DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

OF SOUTH KOREA

Progressivism (Korean: 진 보 주 의 ; Hanja: 進 步 主 義 ; RR: Jinbojuui) in South

Korea is broadly associated with social democracy, cultural progressivism and left-
wing nationalism.[1] South Korea's "progressivism" is often used in a similar sense to
'South Korean Left' or 'leftist'.[note 1] Historically, there have been communist forces,
but most of them have been powerless in contemporary South Korean politics. [5]
Domestically, they advocated the break-up of the large industrial conglomerates
known as chaebolsand support for trade unions. They also advocated the withdrawal
of US troops on the peninsula.

This article gives an overview of liberalism(Korean: 자 유 주 의 or 리 버 럴 리 즘 ;

Hanja: 自 由 主 義 ; RR: Jayujuui or Ribeoreollijeum)[1] and its related history

in South Korea. It is limited to liberalparties with substantial support, mainly proven
by having had a representation in parliament. Historically, the liberal movement in the
South Korean began as a moderate conservativemovement against the far-right
dictatorship, but in the current political structure of the South Korea, it has become
a liberal movement against the conservative movement. The Democratic Party of
Korea is a reformist-to-liberal party and is considered centrist.[2] However, in the
Korean political context, it is classified as a center-left (or progressive), and there are
studies by several experts that it promotes policies that are more right-wing than
center-right parties in Western Europe, such as Germany's Christian Democratic
Union.[3] Also, the Justice Party is considered a "centre-left to left-wing" party. The
party is considered radical progressive or leftist in South Korea, but takes a more
moderate stance than the centre-left parties of Western Europe.[4] There are various
political positions within South Korean liberals, but they tend to coalesce on certain
stances: promoting harmony with North Korea, justice against Japan, and, wherever
possible, autonomy from great power interference, including the United States.
[5]
South Korean liberalism is also based on a national liberalist-independence
movement against Chinaand Japan. South Korean liberals support the Sunshine
Policy toward North Korea.[6][7]

Centrist reformism (Korean: 중도개혁주의; Hanja: 中道改革主義; RR: Jungdoga

ehyeokjuui) is a South Korean political ideology. It is part of South

Korea's centrist tradition. In international standards, centrist reformism can be seen
as conservative liberalism and/or liberal conservatism. The first party to
put Jungdogaehyeok as its main ideology the Peace Democratic Party, a liberalparty
led by Kim Dae-jung in 1987. When the National Congress for New Politics was

founded in 1995, it emphasized "moderate conservatives" (Korean: 온건 보수; Hanja:

穩 健 保 守 ) more than Jungdogaehyeok to gain more support from conservatives.

[1]
However, since the social liberalRoh Moo-hyun government, the term has not been
used frequently for some time. In 2016, People Party officially put
forward Jungdogaehyeok as its main ideology.[2]

Conservatism (Korean: 보수주의; Hanja: 保守主義; RR: bosujuui) in South Korea

is a political and social philosophy characterized by Korean culture and
from Confucianism. South Korean conservative parties largely believe in stances such
as a developmental state, pro-business, opposition to trade unions, strong national
defense, anti-communism, pro-communitarianism, pro-United States and pro-
European in foreign relations, pay attention on North Korean defectors, sanctions and
humanrights, and recently free trade, economic liberalism, and neoliberalism. Starting
from the dictatorship of Syngman Rhee, South Korean conservatism has been
influenced from the military dictatorships of Park Chung-heeand Chun Doo-hwan.
In domestic policy, South Korean conservatism has a strong elitist streak and
promotes rapid modernization and social stability.[1] Since the mid-to-late 2010s,
conservatives with right-wing populist tendencies have become more prominent in the
public sphere. Unlike conservatives in the United States, conservatives in South
Korea often define themselves as liberals. Both groups fervently
denounce socialism and refer to themselves as anti-socialists. They are distinct from
the general liberals in South Korea.[2][3][4]

REFERENCE
[bare URL]
• http://socialist.kr/there-is-no-progressive-left/
•https://content.csbs.utah.edu/~mli/Economies%205430-6430/Lee-Competing
%20Visions%20of%20North%20Korea%20in%20South%20Korean%20Politics.pd
• 국민의당, 중도개혁 깃발로 창당…안철수-천정배 투톱. YTN. 2016 February 2.
•한국 보수주의를 묻는다. Historical Criticism (in Korean) (95). Archived from the original on 2
April 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2011.