Q1.

TRANSMIT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CONTAINING ABBREVIATIONS IN FULL FORM

1. VT-RES WS Wrng at OM RWY 18

A. VT-RES Windshear warning at Outer Marker Runway 18

2. AIP HAS SECTION GEN, MAP, FAL

A. Aeronautical Information Publication has section General, Aeronautical Maps and charts
Published, Facilitation of International Air Transport

3. X-Rdl 156 3000 or Abv

A. Crossing Radial 156, 3000 or above

4. SAR is being carried out by IAF RH

A. Search and Rescue is being carried out by Indian Air Force Rescue Helicopter

5. AI889 Req ETO & your spd

A. Air India 889 Request Estimated Time Over Next Significant point and your speed

6. WXR is showing CB
A. Weather Radar is showing Cumulonimbus

7. A/C to GA due Gld on finals

A. Aircraft to Go Around due Glider on finals

8. Lsq Appch AD from NNE

A. Line Squall Approaching Aerodrome from North North East

9. Mnt Tfc for Safety

A. Monitor Traffic for Safety

10. L/W should not be more than PCN

A. Landing Weight should not be more than Pavement Classification Number

11. A/C is req dev by 17NM due Lsq

A. Aircraft is requesting deviation by 17NM due Line Squall

12. Hldg over NDB DP blw lvl 3500’ not permitted

A. Holding over Non Directional Beacon Delta Papa below level 3500 feet not permitted

13. NC in RENL OPNS

A. No change in Runway End Lights operations

14. Mntn ROD 600 till altitude 5000’

A. Maintain Rate of Descend 600 till altitude 5000 feet

15. AIRAC is issued by DGCA

A. Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control is issued by Directorate General Of Civil Aviation

16. XCVR has Xmtr and Rec

A. Transceiver has Transmitter and Receiver
17. A/C Clr for FSL. WS in T/O path
A. Aircraft cleared for Full Stop Landing. Wind Shear in Take off Path

18. Co-ords are given in lat & long not in dist

A. Coordinates are given in Latitudes & Longitudes not in distance

19. AD VEJT is clsd TFN

A. Aerodrome Jorhat is closed Till Further Notice

20. LLZ is left of RCL

A. localizer is Left of Runway Center Line.

21. WPC holds exam for RTR (A) COP

A. Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing holds exam for Radio Telephony Restricted (Aeromobile)
Certificate of Proficiency

22. Prkg is poss btn the two A/C’s

A. Parking is possible between the two Aircrafts.

23. RENL are svcb but intst is low.

A. Runway End Lights are serviceable but intensity is low

24. Mntn ROD 600 till Alt 5000.

A. Maintain Rate Of Descend 600 till Altitude 5000.

25. AIRAC is an imp publication

A. Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control is an important publication.

26. PAR avbl O/R.

A. Precision Approach Radar available On Request.

27. AI 889 req yr ROC.

A. Air India 889 requesting your Rate of Climb.

28. Watch avbl for SR to SS.

A. Watch Available in Sunrise to Sunset

29. Rwy 28/10 clsd WIE

A. Runway 28/10 closed With Immediate Effect.

30. Hyderabad TWR VT-SEW Req. TGL.

A. Hyderabad Tower VT-SEW request Touch and Go Landing.

31. WS Wrng in Apch path.

A. Wind Shear warning in approach path.

32. Clr Rwy IMT

A. Clear Runway Immediately

33. VT-MJU proceed to ISOBAY

A. VT-MJU proceed to Isolation Bay
34. PCN is lower than ACN
A. Pavement Classification Number is lower than Aircraft Classification number

35. Mnt ATIS 126.4

A. Monitor Automatic Terminal Information Service 126.4 MHz

36. VT-RCF NC in Vis

A. VT-RCF No change in visibility

37. ATA 04:15

A. Actual Time of Arival 04:15

38. ATS Route G705 is AWY

A. ATS Route Golf 705 is Airway

39. COM brfg must be taken

A. Communication Briefing must be taken

40. Mumbai TWR REDL are too bright.

A. Mumbai Tower Runway Edge Lights are too bright

41. Watch Hour HJ

A. Watch Hours are Sunrise to Sunset

42. VT-KJN RTN due TECH

A. VT-KJN return due to technical reason

43. VT-ESX req yr TOC

A. VT-ESX request your Top of Climb

44. You must land bfr SS

A. You must Land before Sunset

45. AD BCN is SVBL

A. Aerodrome Beacon is Serviceable

46. AFS is part of AFTN

A. Aeronautical Fixed Service is part of Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network

47. VT-REF cfm ready to RNN

A. VT-REF confirm ready to Resume Normal Navigation

48. RPL is filed for IT556

A. Repetitive Flight Plan is filed for IT556 (Kingfisher 556)

49. RWY is TEMPO closed

A. Runway is temporary closed

50. Cld of VA is apch

A. Cloud of Volcanic Ash is approaching.
51. TWY C is LGTD
A. Taxiway Charlie is lighted

52. G/A channel is U/S

A. Ground to Air channel is Unserviceable.

53. RR MM
A. Report reaching Middle Marker

54. There is GLD in VCY

A. There is Glider in Vicinity

55. Mntn INA

A. Maintain Initial Approach Altitude

56. AI889 Request SPOT and present spd

A. AI889 request spot winds and present speed.

Q2. TRANSMIT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CONTAINING ABBREVIATIONS IN FULL FORM/

EXPAND THE FOLLOWING AND TRANSMIT

1. R460 is AWY
Romeo 460 is Airway

2. Exercise ctn due CAT

Exercise caution due Clear Air Turbulence

3. Sgn received by RCC

Signal received by Rescue Coordination Centre

4. Rqst magnetic orientation of runway

QFU

5. Delhi is likely to have heavy fog

Delhi trend dense fog

6. VIBN aerodrome control VT-ATT R/W27 color has changed due to recent rain
Varanasi TWR VT-ATT RWY27 surface damp

7. VORY Tower VT-ATT I want to lift up & taxi in air

Rajamundry Tower VT-ATT request air taxi

8. VIBN aerodrome control VT-ATT I can see extensive standing water on R/W27
Varanasi Tower VT-ATT RWY27 flooded

9. AI7765 VARP tower select altitude reporting feature

AI7765 Raipur TWR squawk Charlie

10. VIKJ VDF VT-ATT what is my homing

Khajuraho Homer VT-ATT request QDM
11. VIBN aerodrome control VT-ATT RWY27 is soaked due to recent rain
Varanasi TWR VT-ATT RWY27 surface wet

12. AI7765 VARP tower operate special position identification feature

AI7765 Raipur TWR squawk IDENT

13. VIKJ VDF VT-ATT what is my true bearing from you

VIKJ Homer VT-ATT request QTE

Q3. TRANSMIT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCESWITH APPROPRIATE AVIATION WORDS/ FILL

IN THE BLANKS.

1. An Instrument approach has INITIAL segment, INTERMEDIATE segment and FINAL

segment.
2. Runway stripes comprises of STOPWAY & CLEARWAY of LANDING Aerodrome.
3. ATC service to Aerodrome Traffic is provided by AERODROME CONTROL TOWER.
4. Annexure 10 Vol.2 relates to COMMUNICATION PROCEDURES.
5. Approach Control Service is provided by APPROACH CONTROL OFFICE.
6. Guwahati FIR is from GL to FL265.
7. In RT “Standby’’ means WAIT and I WILL CALL YOU.
8. In RT “Control’’ is suffix to AREA, CONTROL, CENTER.
9. 9W is IATA of JET Airways
10. In AIP section of RAC relates to RULES OF AIR & AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES.
11. Airway is a CONTROLLED AIRSPACE in the form of a CORRIDOR having NAV AIDS
12. In AIP section MAP relates to AERONAUTICAL MAPS & CHARTS PUBLISHED
13. VFR flight can’t be flown more than 100 NM seawards from SHORELINE in
CONTROLLED AIRSPACE.
14. EAT is the time FOLLOWING a delay, an A/C will have its HOLDING for its APPROACH
to land.
15. A/C is in vicinity of aerodrome when it is leaving or entering AERODROME TRAFFIC
CIRCUIT.
16. Taxi is when A/C moves under its own power excluding TAKEOFF and LANDING.
17. VMC relate to Met conditions VISIBILITY and CLOUD CEILING.
18. Visibility is the ability to SEE & identify LIGHTED & PROMINENT OBJECTS, by night
19. Portion of RWY after threshold for A/C to touchdown is TOUCHDOWN ZONE.
20. R/W intended for T/O only is called TAKE-OFF RUNWAY
21. TWY including its adjoining prepared area is called TAXIWAY STRIP.
22. Aeronautical Beacon used to designate a danger to air navigation is HAZARD
BEACON.
23. Device that indicates visually the direction of landing and T/O is indicator LANDING
DIRECTION INDICATOR.
24. Aerodrome Reference point is designated GEOGRAPHICAL CENTER of an aerodrome.
25. Position at which taxiing A/C & vehicles shall stop until further cleared by ATC is
HOLD SHORT position.
26. RWY used for operation of A/C using visual approach procedure is called NON
INSTRUMENT RWY
27. In RT cleared means AUTHORISED TO PROCEED UNDER CONDITIONS SPECIFIED .
28. In RT altitude 10000 feet is given as ONE ZERO THOUSAND
29. Visibility is ability to SEE, IDENTIFY, DISTANT & PROMINENT objects
30. VHF emergency frequency is 121.5 MHz , 123.1 MHz and 243 MHz
31. In India SAR LUT are at BANGALORE, LUCKNOW and MCC at BANGALORE
32. In RT message, direction finding messages have priority over FLIGHT SAFETY
MESSAGE and Met messages have priority over FLIGHT REGULATORY MESSAGE.
33. AIP published by AAI contains GENERAL information of a LASTING character essential
to AIR NAVIGATION.
34. International NOTAMS are issued by NOF (INTERNATIONAL NOTAM OFFICE).
35. Position reports shall be made when REQUESTED BY ATC or as soon as possible
REACHING compulsory reporting point.
36. Operation information in Routine Air Report contains ETA and ENDURANCE.
37. ITU stands for INTERNATION TELECOMMUNICATION UNION Headquarter at GENEVA
(SWITZERLAND).
38. ATC services are GROUND TO AIR, A/C to A/C service and AIR TO AIR.
39. Inter Pilot frequency is 123.45 MHz
40. In HF communications we use PRIMARY and SECONDARY FREQUENCY.
41. NOTAM is NOTICE TO AIR MISSIONS distributed by RESPECTIVE NOF.
42. PANS is PROCEDURE FOR AIR NAVIGATION SERVICES.
43. AFTN data is FORWARDED IN CODED FORM TO ALL ENROUTE ATCs.
44. DATIS info is ABOUT WEATHER and other info about AD.
45. Runway light types are REDL, RENL, CENTRE LIGHT, THR LIGHT, APPROACH LIGHT.
46. Distance between RWY and holding point is 50m
47. Call sign suffix of HF Aeronautical Station Radio
48. ATC clearance is obtained from CLEARANCE DELIVERY.
49. The suffix used for ATC clearance delivery is DELIVERY
50. Area where we park the A/C is APRON
51. At airport we get the wind direction by WIND SOCK.
52. Controlled airspace at AD is called CONTROLLED AD
53. Morse code of SOS is …---… and for URGENCY is (XXX) (-..-, -..-, -..-)
54. Wet surface of runway means NO SIGNIFICANT PATCHES OF WATER.
55. In aviation how will you store date and time – IN UTC.
56. Damp Runway means CHANGES IN COLOR OF RWY DUE MOISTURE
57. Standing of water means RUNWAY FLOODED.
58. R/W surface wet means SURFACE OF RWY IS SOAKED BUT THERE ARE NO PATCHES
OF STANDING WATER.
59. 0 OCTA clouds are indicated in METAR by SKY CLEAR (SKC).
60. Apart from main frequency you maintain listening watch on 121.5 MHz
61. To cancel MAYDAY call, CANCEL DISTRESS/ CANCEL MAYDAY is used.
62. All tfc in manoeuvering area of AD and all A/C in vicinity of AD are AERODROME
TRAFFIC.
63. RVR at beginning of RWY is TOUCH DOWN RVR, in middle of RWY is MIDPOINT RVR
and end of it is STOP END.
Q4. TRANSMIT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCE USING TRUE AND FALSE ONLY

1. If emergency conditions exist switch the transponder mode to code 7600

FALSE: If emergency conditions exist switch the transponder mode to code 7700

2. A signal made by Radio Telephony consisting of the group SOS (...___...) in morse code
TRUE

3. The layer of positively charged particles caused due to presence of UV rays is called
Ionosphere.
TRUE (IONOSPHERE HAS BOTH –ve and +ve CHARGED PARTICLES)

4. Frequency Range 2-4 GHz is known as C-BAND

FALSE: Frequency Range 2-4 GHz is known as S-BAND

5. Bearing measured from Magnetic North is true bearing

FALSE: Bearing measured from True North is true bearing

6. In case of emergency make the initial call on frequency in use, if not possible squawk 7600
and call on 121.5
FALSE: 7700 , TRUE: 121.5

7. If automatic altitude keeping device fails, pilot will be “Neg RVSM’’

FALSE: Unable RVSM

8. Operating frequency band for VHF communication is 118-137 MHz and voice is modulated
using frequency.
FALSE: using amplitude modulation

9. In radio wave propagation, the direction and velocity both changes while passing from one
medium to another
TRUE

10. Static disturbance, larger antenna size and high TX power are drawbacks of lower frequency
TRUE

11. ADF uses a loop aerial to determine the direction and a sense aerial to resolve 180 degree
ambiguity
TRUE

12. Frequency band used for NDB in India is 200-400 KHz

FALSE: 190-450 KHz

13. In secondary radar, radio signal transmitted from the position to be determined
TRUE

14. Middle Marker transmits a 2 dashes per second tone which is audio modulated on 400KHz
FALSE: Outer Marker

15. DME is working on the principle of primary radar

FALSE: secondary radar
16. QDR is magnetic bearing of A/C from the station
TRUE

17. VOR Transmits two signals at the same time. One signal in all directions, while the other is
rotated about the station.
TRUE

18. Frequency range 8-12 GHz is known as S-Band

FALSE: X-BAND

19. The height of ionosphere apparently decreases during night

FALSE: increases

20. ACAS III uses Mode S to give horizontal advisories also

TRUE

21. Location indicator of Jaipur is VEJP

FALSE: VIJP

22. ICAO code for Indigo Airlines is 6E

FALSE: IGO

23. For above flight ‘SELCAL’ facility is not available

TRUE

24. QRM is interference due to equipment or man interference

TRUE

25. Area marked east of Songarh is Prohibited area

FALSE: Restricted area

26. Frequency band 30-300 MHz is VHF band

TRUE

27. Ground waves are the waves which travel along the surface of the earth
TRUE

28. Frequency range 4-8 GHz is known as L-Band

FALSE: C-BAND

29. VOR stands for visual Omni range

FALSE: Very High Frequency Omni Direction Radio Range

30. In VOR, both signals are interlocked at 000 magnetic north with zero phase difference
TRUE

31. LORAN stands for low range navigation

FALSE: Long-range navigation

32. Frequency range of 4-8 GHz is known as C-Band

TRUE
33. Radio waves are reflected by objects commensurate with their wavelength
FALSE

34. GSM stands for global satellite for mobile

TRUE

Q5. Transmit the following sentences with appropriate Aviation words or fill in the blanks

1. QNE is 1013.25 hpa

2. PANS stands for Procedures for Air Navigation Services
3. ATIS transmits essential information like active RWY, wx info and other info like
transition level as a repetitive broadcast updated regularly
4. AFTN service passing info to another AFTN service is called Ground-Ground
communication or Intercentre communication
5. NOTAM is used for passing info concerning estimated condition or change in any
aeronautical facility, service procedure or Hazard to stations using AIS
6. Any unserviceability in any eqpt on grnd is passed using NOTAMS
7. Visibility observed by observer on ground is ground visibility
8. RR is issued by ITU based at Geneva
9. 10 minutes prior, you should seek permission to cross and join ATS Route
10. AD tfc consists of A/C in vicinity and maneuvering area and controlled by Aerodrome
controller
11. ATS Route designator consists of alphabets, numerical
12. Transmissometer is used for RVR
13. Special VFR is authorised when visibility is less than specified minima
14. BFO is switched on for A1A signal
15. SARPS is Standard And Recommended Practices
16. ITU HQ is in Geneva and ITU stands for International Telecommunication Union
17. Urgent call has PAN PAN x3 in beginning and Medical distress in armed conflict has PAN
PAN MEDICAL x3
18. Before giving an RT call check that the correct frequency is set and listen out to ensure
no interference
19. SPECI is issued when the wx at Station changes rapidly
20. TMA is controlled area with more than two ATS routes
21. In VFR visibility is 5Km below 10,000ft and 8Km above 10,000ft and ceiling is 300 m
22. In SVFR the ceiling is 300 m
23. Loc designator allocated to each airport around the world by ICAO
24. ATC is part of ATS
25. EET is from take off time to time of estimated arrival overhead Nav Aid of destination for
instrument apch
26. Aerodrome traffic is all A/C in maneuvering area and in vicinity of aerodrome
27. QNE is measurement of altitude from specific datum of 1013.25 hpa
28. During specified wind conditions specified path of aircraft on maneuvering area is called
the taxi circuit
29. UTC Time of 24 hours begins at midnight and written as 0000Z
30. SAR service is provided by Alerting service
31. ATC service is provided to aerodrome traffic in ATZ (Aerodrome Traffic Zone)
Q6. Translate the following sentences using correct value /word from bold option

1. Class A bearing is accurate within( ±1, ±2, ±3) degree and psn accurate within 5 NM
Class A bearing is accurate within ±2 degree and psn accurate within 5 NM

2. ( Low, Medium ,High) wake turbulence MTOM of an aircraft between 7000-136000

kg
Medium wake turbulence MTOM of an aircraft between 7000-136000 kg

3. The word (Medium ,Super, Heavy) is to be included after the call sign or initial
contact for A380
The word Super is to be included after the call sign or initial contact for A380

4. In case of hijack or grave violence switch transponder mode to code

(7500,7600,7700)
In case of hijack or grave violence switch transponder mode to code 7500

5. During night D Layer disappears and electron density (Increase, Decrease,

unchanged) in E layer
During night D Layer disappears and electron density Decreases in E layer

MISC QUESTIONS

Q1. DEFINE THE FOLLOWING IN ONE SENTENCE

1. Heading :
The direction in which longitudinal axis of A/C is pointing

2. Missed Approach Procedure :

MAP is to be followed when approach can’t be continued due to any reason

3. Threshold : beginning portion of RWY usable for landing

4. Minimum Descend Altitude : Altitude below which decision may not be made
without visual reference in non- precision approach

5. Cruising level : The significant level where A/C is flown, straight and level during
the flight.
Q2. TRANSMIT THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES GIVEN IN ENGLISH IN AVIATION LANGUAGE AND USE
PROPER PHRASES/PHRASEOLOGY AS AND WHERE REQUIRED.

1. VT-HIP watch out for a glider flying near Aerodrome

VT-HIP Exercise caution glider flying in vicinity of AD

2. IT3321 runway surface is slippery. Be careful.

IT3321 RWY surface wet caution.

3. Jodhpur VT-EDL what are your operational hours

Jodhpur VT-EDL Req watch hours.

4. Delhi VT-LOM Yes we are approved for RVSM

Delhi VT-LOM Affirm RVSM apv

5. Madurai VT-BNJ we are established on VASIS

Madurai VT-BNJ mntn VASIS

Q3.WRITE THE FOLLOWING IN ABBREVIATED FORM.

1. Aerodrome forecast, aviation routine weather report:

TAF, METAR

2. Immigration, High Frequency Direction Finding Station:

IMG, HDF

3. Aeronautical Information Regulation and Control:

AIRAC

4. Landing Direction Indicator, Taxiway Link, Yellow Caution Zone:

LDI, TWYL, WTSPT, YCJZ

5. Tail wind:
TAIL
Q4. TRANSMIT & WRITE THE FOLLOWING AVIATION ABBREVIATION IN FULL ENGLISH FORM

1. VOLMET : Volume Meteorological Information for Aircraft in Flight

: Voice Weather Broadcast/ Voice Meteorological Broadcast
2. ROFOR : Route Forecast
3. PB/PBA : Pushback/Performance Based Approach
4. XCVR : Transceiver
5. PRKG : Parking
6. SPECI : Aviation Selected Special Weather Report
7. GS,G/S : Ground Speed or Ground Station, Glideslope
8. ABM : Abeam
9. WXR : Weather Radar
10. PJE : Parachute Jumping Exercise
11. NC : No Change
12. VIS : Visibility
13. ATA : Actual Time Of Arrival
14. ATS : Air Traffic Services
15. AWY : Airway
16. COMbrfg: Communication Briefing
17. REDL : Runway Edge Lights
18. RTN : Return
19. TECR : Technical Reason
20. EET : Estimated Elapsed Time
21. EAT : Expected Approach Time
22. QFE : Code for Field Elevation
23. QNE : Standard Atmospheric Setting 29.92’’ of Hg or 1013 Hpa
24. RVSM : Reduced Vertical Separation Minima
25. TORA : Take Off Run Available
26. UTC : Coordinated Universal Time
27. METAR : Meteorological Aviation Routine Report
28. PRESFR : Pressure Falling Rapidly
29. NOTAM : Notice to Air Missions/ Airmen
30. ICAO : International Civil Aviation Organisation
31. CFL : Cruising Flight Level
32. FOD : Foreign Object Damage
33. GNSS : Global Navigation Satellite System
34. TOP : Cloud Top
35. TA : Transition Altitude/ Traffic Advisory
36. TAIL : Tail Wind
37. Wpt : Waypoint
38. X : Cross
39. Xmtr : Transmitter
40. ACAS : Airborne Collision Avoidance System
41. PN : Prior Notice Required
42. Ptn : Procedure Turn
43. RLCE : Request Level Change Enroute