Topic: Circular Motion and Gravitation

- Circular Motion
- Gravitation
This unit we will investigate the special case of kinematics and dynamics of objects in uniform circular motion
a. 12.1.1 Define the radian and express angular displacement in radians.
https://www.geogebra.org/m/x7dmuarh
One _______ (rad) is defined as the ________________ at
the center of a circle by an arc equal in length to the radius r
______________________.

Angular displacement

Converting between rad and degree

At angles lower than 100 the small

angle approximation can be used:
sin 𝜃 ~ 𝜃 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝜃 < 100
To convert between degree and radians

12.1.2 Understand and use the concept of angular speed

Angular speed 𝜔 https://www.geogebra.org/m/dgedzmz3#material/zfw87g5b

The direction of angular velocity is always along the axis of rotation, through the
center of the circle around which the object is moving and perpendicular to the
plane of rotation

Q1: Explain why all the velocity arrows in Figure 16.5 are drawn the same length.

Period and Frequency

The time taken for an object to go around a circle
once is the period T

Frequency is the number of times an object goes

around a circle in a unit of time ∶

Linking angular and linear speed https://www.geogebra.org/m/dgedzmz3#material/zfw87g5b

 Angular Frequency

Q2. A large clock on a building has a minute hand that is 4.2m long.
Calculate
a) angular speed of minute hand

b) angular displacement, in rad, in the time periods 12 noon to 12:20

c) Calculate the linear speed on tip of minute hand

TRY THESE:

b. 12.2.1 Centripetal acceleration

2.1 Understand that centripetal acceleration causes circular motion with a constant angular speed.
• Centripetal acceleration: derived by equating Newton’s 2nd law and centripetal force
2.2 Understand that a force of constant magnitude that is always perpendicular to the direction of motion causes
centripetal acceleration.

What holds the water in place?

Circular Motion
• A body moving in a circle at a constant speed changes
velocity since its direction changes. Thus, it is accelerating
and hence experiences a force.
• Centripetal force: resultant force acting on an object moving
in a circle, always directed towards the center of the circle
perpendicular to the velocity of the object

Centripetal Acceleration Centripetal Force

STRENGTHEN YOUR CONCEPT