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Post-Capitalist Futures
Paradigms, Politics,
and Prospects

Edited by
Samuel Alexander
Sangeetha Chandrashekeran
Brendan Gleeson
Alternatives and Futures: Cultures, Practices,
Activism and Utopias

Series Editor
Anitra Nelson
Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute
The University of Melbourne
Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Movements such as degrowth, Occupy, solidarity economies, permacul-
ture, low impact living and Via Campesina variously address key issues of
the contemporary era such as inequalities of wealth and income, environ-
mental crises, and achieving sustainable cities and production. This series
demonstrates the breadth, depth, significance and potential of ‘­ alternatives’
in the construction of this century, focusing on the type of future each
movement advocates and their strategic agenda.
Alternatives and Futures is of interest to scholars and students across
the social sciences and humanities, especially those working in environ-
mental sustainability, politics and policymaking, environmental justice,
grassroots governance, heterodox economics and activism.
The series offers a forum for constructive critique and analytical reflec-
tion of movements’ directions, activism and activists, their assumptions,
drivers, aims, visions of alternative futures and actual performance and
influence.

More information about this series at

http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/15864
 Samuel Alexander
Sangeetha Chandrashekeran
Brendan Gleeson
Editors

Post-Capitalist
Futures
Paradigms, Politics, and Prospects
Editors
Samuel Alexander Sangeetha Chandrashekeran
Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute
University of Melbourne University of Melbourne
Parkville, VIC, Australia Parkville, VIC, Australia

Brendan Gleeson
Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute
University of Melbourne
Parkville, VIC, Australia

ISSN 2523-7063     ISSN 2523-7071 (electronic)

Alternatives and Futures: Cultures, Practices, Activism and Utopias
ISBN 978-981-16-6529-5    ISBN 978-981-16-6530-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6530-1

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore
Pte Ltd. 2022
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
­transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
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The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
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Singapore
 Series Preface for Post-Capitalist Futures

The Alternatives and Futures: Cultures, Practices, Activism and Utopias

series, launched in 2021, explores twenty-first-century movements that
challenge the economic and political order of global capitalism by devel-
oping new cultures, new practices, and campaigning for alternative
futures. In the turmoil of gross injustices, inequities, and ecosystem
destruction, the series aims to offer clear analyses, proposals, and debates.
This second book in the series offers a smorgasbord of analyses of where
we are now and radical visions of post-capitalist futures where fair and
just relationships and ecological sustainability are paramount.
Certain contributors have particular foci and address specific ques-
tions. What can we elicit about futures from the forces of right and left
competing to persuade the majority of societal discontents? What are
possible futures for Chinese state capitalism? Why is diversity significant,
from a community economies perspective? How might we best define the
appropriate uses and control of technology to drive more just and sus-
tainable futures? Which ways are optimum to deal with exponential debts
caused by falling output due to cuts in carbon emission and extensive
investments needed to develop alternative energy supplies?
Other contributors explore deep system change. There are ecosocialist
visions, from state-oriented and market-regulating plans for transforma-
tion to grassroots community modes of production networked across a
pluriverse globe where market, money, and state dissolve into
v
vi Series Preface for Post-Capitalist Futures

commoning and co-governance. Degrowth, which focuses on humanity

living within Earth’s limits in equitable and convivial ways, offers redis-
tributive state policies and community-based economic initiatives that
inspire—and are inspired by—cultural acceptance of material sufficiency
versus exponential growth. Strong arguments are put for direct provision
of universal basic services, incorporating participatory democracy and
guaranteed work, rather than a market-oriented universal basic
income scheme.
In contrast to a materials- and energy-hungry, technology-driven green
new deal, a transformation based on core human-oriented and earth-­
centred infrastructure is proposed. In terms of advances for first peoples
and addressing conditions wrought by global heating, there is a call for
contemporary states to cede political autonomy and subsidiarity, for sen-
tient landscapes to inspire as-it-were sentient economies—plural, hybrid
economies. Renewal of cultural and ecological diversity, based on a poli-
tics and economics of localisation and resistance, with decentralisation
and appropriate technologies joined up by international alliances and
common principles offers a future imbued with the sacred.
Ecological justice triumphs in the case of a tiny South Indian town’s
struggle to stop Coca-Cola polluting and hogging their water supplies, a
struggle that spreads like a pandemic to a national campaign and on to a
manifesto on the universal right to access quality water. Significantly, the
collection concludes with a collectively written intellectual massage draw-
ing emotions and subjectivities and localities to the centre of practice.
In short, this collection offers an array of insights for those seeking
inspiration in dark times, for reading and discussion groups, for under-
graduates and academics in a range of fields. As Malcolm X said in 1962
‘The future belongs to those who prepare for it today.’

Melbourne, VIC, Australia Anitra Nelson

5 May 2021
 Contents

1 Introduction  1
Samuel Alexander, Sangeetha Chandrashekeran, and
Brendan Gleeson

Part I Alternative Paradigms for Post-­Capitalist Futures  21

2 The Race to Replace a Dying Neoliberalism 23

Walden Bello

3 Ecosocialism from a Post-Development Perspective 31

Anitra Nelson

4 Post-Capitalism Now: A Community Economies Approach  41

Jenny Cameron

5 Collective Sufficiency: Degrowth as a Political Project 53

Samuel Alexander and Brendan Gleeson

6 China: Capitalism and Change? 65

Michael Webber

Part II Governing for Post-Capitalist Futures  75

7 From Technological Utopianism to Universal Basic Services  77

Boris Frankel

vii
viii Contents

8 Ecofeminist Political Economy: Critical Reflections on the

Green New Deal 87
Christine Bauhardt

9 The Macroeconomics of Degrowth: Can Planned

Economic Contraction Be Stable? 97
Steve Keen

10 Post-Capitalist Techno-Futures: Beyond Instrumental

Utopianism107
Sangeetha Chandrashekeran and Jathan Sadowski

11 Crises, COVID, and the Climate State117

Peter Christoff

Part III Post-Capitalist Geographies and Resistance 127

12 Localisation: The World Beyond Capitalism129

Helena Norberg-Hodge

13 Indigenous Australians and Their Lands: Post-Capitalist

Development Alternatives141
Jon Altman

14 Environmental Justice Movements as Mediums of Post-­

Capitalist Futures: Perspectives from India153
Brototi Roy

15 Careful Thinking: Pensar Cuidando—Henvupen Yaconso165

Camila Marambio, Hema’ny Molina, and Bárbara Saavedra

Index179
 Notes on Contributors

Samuel Alexander is a lecturer and researcher at the University of

Melbourne, Australia, teaching a course called ‘Consumerism and the
Growth Economy: Critical Interdisciplinary Perspectives’ as part of the
Master of Environment. He is also a research fellow at the Melbourne
Sustainable Society Institute and co-director of the Simplicity Institute.
Alexander’s interdisciplinary research focuses on degrowth, permacul-
ture, voluntary simplicity, ‘grassroots’ theories of transition, and the rela-
tionship between culture and political economy. His recent books
(co-authored with Brendan Gleeson) include Degrowth in the Suburbs
(2019) and Urban Awakenings (2020).
Jon Altman initially trained as a development economist then as an
anthropologist. He has undertaken field-based research on Indigenous
development alternatives in remote Australia for over four decades. His
approach deploys the theoretical lenses of economic hybridity emphasis-
ing the resilience of non-capitalist production relations based on kinship
and custom. He is currently an emeritus professor at the School of
Regulation and Global Governance, The Australian National University,
and a director of several not-for-profit organisations that support alter-
nate development thinking, activism, and practice.
Christine Bauhardt is professor at Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
where she heads the division of Gender and Globalisation. She holds a
ix
x Notes on Contributors

PhD in political science and wrote her second book on the theory and
politics of spatial and environmental planning. Her latest publication is
the edited volume Feminist Political Ecology and the Economics of Care
(with Wendy Harcourt), published in the Routledge Studies in Ecological
Economics series. Her work focuses on feminist economics, ecofemi-
nism, queer ecologies, and environmental politics with a special interest
in technical infrastructures.
Walden Bello is the co-founder of and current senior analyst at the
Bangkok-based Focus on the Global South, and is International Adjunct
Professor of Sociology at the State University of New York at Binghamton.
He received the Right Livelihood Award, also known as the Alternative
Nobel Prize, in 2003, and was named Outstanding Public Scholar of the
International Studies Association in 2008. He is the author or co-­author
of 25 books, the latest of which is Counterrevolution: The Global Rise of the
Far Right (2019). He served in the Philippines’ House of Representatives
from 2009 to 2015, during which time he was the chairman of that
body’s Committee on Overseas Workers’ Affairs.
Jenny Cameron is a Conjoint Associate Professor in the Discipline of
Geography and Environmental Studies at the University of Newcastle,
Australia. She is currently Deputy Chair and Secretary of the Community
Economies Institute and was a founding member of the Community
Economies Research Network. As an activist and academic she has been
involved in community, research, and teaching activities that shed light
on the economic diversity that already exists in the world and that forms
the basis for building post-capitalist worlds now.
Sangeetha Chandrashekeran is a geographer at the University of
Melbourne. She is Deputy Director of the Melbourne Sustainable Society
Institute and senior research fellow at the Centre of Excellence for Children
and Families over the Life Course. Sangeetha’s research examines issues of
equity and justice in environmental change. She has focused on the energy
transition in Australia and the role of the state in marketisation of the sector.
Peter Christoff is Senior Research Fellow with the Melbourne Climate
Futures initiative and Associate Professor with the School of Geography
at the University of Melbourne. His research focuses on Australian and
 Notes on Contributors xi

international climate and environmental policy, and his books include

Globalisation and the Environment (with Robyn Eckersley) (2013) and
Four Degrees of Global Warming: Australia in a Hot World (2013).
Boris Frankel is Honorary Principal Fellow, Melbourne Institute of
Sustainable Society, University of Melbourne. He is a long-established
author, teacher, and media commentator. His most recent books are the
trilogy Fictions of Sustainability: The Politics of Growth and Post-Capitalist
Futures (2018), Capitalism Versus Democracy? Rethinking Politics in the Age
of Environmental Crisis (2020), and Democracy Versus Sustainability (2021).
Brendan Gleeson is Professor of Urban Policy Studies and Director of
the Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute at the University of
Melbourne. He researches urban and social issues. His recent books,
Degrowth in the Suburbs (2019) and Urban Awakenings (2020) were writ-
ten with Samuel Alexander.
Steve Keen is Professor of Economics and Distinguished Research Fellow
at the Institute for Strategy, Resilience and Security at University College
London. A specialist in complex systems modelling in economics, he has
publications on nonequilibrium macroeconomics, environmental eco-
nomics, the role of energy in production, critiques of Neoclassical and
Marxian economics, monetary dynamics, empirical data on causes of
financial crises, and economic methodology. He is author of Debunking
Economics (2001, 2011), Can We Avoid Another Financial Crisis? (2017),
and The New Economics: A Manifesto (2021). He is also winner of the
Revere Award for being the economist ‘who first and most clearly antici-
pated and gave public warning of the Global Financial Collapse and whose
work is most likely to prevent another GFC in the future’.
Camila Marambio (Papudo, Chile) is a curator and founded Ensayos in
2010 motivated by the strong sentiment that Tierra del Fuego is the cen-
tre of the world. Marambio holds a PhD in Curatorial Practice from
Monash University, Naarm/Melbourne; an MA in Modern Art: Curatorial
Studies from Columbia University, NYC; and a Master of Experiments
in Art and Politics, Sciences Po, Paris. She is postdoctoral fellow at The
Seedbox: A Mistra-Formas Environmental Humanities Collaboratory,
Linkoping University, Sweden. She is co-author of the books Slow Down
xii Notes on Contributors

Fast, A Toda Raja with Cecilia Vicuña (2019) and Sandcastles: Cancer as
Dangerous Talent with Nina Lykke (forthcoming, 2022).
Hema’ny Molina (Santiago, Chile) is a Selk’nam writer, activist, crafts-
woman, and grandmother. Molina is president of the Selk’nam
Corporation Chile, formed in 2015, which aims to dislodge the indige-
nous community from the stigma of ‘extinction’. She is also a founding
member of Hach Saye, a family-run Selk’nam cultural organisation.
Anitra Nelson is an activist scholar affiliated with the Melbourne
Sustainable Society Institute, University of Melbourne. She is author of
Beyond Money: A Postcapitalist Strategy (2022) and Small is Necessary:
Shared Living on a Shared Planet (2018), co-author of Exploring Degrowth:
A Critical Guide (2020), and co-editor of Food for Degrowth: Perspectives
and Practices (2021) and Housing for Degrowth: Principles, Models,
Challenges and Opportunities (2018).
Helena Norberg-Hodge is a pioneer of the new economy movement,
and has been promoting an economics of personal, social, and ecological
wellbeing for more than 40 years. She is a recipient of the Alternative
Nobel Prize, the Arthur Morgan Award, and the Goi Peace Prize. Author
of the inspirational classic Ancient Futures, she is also producer of the
award-winning documentary The Economics of Happiness. Helena is the
founder and director of Local Futures and The International Alliance for
Localisation.
Brototi Roy researches environmental justice movements, with a focus
on India, using the lens of ecological economics and political ecology.
She has a PhD from the Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals,
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ICTA-UAB). She is the co-­founder
of Degrowth India Initiative and the current President-Elect of
Research&Degrowth, the Barcelona-based collective on research and activ-
ism on degrowth.
Bárbara Saavedra (Santiago, Chile) is a biologist specialising in ecology
and conservation and has been the director of the Wildlife Conservation
Society (WCS) for Chile since 2005. Since then, she has led the imple-
mentation of a new science-based, multiple-scale, locally integrated,
 Notes on Contributors xiii

globally relevant conservation model at WCS Karukinka Natural Park.

She received her PhD in Evolutionary Biology from the University of
Chile. She is director of the Ecological Society of Chile and member of
the Civil Society Council of Institute of Human Rights of Chile, where
she connects her vision of justice with biodiversity conservation. As a
member of the eco-feminist collective Ensayos, she raises the voice of
conservation and ecology beyond NGOs. Her advocacy successes at
WCS include the protection of 70,000 hectares of peatlands through the
Chilean Ministry of Mining and the declaration of the Admiralty Sound
as a Marine Protected Area.
Jathan Sadowski is a research fellow in the Emerging Technologies
Research Lab in the Faculty of Information Technology, as well as in the
Data Program of the ARC Centre of Excellence for Automated Decision-­
Making and Society, both at Monash University. His work studies the
political economy of technology, labour, and capital. He is the author of
Too Smart: How Digital Capitalism is Extracting Data, Controlling our
Lives, and Taking Over the World (2020).
Michael Webber is Professor Emeritus in the School of Geography,
Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne. An economic
geographer by training, he has spent the last several decades conducting
research in and on China, with a specific focus on environmental man-
agement during the emergence of capitalism. His recent books include
Making Capitalism in Rural China (2012) and (with Jon Barnett and
others) Water Supply in a Mega-City (2018). He is currently the lead
investigator on a large research project about Chinese hydropolitics.
 List of Figures

Fig. 4.1 The Diverse Economies Iceberg. (Source: Diverse

Economies Iceberg by Community Economies Collective is
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike
4.0 International License. Available from https://www.
communityeconomies.org/resources/diverse-­economies-­
iceberg)43
Fig. 9.1 The relationship between change in energy and change
in GDP 100
Fig. 9.2 The 2008 crisis left the USA and the world with the
highest private debt levels in history 102
Fig. 13.1 Aboriginal titled lands and discrete Indigenous communi-
ties in 2020. (Data sources: Altman and Markham (2015)
updated by Dr Francis Markham with information from
the 2016 Census and the National Native Title Tribunal
http://www.nntt.gov.au/Maps/Determinations_map.pdf,
accessed 3 June 2020) 144

xv
 1
Introduction
Samuel Alexander, Sangeetha Chandrashekeran,
and Brendan Gleeson

Covid Contradictions
We write this introduction in the middle of 2021, in the midst of the
COVID-19 pandemic causing so much human suffering and disruption.
This seems to be the beginning of a new crisis-ridden period in socio-envi-
ronmental history whose duration and lasting impact are impossible to fore-
cast. We editors certainly won’t pretend to fully understand what is happening.
None of us can foresee how this crisis will finally unfold and what changes it
will bring to the world, including its political economy, which for decades
has been firmly framed by the diktat of neoliberal globalisation.
The social, economic, and political trauma caused by the pandemic
further erodes the legitimacy of capitalism as the hegemonic mode of
social and economic organisation. To be sure, there has been prolonged
speculation and dispute about this broad critique, but the current

S. Alexander (*) • S. Chandrashekeran • B. Gleeson

Melbourne Sustainable Society Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville,
VIC, Australia
e-mail: sangeetha.chandra@unimelb.edu.au; brendan.gleeson@unimelb.edu.au

© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2022 1
S. Alexander et al. (eds.), Post-Capitalist Futures, Alternatives and Futures: Cultures,
Practices, Activism and Utopias, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6530-1_1
2 S. Alexander et al.

disruptions which the virus has elicited add further burdens to what was
already an unstable system. The crises of care that this pandemic has laid
bare—both of people and planet—are not new, but they have been high-
lighted by it, the contradictions deepening and increasingly resistant to
resolution within the existing order.
The latest violent and disruptive manifestations of the virus are neither
new nor more significant than what has gone before. Capitalism has
driven rounds of dispossession and violence in recent centuries, begin-
ning with colonialism and imperialism dating from the fifteenth century
(Mamdani 2020) and exacerbated by the Industrial Revolution and the
current carbon age. For much of the world, especially those in the Global
South or marginalised groups in the Global North, the trauma of capital-
ism was always and already present, and is being played out in the new
coronavirus context. A feature of the onset of the virus in the early stages
was its indiscriminate path of contagion—a shock to affluent societies
who have largely managed to buy their way to good health through
expensive high-tech interventions and salubrious environments. We now
know that exposure to the virus can be limited through the privilege of
wealth (staying safe and comfortable in a private dwelling with secure
tenure and secure working conditions etc.). And the great hope of vacci-
nation is unevenly distributed, reflecting the well-established fault lines
of uneven development and inequity. As we write, 80% of vaccines have
gone to those in high- or upper-middle-income countries and 0.2% to
those in low-income countries (Bello 2021). In India, where the virus is
raging, only 2% of the population has been fully vaccinated as of May
2021. Coronavirus provides yet another case study of capitalism’s deep
contradictions.

Capitalism and Its Discontents

A book on post-capitalist futures must begin by summarising the consti-
tutive elements of capitalism whilst recognising the risks and limitations
of any singular or static definition. This involves crafting a narrative that
is alert to essentialist tendencies and eschews the illusion of inevitability
(see Block 2019), but also develops a basic foundation—a terra firma out
 1 Introduction 3

of, or against which, new futures can unfold. To do this we begin with a
rejection of the economy as an autonomous self-organising system sub-
ject to immutable laws, and favour a view of economies as socially embed-
ded and governed in and through politics. Capitalism refers to assemblages
of social relations that include but are not reducible to the following:
private property rights and possessive individualism; the privileged role
of the market and commodification processes; growth-oriented logics
geared towards accumulation; and the exploitation along class, gender/
sexuality, and racial lines and resulting inequalities.
Capitalism coexists and co-evolves with a range of histories and
geographies. Core logics and processes are animated through diverse
contexts and spatial differences. We embrace Jamie Peck’s articulation
of capitalist variegation which ‘… speaks to a kind of genetic variation,
to moving mutations and matrices realized across sites and scales, and
to open horizons, both analytically and politically, rather than clunky
concepts or foreclosed futures’ (Peck 2019: 5). It is the potential inde-
terminacy and the possibility of alternative futures emerging in and out
of capitalist hegemony that this edited collection seeks to explore. Each
chapter in this volume can be understood as examining one or more of
these constitutive elements of capitalism, considering what might
emerge if those elements were removed or significantly transformed.
Capitalist relations may never fully disappear from our world in the
foreseeable future, but what if varieties of post-capitalist relations came
to transform existing political economies through social and politi-
cal action?
Capitalism is a political economy that, after centuries of incubation
during the feudal era, achieved a certain coherence in logic and form in
Europe during the eighteenth century. Raymond Williams (1983)
believed that the word ‘capitalism’ was first used in Europe in the early
years of the nineteenth century. The capitalist order later spread through
Europe’s ‘neworlds’ aided greatly by the violent appropriations of com-
petitive imperialism and colonialism. By the mid-nineteenth century it
had already adopted a totalising global ambition. Capital’s relentless
compulsion for expansion was noted by Marx and Engels in The
Communist Manifesto of 1848 (Kamenka 1983: 207): ‘The need of a con-
stantly expanding market for its products chases the bourgeoisie over the
4 S. Alexander et al.

whole surface of the globe. It must nestle everywhere, settle everywhere,

establish connexions everywhere...it creates a world after its own image.’
This remaking of the world continued apace during the twentieth cen-
tury, disturbed but never halted by the great perturbations—depression,
fascism, war, and genocide—that it helped to create. There were resis-
tances and countercurrents, most notably the assertion of socialist orders
in specific parts of the globe outside the ‘Western sphere’. By the late
twentieth century, however, these alternative political economies had
largely foundered (with the qualified exception of China), thus releasing
vast final territories for capitalist annexation.
In the first fifth of the twenty-first century, capitalism, at all levels,
global to local, has manifested what Wolfgang Streeck in his recent writ-
ings—notably Buying Time (2014) and an essay ‘How Will Capitalism
End?’ (2014b: 64)—calls ‘five worsening disorders for which no cure is at
hand: declining growth, oligarchy, starvation of the public sphere, cor-
ruption and international anarchy’. We would add the mounting crises in
and of natural systems upon which capitalism depends. Although the
destabilising decline of global ecosystems and biodiversity doesn’t feature
strongly in Streeck’s work, he acknowledges that global warming and bio-
spheric collapse are certain to intensify these terminal disorders. The
deepening contradictions of capitalism, as well as its declining social
legitimacy, are such that even those on the Left who have traditionally
taken the mortal not morbid view of contemporary capitalism—for
example, David Harvey (2014)—are now persuaded that the system faces
seemingly insurmountable contradictions that will force its retrenchment
and radical reconfiguration.
Perhaps it is merely liberal democracy that is at peril? Streeck (2014a:
64) maintains that ‘capitalism’s shotgun marriage with democracy since
1945 is breaking up’. This union may be coming to an end but perhaps
the former doesn’t need the latter for its survival? Capital could resort to
its fine inner machinery to secure its future. History records this possibil-
ity, notably in the rise in Europe of corporatism and fascism in the early
decades of the twentieth century, where an alliance of monopoly capitals
and weaponised states was able to suspend democracy without halting
accumulation. In the present conjuncture, Streeck sees the ascendancy of
oligarchs, especially but not only in former socialist countries, as
 1 Introduction 5

signalling this possibility anew. On the ground, rising right-wing popu-

lism threatens to undermine the machinery of democracy not the work
of capital (Kapferer and Theodossopoulos 2019).
In this time of virus management the possibility for boldly advancing
authoritarianism is certainly evident—perhaps signalled in the strong
state responses authorised by the struggle to control the pandemic. But
neither Streeck nor Harvey offers even a sketch outline for what dispensa-
tion is likely to replace capitalism as it continues its catabolic collapse.
With this in mind, the work of imagining and essaying existing and
emergent alternative social forms seems a compelling and urgent duty for
radical and responsible thinkers.

Future Imaginaries and Imaginary Futures

Such labours have produced this volume, which throws searchlights in
quest of post-capitalist futures. The brief we editors set contributors was
an open one, freed from the restraints of traditional thinking which has
fixed socialism and communism, or any Marxian prescription, as the
inevitable successor(s) to capitalism. Such radical thinking, insightful as
it has been, has not fully or consistently comprehended the ways in which
ecological and socio-cultural forces might condition the potentially myr-
iad societal forms that could emerge if or when capitalism submerges into
history.
Of course, there are vast literatures in the feminist and non-Western
academic-activist tradition that imagine radical futures and engage in
practices of re-worlding. Donna Haraway’s (2016) work inspires us to
build more liveable futures together on a damaged Earth by embracing
diverse modes of (multispecies) sociality. ‘Re-worlding’ involves imagin-
ing a pluriversal world where ‘many worlds fit’ and grounding this in
respect for Indigenous sustainability sciences, local self-managing cul-
tures, ethics of care and nurture, and a celebration of cultural difference
(Salleh 2020). For Silvia Rivera Cusicanqui, the Andean concept of ch’ixi
provides an alternative to binary thinking, refusing to resolve into a cer-
tain path, but instead living in and celebrating the contradiction,
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
 “Take one typewriterful of Stevenson, add several murders for luck
and one mystery that isn’t mysterious, mix well with a sensational
jacket and an afterthought of a plot and the answer is ‘Dead men’s
money.’”

− N Y Evening Post p17 D 4 ’20 160w

“The author’s grasp on the various threads of his story is always

firm, and he brings them all together at the end, leaving them tied up
in a neat bow, with no loose ends, with a skill that compels deep
admiration of his craftsmanship.”

+ N Y Times p21 N 7 ’20 320w

+ − Sat R 127:427 My 3 ’19 190w

“Mr Fletcher is one of the most skilful writers of this type of

fiction. The narrative abounds in thrills and tense situations and will
be highly diverting to devotees of this school of fiction.”

+ Springf’d Republican p9a O 31 ’20 190w

FLETCHER, JOSEPH SMITH. Paradise

mystery. (Borzoi mystery stories) *$1.90 (2c) Knopf

20–8629

A stranger in the town of Wrychester is killed by a fall from the

upper gallery of the cathedral. But this fact naturally is not so simple
as stated, and leads to the question, was the fall suicide, accident or
murder, and if murder, who was the murderer, and what was the
motive. In the answering of these questions many people are
involved: Dr Ransford, whom the dead man had been asking for; Dr
Bryce, his assistant, who had been forcing unwelcome attentions
upon Ransford’s ward, Mary Bewery; Collishaw, the laborer, who
later met his death because he knew too much; Simpson Harker, an
ex-detective; Stephen Folliot, whose step-son is also a suitor for
Mary Bewery’s hand. These, and others, are all bound up in a
network of mystery which is not unraveled until the surprising
denouement of the story.

“A good English mystery story.”

+ Booklist 16:347 Jl ’20

“Besides the mystery there is a tender little love story and several
interesting characters.”

+ Cleveland p72 Ag ’20 50w

Lit D p100 O 23 ’20 1350w
+ N Y Times 25:25 Jl 11 ’20 390w

“The excellent reputation earned by J. S. Fletcher as a teller of

engaging mystery tales is preserved in his latest story, ‘The Paradise
mystery.’”

+ Springf’d Republican p11a Jl 18 ’20

240w
 FLETCHER, JOSEPH SMITH. Talleyrand
maxim. il *$1.75 (2c) Knopf

20–627

Linford Pratt, a young lawyer, is inspired by Talleyrand’s maxim:

“With time and patience the mulberry leaf is turned into satin.” He
knew that wit and skill were his, and that time and patience, coupled
with opportunity, would bring him the fortune he craved. He was not
over nice about the opportunity. It came to him in the shape of a will
whose existence no one suspected. It was to have been the first rung
of the ladder by which he was to rise. Complications set in in the
shape of an unknown witness of his theft, and wits as sharp as his.
He must rid himself of the first by murder; he must extricate himself
from the latter by blackmail, by fraud and intrigue and still another
murder. But the net closes in about him till a bullet from his own
weapon is his only means of escape. Side by side with this tale of
horror goes a perfectly good romance between a good young man
and a virtuous young woman.

“A very ingenious and well told mystery story.”

+ Booklist 16:204 Mr ’20

“In the invention and use of the complications, little and big, with
which the author weaves and embroiders his plot, advances and
delays its movement, and intrigues the reader’s attention, Mr
Fletcher works with ingenuity, resource and skill. And he writes with
a freshness of touch and an individual quality of style not always
possessed by writers of detective fiction.”

+ N Y Times 25:38 Ja 25 ’20 600w

 “The story is written with the easy facility of a practised hand, and,
if we once accept without demur certain conventional
improbabilities, it shows plenty of movement.”

+ − Sat R 127:606 Je 21 ’19 200w

Spec 123:89 Jl 19 ’19 30w

“Mr Fletcher shows much inventive skill, and is resourceful in

advancing and delaying the movement of the plot, and in handling
the maze of complications which arise. He employs a fresh touch that
gives a new zest to the much over-worked detective-story type of
light fiction.”

+ Springf’d Republican p11a Mr 14 ’20

340w
FLEURY, MAURICE, comte. Memoirs of the
Empress Eugénie. 2v il *$7.50 Appleton 996

20–14392

“The publishers have had the manuscript for the last ten years, but
because of the personal revelations contained in the book, Eugénie
requested that it be withheld from the public until her death. It is
written by Comte Fleury, who was for more than twenty years an
intimate member of the empress’s entourage.” (Springf’d
Republican) The memoirs end with the peace negotiations of 1870
and do not touch on the empress’s later years. There is no index.

“The memoirs contain no surprises. There is nothing in them that

will compel any very considerable re-writing of the history of the
second empire. Probably the most distinctive feature is the portrait
they draw of the empress. It is, I think, much too favorable,
inaccurate because incomplete. But it is done with sincerity,
modesty, and good taste. It is a revelation of the empress as she
would like to be seen.” F. M. Anderson

+ − Am Hist R 26:360 Ja ’21 320w

“A misleading title, for there is proportionately little from the pen

of the empress herself and her personality is often lost in the flood of
details of diplomacy and court life, but the author has been able to
add some fresh information to the history of the second empire.”

+ − Booklist 17:153 Ja ’21

“He who hopes to find romance in the two volumes of the

‘Memoirs of the Empress Eugénie’ will be disappointed. What are we
to say of a writer who omits both the drama of her rise and the
pathos of her closing years, who robs the history of all its picturesque
character and concentrates his attention upon her official routine?
What are we to say of him? We are to say, of course, that he is an
‘official’ biographer and that, as such, is so anxious to present
nothing which will detract from an impression of perfect propriety
and dull royal respectability, that he has deprived her of all
character.” J. W. Krutch

− Bookm 52:78 S ’20 600w

+ Boston Transcript p8 O 2 ’20 1050w
Dial 70:107 Ja ’21 190w
 “The most valuable and important things are the reports of
intimate conversations and sayings of the Emperor and Empress and
others, which picture forth their characters and, without description
or character analysis, place them in a different light than they have
been placed by other memoir writers and historians.”

+ N Y Times 25:1 Jl 25 ’20 4650w

“Being a great admirer of Napoleon and Eugénie, Comte Fleury

naturally gives a picture which is highly favorable to them. But he
has also attempted to take into consideration the work which has
been done by historical scholars on this period. The point at which
the reader must be on his guard is in accepting without question
Napoleon’s views as given in the conversations which the author
quotes.” S. B. Fay

+ − Review 3:421 N 3 ’20 400w

R of Rs 62:446 O ’20 200w
Springf’d Republican p8 Jl 24 ’20 180w

“Memoirs are often disappointments, either containing nothing

worth saying, or running to the Margot Asquith type. These memoirs
have something to say, and it was not, in the saying, found necessary
to surround them with bits of scandal or incidents better left untold.”

+ Springf’d Republican p8 Ja 27 ’21 620w

“Comte Fleury had access to large quantities of letters and papers.

They are thrown into the book pell-mell, with only the loosest
arrangement; the source, and therefore the value, of many of them is
left uncertain; it is not always easy to see in a particular place whose
narrative is being read. None the less they make an interesting
assortment, though nothing is brought to light in them to modify the
judgment which reasonable people have for some time been
accustomed to pass on the empire.”

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p643 O 7

’20 1950w

FLEXNER, HORTENSE. Clouds and

cobblestones. *$1.50 Houghton 811
 20–19673

As the title indicates this collection of poems includes in its

subjects everything contained in life between the clouds and the
cobblestones: wide sympathies and interests and knowledge of men
and their ways. The author employs both rhyme and meter and free
verse. Among the titles are: If God had known; Children’s ward;
Hunger; Masks; Longing; A sky-scraper; To a grasshopper; All souls’
night, 1917; Mammon redeemed; The sons of Icarus; Folk-dance
class; Munitions; To Peter Pan; Blown leaves; A child; The masseuse.

“There is not a single poem in this collection that is not purely

creative by reason of its presentation of a fresh, vivid idea,
emotionalized and expressed poetically.” W: S. Braithwaite

+ Boston Transcript p5 N 13 ’20 1200w

“Quite possibly there is nothing in these pages that will long

endure, but the verses touch human values with sincerity and poetic
feeling.” L. B.

+ Freeman 2:430 Ja 12 ’21 180w

“She writes with a great deal of technical proficiency; her verse is

simple, direct, and readable. This is at the same time its greatest
virtue and its greatest defect, for having been apprehended easily,
the lines fade from the memory, leaving no trace.”

+ − N Y Evening Post p13 O 30 ’20 80w

 FLINT, LEON NELSON. Editorial: a study in
effectiveness of writing. *$2.50 Appleton 070

20–20034

The author holds that, for all the truth that there may be in the
saying: “the good editor is born not made,” the editor who has not
thought out and applied a technique of his craft is “going it blind.”
The book deals with methods of finding, gathering and handling
editorial materials and with notions as to editorial responsibilities
and opportunities. Contents: Development of the editorial column;
Weakness and strength of the editorial; The editor and his readers;
Materials for editorials; Editorial purposes; Building the editorial;
The manner of saying it; Paragraphs and paragraphers;
Typographical appearance; The editorial page; Editorial
responsibility; The editor’s routine and reading; Analyzing editorials.
The numerous illustrations consist of copies of specimen editorial
pages and there is an index.

[2]
FLYNN, JOHN STEPHEN. Influence of
Puritanism on the political and religious thought of
the English. *$4 Dutton 285.9

20–22021

“A broad survey of the results of the English Puritan movement in

both hemispheres. The author has sought to distinguish the
permanent from the merely transitory elements of Puritanism, and
to relate it to the present age.”—R of Rs
 “His reading, wide as it is, is in excess of his powers to use it
profitably. He sets out with vague ideas on the varied content of
Puritanism, with the natural result that he leaves us in a state of
vagueness.”

− Ath p107 Jl 26 ’20 440w

R of Rs 63:111 Ja ’21 40w

“We are given an amiable piece of dilettantism, praiseworthy in

object, careless in execution, and distinguished neither by clearness
of intention nor by profundity of thought. We fail to see anything
fresh in Mr Flynn’s book, and the ignorance which it would dispel is
ignorance of the fundamental kind which a knowledge of English
history would make impossible.”

− The Times [London] Lit Sup p361 Je 10

’20 880w

FOCH, FERDINAND. Precepts and judgments.

*$4 Holt 355

(Eng ed 20–6758)

This book, translated from the French by Hilaire Belloc, contains a

sketch of the military career of Marshal Foch by Major A. Grasset.
The Precepts give the marshal’s military teachings in condensed
form and the Judgments contain short opinions on the European
wars of the last century.
 “A volume of great interest to the student of war.”

+ Ath p61 Ja 9 ’20 50w

Reviewed by J: P. Wisser

+ N Y Evening Post p8 O 23 ’20 800w

“The little book will, we think, make its readers anxious to read the
originals from which it is compiled.”

+ Spec 123:777 D 6 ’19 140w

FOCH, FERDINAND. Principles of war. *$7.50

Holt 355

These pages were written for young officers, says the author in his
preface. “The reader must not look to find in them a complete, a
methodical, still less an academic account of the art of war, but
rather a mere discussion of certain fundamental points in the
conduct of troops, and above all the direction which the mind must
be given so that it may in every circumstance conceive a manœuvre
at least rational.” (Preface) The translation is by Hilaire Belloc and
the contents are: On the teaching of war; Primal characteristics of
modern war; Economy of forces; Intellectual discipline—freedom of
action as a function of obedience; The service of security; The
advance guard; The advance guard at Nachod; Strategical surprise;
Strategical security; The battle: decisive attack; Battle: an historical
instance; Modern battle. There are twenty-three maps and diagrams.
 “The entire work is convincing in its reasoning and its deductions,
the language is clear (the translation is remarkably true to the
original and expressed in excellent English), and the maps are
adequate.” J: P. Wisser

+ N Y Evening Post p8 O 23 ’20 800w

FOERSTER, ROBERT FRANZ. Italian

emigration of our times. (Harvard economic studies)
*$2.50 Harvard univ. press 325

20–103

“A most thorough survey of the greatest migratory movement of

our time. The causes of emigration are analyzed by a consideration of
conditions in Italy, and the emigrants are followed into the countries
of their settlement in Europe, Africa, South America and the United
States, the last of which is treated in detail. Their fortunes, economic
and cultural contributions in their new homes are weighed carefully.
—Booklist

“It may be said that Dr Foerster’s work is the most authoritative as

it is the most comprehensive volume dealing with the subject of
Italian immigration yet published in the United States, and is
indispensable to all who care to know intimately its characteristic
features and main purport.” W. E. Davenport

+ Am Hist R 25:547 Ap ’20 500w

 “The study is in all ways a very acceptable one, and may well serve
as a model for similar studies of other nationalistic groups.” A. E.
Jenks

+ Am J Soc 25:783 My ’20 950w

“Especially valuable are the four chapters (97 pages) dealing with
the Italian immigrants in the Argentine and Brazil. But the especial
importance of Professor Foerster’s work is the careful analysis of the
causes of emigration, of the effect of this movement on the Italian
nation, and of its probable future.” Edith Abbott

+ Am Pol Sci R 14:523 Ag ’20 700w

“Very readable.”

+ Booklist 16:153 F ’20

“The main text holds its interest for the general reader from
beginning to end, while the footnotes and bibliographical citations
will rejoice the heart of scholars who may wish to follow the
argument to the very source.” J. E. Le Rossignol

+ Review 3:150 Ag 18 ’20 1550w

+ R of Rs 61:335 Mr ’20 100w

“It is a scholarly and timely book. It is a prophetic book, for it tells

us our faults, fully, faithfully and fearlessly, and points to a better
way. It is a scientific book, for it promotes a better understanding
and, consequently, a better feeling. It is a lonely book, for no one has
ever before done for the Italian or any other foreign language group
what this book does.” F. O. Beck

+ Survey 44:312 My 29 ’20 450w

FOLKS, HOMER. Human costs of the war. il

*$2.25 (2c) Harper 940.318

20–9641

While in charge of the American Red cross relief work in France,

the author was impressed with the infinitesimal fraction of reality
which found its way into print in the American papers. Towards the
end of the war he was requested to make a survey of the needs of
southern and southeastern Europe and to ascertain the net results of
the war on human welfare. The book records his findings. It is not a
constructive program he says, “simply a contribution toward a
diagnosis which might make it possible to outline a well-considered
course of treatment.” “Chapter I tells the origin of the survey ... and
gives an account of the itinerary of the trips. Chapters II to VII,
inclusive, deal respectively with Serbia, Belgium, France, Italy, and
Greece. Chapters VIII to X endeavor to sum up the war’s results in all
these countries, in the three vital aspects of childhood, home, and
health. Chapter XI tries to fit the whole into a picture of war vs.
welfare.” (Preface) There are an appendix and numerous
illustrations.

“Although mostly estimates, the data are perhaps as accurate as

any we shall ever get. The survey is somewhat defective, however,
because confined chiefly to the five lands named, and would have
been more valuable had all the belligerent countries been included.”
N. L. Sims
 + Am J Soc 26:370 N ’20 150w
+ Booklist 17:11 O ’20

“It scarcely seems too much to say that this is the most human
book that has been written on the effects of the war upon the
populations of the countries that suffered most from the great
conflict.”

+ Boston Transcript p6 Jl 7 ’20 420w

“His volume is one of the highest import. No more terrible exhibit

of the nature of war has been written, not even by Philip Gibbs,
Barbusse, Latzko, or Duhamel. The sacrifice of human values is
portrayed in a plain, straightforward style, without any effort at a
dramatic effect or an emotional appeal not inherent in the facts
themselves.” D: S. Jordan

+ Nation 111:sup410 O 13 ’20 1200w

“Mr Folks speaks in a calm, temperate, judicial tone, piling up his

facts, statistics, descriptions with cool judgment and restrained
temper.”

+ N Y Times 25:12 Jl 25 ’20 2000w

“Mr Folks knows how to humanize statistics and make them yield
up their hidden story of misery or hope.”

+ Outlook 125:431 Je 30 ’20 70w

 “Dr Folks is well fitted for the task he has undertaken.”

+ Review 3:153 Ag 18 ’20 500w

R of Rs 62:112 Jl ’20 100w

“Like Gibbs’ ‘Now it can be told’ and Keynes’s ‘Economic

consequences of the peace,’ this is a book to be owned and read—and
like them it is readable. Mr Folks’ subject is as important as theirs,
and his competence is unquestionable. This is not to say that it is the
last word on the subject. Quite the contrary. One might wish, for
instance, that there were more frequent indications that the Allies
have not had all of the human costs to bear. Another obvious defect
is the omission of maps.” E. T. D.

+ − Survey 44:449 Je 26 ’20 800w

FOOTNER, HULBERT. Fur bringers. $1.90

McCann

20–8241

“A tale of the Northwest. The trading posts, Indians, half-breeds,

adventurers and beautiful heroines of the ordinary story are here
anew in a plot in which the young trader afflicted with ‘June fever’ is
obliged to take an open stand against the heroine’s father, known to
all but the daughter as a slave-driver and profiteer.”—Booklist

“Very well written.”

 + Booklist 17:31 O ’20

“The story has plenty of incident, it moves quickly, and is told with
a good deal of spirit.”

+ N Y Times p25 Ag 1 ’20 450w

Outlook 125:507 Jl 14 ’20 30w

FORBES, GEORGE. Adventures in southern

seas: a tale of the sixteenth century. il *$1.75 (2c)
Dodd

20–16854

A romance of the days of discovery based on the voyages of Dirk

Hartog, Dutch navigator. The story is told by Peter Ecoores Van Bu
who sailed on his first voyage with Hartog in 1616. They were bound
for the South seas in search of treasure for the Amsterdam
merchants who were sending them out. But the islands they reach
are poor in treasure, if rich in adventure, and it is only after the lucky
discovery of pearls that Hartog is willing to return. Several other
voyages follow, on which the hero experiences ship wreck, capture by
savages and numerous other adventures. At the end of his second
voyage he marries his Dutch sweetheart and gives up the sea, but
following her death he again listens to its call.
 “The very spirit of high adventure—the manifold dangers and
hardships of ancient seekers after treasure—blows through the pages
of the book.”

+ N Y Times p21 D 26 ’20 600w

FORBES, JAMES. Famous Mrs Fair, and other

plays. *$2 Doran 812

20–21209

The other two plays in this collection are: The chorus lady; and
The show shop. Of these plays, Walter Prichard Eaton, in his
introduction to the book, comparing their literary qualities, says, that
“The chorus lady” can least endure the scrutiny print affords
although enormously successful on the stage, while “The show shop”
“stands up four square under the test of print” and is a most pungent
and amusing satire of American stage life. “The famous Mrs Fair” is a
more serious production with reasoned reflections on life and human
motives. Its heroine, the wife of a wealthy business man, has become
famous as a war worker in France. Coming home she is lionized, can
no longer adjust herself to her domesticity and dreams of a career.
Not until the family is nearly disrupted with tragic results does she,
in the nick of time, wake up to her former responsibilities.

“What first strikes the attentive reader of Mr Forbes’s handsome

volume is the poverty of observation. Two of the three plays deal with
the little theatrical world in which he has been busy for twenty years.
Yet he has not seen that world directly at all. The superficial bits of
verisimilitude are pure veneer. Nature is hard to reach even for those
who see her. To Mr Forbes her face, like that of the idol of Sais, is
veiled.” Ludwig Lewisohn
 − Nation 111:787 D 29 ’20 620w

FORBUSH, WILLIAM BYRON. Character-

training of children. 2v il per ser of 7v *$15 Funk 173

19–13817

These books by Dr Forbush, author of “Child study and child

training” and “The boy problem in the home,” are issued in the
Literary Digest parents’ league series. Volume one is devoted to:
Problems of government, with the subject matter divided as follows:
Problems to be solved by means of the child’s own responsiveness;
Problems to be solved largely through suggestion; Problems to be
solved largely by substitution; Problems to be solved largely through
cooperation. Volume 2 continues the discussion along these lines and
takes up Problems of self-government and Problems of living with
others. The series as a whole comprises three other volumes by Dr
Forbush and two by Dr Louis Fisher on the health-care of children
which are reprints of earlier works.

“These volumes, written in the clearest language of technical

terms, well illustrated and interestingly arranged, should be a helpful
and invaluable guide for those who have children to bring up or
children’s problems to consider.”

+ N Y Times 25:17 Jl 18 ’20 280w (Review of

series)
 FORBUSH, WILLIAM BYRON. Home-
education of children. (Literary Digest parents’
league ser.) 2v il per ser of 7v *$15 Funk 372

19–14028

The first of these two volumes is devoted to the first six years of a
child’s life and consists of two parts: Teaching a baby, and Teaching a
little child. Volume 2 is devoted to: Teaching a school child (from six
to twelve or fourteen); and The teaching of youth (from fourteen
upward). Volume 1 has a list of story-and-picture books to use with
the littlest children, also a list of books to help the mother in telling
stories, and in volume 2 there is a chapter on Books in the home,
with suggestions for reading.

FORBUSH, WILLIAM BYRON. Sex-education

of children. (Literary Digest parents’ league ser.) il
per ser of 7v *$15 Funk 612.6

19–13816

“This book differs from others in the abundant literature that is

being produced upon this topic, chiefly in the fact that it endeavors
to present, with the least possible waste of space, all the material that
parents of a growing family of children of both sexes need for their
use at every stage of other children’s development. The unique
feature, perhaps, is a section devoted to concrete answers to the
embarrassing questions that children are likely to ask.” (Introd.)
Contents: Why we have to do this; How to educate the little child;
How to educate the schoolboy; How to educate the schoolgirl; How