INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL

SECURITY CONCEPTS
PREPARED BY: REYMA G. SANDIGAN, RCrim.
 LESSON 1
DEFINITION OF SECURITY

-Generally, the meaning of security is a kind of

state where people, institution, authority or groups feel
fully secured of feeling, free from any threat or
vulnerability from somewhere or someone in his/her
life, liberty, property or activity. It could be in physical,
psychological, social or economical form.
-It is a state or quality of being secured, freedom
from fear or danger, assurance, certainty.

-It is the degree of protection against danger,

loss, and criminals.

-Protection against any type of crime to

safeguard life and assets by various methods
and device.
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SECURITY
1. Command Responsibility-Cannot be delegated
but the security tasks can be assigned.
2. Compartmentation -Need to know basis
3. Balance between security and efficiency -
Security prevails over efficiency
4. General principles of security remain
constant -specific measures to suit
operations.

5. Security is the concern of all personnel -

regardless of rank, position, designation.
TYPES OF SECURITY MEASURES FOR AN
EFFECTIVE DEFENSE AGAINST CRIMES:
1. ACTIVE MEASURES – these involve the installation
of physical barriers, security lighting, use of vaults,
locks and others.
2.PASSIVE MEASURES – those that will deter man
from committing such act of fear of being caught,
charge in court or get dismissed, such as: security
education, programs, investigations, seminars,
personnel security check.
BRIEF HISTORY OF SECURITY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
-The private security business began on March
11, 1933, when the first formally licensed
private security agency “Special Watchman
Agency” started its operations;
-Later it renamed “Jimenez Security Agency”,
founded by brothers Juan and Pedro Jimenez;
-On May 30 1958, the Philippine Association of
Detectives and Protective Agency Operations
(PADPAO) were formally organized;

-RA 5487 was passed on June 13, 1969 through

the continuous lobbying of the incorporators and
officers of PADPAO, which set the standards and
minimum requirements for the operations of
security agencies.
-P.D. 11 was passed on October 3, 1972, widening
the coverage of RA 5487 to include security guards
employed in logging concessions, agricultural, mining
and pasture lands;

-P.D. 100 was issued on January 17, 1973,

broadening the coverage of the security industry to
include employees of the national or local government
or any agency who are employed to watch or secure
government building and properties.
-On August 1969, the Philippine Constabulary
activated the Security and Investigation
Supervisory Office or SIASO to supervise and
control the organization and operation of private
security and detective agencies nationwide;

-Later it was renamed Philippine Constabulary

Supervisory Office for Security and
Investigation agencies or PCSUSIA.
-With the passage of RA 6975, this unit was
absorbed by the Philippine National Police;

-later it was made into a division of the PNP

civil security group and was renamed
Security Agencies and Guard Supervision
Division(SAGSD);

-it was renamed to PNP Supervisory Office

for Security Investigation Agency (SOSIA).
 THREE MAJOR AREAS OF SECURITY

1. Physical Security
2. Personnel Security
3. Document and Information Security
 TYPES OF SECURITY
• 1.PHYSICAL SECURITY -a system of barriers placed between
the potential intruder and the objects/matter to be protected. It
is the broadest branch of security, which is concerned with
physical measures adopted to prevent unauthorized access to
equipment, facilities, materials and documents and to
safeguard them against espionage, sabotage, damage and theft.
OBJECTIVES:

a. To protect the organization’s asset;

b. To make access so difficult that an intruder will not
dare attempt penetration.
CONCEPTS:
a. Enemy agents will always seek access;
b. Surreptitious entry is the greatest hazard to security;
c. There are no impenetrable barriers;
d. Each installation is different.
FACTORS THAT BRING INSECURE
CONDITION:

1. Threat – An indication of impending danger or

harm;
- positive inimical acts
2. Hazard – A chance of being injured or harmed;
-passive inimical acts
3. Vulnerability – inability to withstand the
effects of a hostile environment
-measure of how open an establishment to
intrusion, attack or injury.

4. Risk – is the potential that a chosen action

or activity (including the choice of inaction) will
lead to a loss (an undesirable outcome).
-probability of an event to happen that will
lead to loss.
 Factors in Selecting Security Safeguards
1. Site Characteristics- Selection of safeguards can be
influenced by the nature of the site as the size , lay-out,
utilities, internal activities and assets in the site.
2. Environment- this refers to the area surrounding the
facility.
3. Forces of Nature. Also at play in the selection of
safeguards are the environment’s climate, weather and
natural forces.
4. Crime. Crime pattern must be considered in selecting the
necessary countermeasures.