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British Autobiographies: An Annotated Bibliography of British Autobiographies Published or Written before 1951 William Matthews full chapter instant download
British Autobiographies: An Annotated Bibliography of British Autobiographies Published or Written before 1951 William Matthews full chapter instant download
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BRITISH AUTOBIOGRAPHIES
BRITISH
AUTOBIOGRAPHIES
An Annotated Bibliography of British
Autobiographies Published or
Written Before i g j i
COMPILED BY
WILLIAM MATTHEWS
U N I V E R S I T Y OF C A L I F O R N I A P R E S S
B E R K E L E Y , LOS A N G E L E S , LONDON
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS
CALIFORNIA
LONDON, ENGLAND
COPYRIGHT, 1955, BY
ISBN 0-520-05357-5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
TO
LOIS
PREFACE
M
vili P R E F A C E
WILLIAM MATTHEWS.
ACLAND, Sarah Angelina. Old lady's Bnily Henderson (1871). Mainly auto-
reminiscences of country life and Ox- biography and diary; legal career;so-
ford where her father was a professor cial life in London; artists, writers
of medicine; early 19th Century. MS, visits to Paris. 30
Bodleian, Eng. Misc. d.214. 19
ANON. Adventures of a Young lady (L
ACTON, Harold Mario Mitchell. Mem- 1880). A farmer's daughter who worked
oirs of an Aesthete (1948). literary as governess in diplomat's family;her
life; the brilliant Oxford generation capture by Arabs, sale as slave; res-
after WW1; Evelyn Waugh; writers and cue, marriage; fiction? 31
artists. 20
ADYE, Major-Gen. Sir John. Soldiers
ADAM, Hargrave Lee. Old Days at the and Others I Have Known (19257.Army
Old Bailey (1932).Trials, lawyers and career from 1876; Egypt,India & South
Judges; reforms; good. 21 Africa; Boer War; WW1; Staff College;
celebrities. 32
ADAM, Ronald.Overture and Beginners
(1938). WW1 and after; London theatre ADYE, Gen. Sir John Miller. Recol-
productions at the Embassy. 22 lections (1895). Artillery; surveyor-
general of ordnance in Crimea, Indian
ADAMS, Bill (Bertram Martin). Ships Mutiny, Egyptian War; 1854-82. 33
and Women (Boston, 1937). Childhood
in England; hardships at sea; farming AFLALO, Frederick George.Salt of My
on Cape Horn; adventures. 23 Life (1905). Lifetime of sea-fishing,
England and abroad. 34
ADAMS, Henry. Seme Reminiscences (L
1925). A civil engineer for 75 years; AGATE, James Evershed. Ego (1935).
public works and docks;amusements and Begins as autobiography of childhood;
social life; London; science. 24 Journalism and theatre in London up to
1932; diverges into diaries. 35
ADAMS, Capt.John Bernard P. Nothing
of Importance (1917). Cambridge; ser- AGG-GARDNER, Sir James.Some Parlia-
vice with Welsh regiment in France in mentary Recollections (1927). Harrow;
WW1; fresh and sensitive. 25 Cambridge; M.P. for Cheltenham; Con-
servative politics and politicians in
ADAMS, Joseph. Fifty Years' Angling 1868-1911. 36
(1938). Reminiscences of sport in Eng-
lish, European, Canadian rivers. 26 AGNEW, Derek. Bevin Boy (1947). Pit
work in Kent under Bevin plan, WW2; a
ADAMS, William. An Old English Pot- realistic picture of mining life. 37
ter (1904). Work and life in Staffs.;
travels in England and Europe; end of AINGER, Arthur Campbell.Memories of
18th Century. 27 Eton (1917). Schoolboy in 50's; sport
traditions, master*.celebrities. 38
ADAMS, William Alexander.Twenty-Six
Years' Reminiscences (1892). Country AINSLIE, Ainslie Douglas.Adventures
life in Scotland; mainly devoted to a Social and Literary (1922).Diplomatic
technical description of the shooting career; anecdotes of public personages
of grouse. 28 society and writers; travels; England
and France, 39
ADDISON, Lt.Col.Henry Robert. Diary
of a Judge (L.1660); Recollections of AINSLIE, Philip Barrington ("Philo-
an Irish Police Magistrate (L. 1862): Scotus"). ttemir^ nf-encea of a Scot-
All at Sea (1864) .Work as a subaltern tish Gentleman (1861). Edinburgh life
and police magistrate in Limerick, in and society in 1790's; early years in
the twenties; Journey to West Africa, the navy; Napoleon; West Indian plan-
to take up official post; administra- ter; business in Liverpool; travels;
tion. 29 may be fiction. 40
- 2 -
A.41 BRITISH AUTOBIOGRAPHIES A.60
- 3 -
A. 61 BRITISH AUTOBIOGRAPHIES A. 82
Memories (1922). The Ufa & work of a AMES, Leslie. How's Zat (1938). The
sporting Journalist and Tory; horse- career and sporting reminiscences of
racing; The Sportman: Bohemians; and Kent and England wicketkeeper & bats-
celebrated sport men. 83 man; English & Australian players. 94
- 5 -
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were comparatively free, though the difference in the amount of
shelling of the two places was not noticeable.
Of great importance with all gases is the posting of a sufficient
number of sentries around men sleeping within the range of gas
shell. The worst projector gas attack against the Americans was one
where the projectors were landed among a group of dugouts
containing men asleep without sentries. The result was a very heavy
casualty list, coupled with a high death rate, the men being gassed in
their sleep before they were awakened.
Degassing Units
Since mustard gas has a greatly delayed action it was found that
if men who had been exposed to it could be given a thorough bath
with soap and water within a half hour or even a full hour, the
mustard gas burns would be prevented or very greatly reduced in
severity. Accordingly degassing units were developed consisting
essentially of a 5 ton truck with a 1200 gallon water tank, fitted with
an instantaneous heater and piping to connect it to portable shower
baths. Another truck was kept loaded with extra suits of
underclothing and uniforms. These degassing units were to be
provided at the rate of two per division. Then, in the event of a
mustard gas attack anywhere in the division, one of these units
would be rushed to that vicinity and the men brought out of the line
and given a bath and change of clothing as soon as possible. At the
same time they were given a drink of bicarbonate of soda water and
their eyes, ears, mouth and nasal passages washed with the same.
Alarm Signals
Numerous, indeed, were the devices invented at one time or
another with which to sound gas alarms. The English early devised
the Strombos horn, a sort of trumpet operated by compressed air
contained in cylinders carried for that purpose. Its note is penetrating
and can be heard, under good conditions, for three or four miles.
When cloud gas attacks, which occurred only at intervals of two to
four months, were the only gas attacks to be feared, it was easy
enough to provide for alarm signals by methods as cumbersome and
as technically delicate as the Strombos horn.
With the advent of shell gas in general, and mustard gas in
particular, the number of gas attacks increased enormously. This
made it not only impossible, but inadvisable also, to furnish sufficient
Strombos horns for all gas alarms, as gas shell attacks are
comparatively local. In such cases, if the Strombos horn is used to
give warning, it causes troops who are long distances out of the area
attacked to take precautions against gas with consequent
interference with their work or fighting.
To meet these local conditions metal shell cases were first hung
up and the alarm sounded on them. Later steel triangles were used
in the same way. At a still later date the large policeman’s rattle, well
known in Europe, was adopted and following that the Klaxon horn.
As the warfare of movement developed the portability of alarm
apparatus became of prime importance. For those reasons the
Klaxon horn and the police rattle were having a race for popularity
when the Armistice was signed.
A recent gas alarm invention that gives promise is a small siren-
like whistle fired into the air like a bomb. It is fitted with a parachute
which keeps it from falling too rapidly when the bomb explodes and
sets it free. Its tone is said to be very penetrating and to be quite
effective over an ample area. Since future gas alarm signals must be
efficient and must be portable, the lighter and more compact they
can be made the better; hence the desirability of parachute whistles
or similar small handy alarms.
Summing Up
In summing up then, it is noted that there are several important
things in defense against gas. First, the mask which protects the
eyes and the lungs. Second, the training that teaches the man how
to utilize to best advantage the means of protection at his disposal,
whether he be alone or among others. Third, protective clothing that
protects hands and feet and the skin in general. Fourth, a knowledge
of gases and their tactical use that will enable commanders,
whenever possible, to move men out of gas infected areas. Fifth,
training in the offensive use of gas, as well as in defensive methods,
to teach the man that gas has no uncanny power and that it is simply
one element of war that must be reckoned with, thus preventing
stampedes when there is really no danger.
While these are the salient points in defense against gas, above
them and beyond them lies the vigorous offensive use of gas. This
involves not only the research, development and manufacture of
necessary gases in peace time, but also the necessary training to
enable our nation to hurl upon the enemy on the field of battle
chemical warfare materials in quantities he cannot hope to attain.
CHAPTER XXV
PEACE TIME USES OF GAS
“Peace hath her victories no less renowned than war.” Thus runs
the old proverb. In ancient times war profited by peace far more than
peace profited by war if indeed the latter ever actually occurred. The
implements developed for the chase in peace became the weapons
of war. This was true of David’s sling-shot, of the spear and of the
bow. Even powder itself was probably intended and used for scores
of years for celebrations and other peaceful events.
The World War reversed this story, especially in its later phases.
The greater part of the war was fought with implements and
machines prepared in peace either for war or for peaceful purposes.
Such implements were the aeroplane, submarine, truck, automobile
and gasoline motors in general. The first gas attack, which was
simply an adaptation of the peacetime use of the chemical chlorine,
inaugurated the change. Gas was so new and instantly recognized
as so powerful that the best brains in research among all the first
class powers were put to work to develop other gases and other
means of projecting them upon the enemy. The result was that in the
short space of three and one-half years a number of substances
were discovered, or experimented with anew, that are aiding today
and will continue to aid in the future in the peaceful life of every
nation.
Chlorine is even more valuable than ever as a disinfectant and
water purifier. It is the greatest bleaching material in the world, and
has innumerable other uses in the laboratory. Chloropicrin, cyanogen
chloride and cyanogen bromide are found to be very well adapted to
the killing of weevil and other similar insect destroyers of grain.
Hydrocyanic acid gas is the greatest destroyer today of insect pests
that otherwise would ruin the beautiful orange and lemon groves of
California and the South.
Fig. 120.