA
charterholder and has an MBA from Yale University.
Weison Ding covers institutional investors from the equity trading desk
of Piper Sandler, with a specialty in the Financials sector. He graduated from
The George Washington University.
xv
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
“The judicious operations of banking enable him to convert this dead stock into
active and productive stock; into materials to work upon, into tools to work with, and
into provision and subsistence to work for; into stock which produces something
both to himself and to his country.”
1. The most successful investor of our times, Warren Buffett, has had a size-
able investment in banks over time (close to a third of his portfolio weight
used to be in banks). This is based on the minority investments in publicly
listed entities, and we do not include Berkshire’s operating subsidiaries.
2. Banks allow you to make macroeconomic bets since they are highly lev-
ered to business cycles.
3. Bank investing allows you to scale your knowledge, as they have relatively
homogenized business models.
4. At the same time, banks are diverse enough to drive meaningful disper-
sion in price performance. This divergence of performance can be taken
advantage of by an astute and prepared security analyst.
5. Banks are great vehicles to make specific investment plays on geographic
regions, demographic trends (suburban to urban migration, aging), indus-
tries (agriculture, tech, energy), news flow (trade/tariffs, weather), real
estate subsectors (NYC office, bay area apartments), and investing themes
such as ESG, cryptocurrency, and venture capital.
6. The largest asset on a bank’s balance sheet is its loan book. This is not
directly analyzable; one cannot walk up to a bank and ask permission
1
2 BANK INVESTING
to view the loan book. There are limited instances when a small bank is
getting re-capitalized that its loan book may be made available in a selec-
tive sample manner, but those are very limited instances.
This information asymmetry makes it tougher but also in some
instances rewards the diligent and dogged analyst. This relative opacity
makes banks very different from an allied sector such as REITs. The real
estate assets of a REIT are tangible and can be toured and independently
assessed. There is a large CRE market where real estate assets trade, and
one can use that to value the assets of REITs. We highly recommend
an excellent book on the topic of REITs by our good friend Stephanie
Krewson-Kelly and her co-author R. Brad Thomas. That book is The
Intelligent REIT Investor: How to Build Wealth with Real Estate Investment.
7. Fintech disruption is real, but to understand this phenomenon one needs
to understand the sector being disrupted. It is not a coincidence that
some of the biggest fintech names have applied for and obtained a bank
charter. That is a validation that a charter can provide benefits exceeding
the regulatory cost. Finally, we believe that fintech disruption is creating
an investing opportunity to play the digital divide between banks that
embrace technology successfully and those that get left behind. Banks
have to start viewing themselves as fintechs with the ability to accept
deposits.
FINTECH ONSLAUGHT
The fintech onslaught is just getting started. There is no denying that fintech is
disrupting the banking business. The challengers and “potential” challengers
range in size from minnows being dreamt up in dorm rooms to giants such
as Amazon. A study by the consulting firm Bain and Company in 2018 postu-
lated that Amazon’s banking services, if launched, could grow to more than 70
million US consumer relationships over a five-year period. See the link below:
https://www.bain.com/insights/bankings-amazon-moment/
This would be the same size as Wells Fargo, founded in 1852, which is the
fourth largest bank in the country. We are not privy to the plans of Amazon,
but we are not surprised by the hypothetical growth trajectory of a potential
challenger who has significant heft and has consumed entire industries. While
not surprising, it is unsettling that someone takes 168 years to become the
fourth largest bank and then find themselves rivaled by a digital upstart who
took five years to get to the same size.
The relentless fintech onslaught has seen skyrocketing valuation, a bur-
geoning number of players, increasing interest in the concept, and a barrage
of news flow all reinforcing each other.
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CHAPTER VII
STEAM JET CONVEYORS
FOOTNOTES:
[1] Inst. Mechanical Engineers Journal, March, 1920, p. 291.
CHAPTER VIII
MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF PNEUMATIC
CONVEYING