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    ronmental Management System Standards envi EMS STANDARD: ISO 14000 seRigg 7 Companies throughout the world have be environmental management system (EMS) ag well as aie Ceaitement ofan can provide. However, given the nature of, company dynamics, a uch a system riorities. personnel and work: Patterns, it is imperative 7 as to business management system which maintains the focus on environmental Fe @ proper through the changing landscape of corporate activity, It is against this ice that ISO 14000 Series are being developed ai found ind implemented, Ins . we will discuss the various aspect ubsections 7.2.1 ts of ISO 14000 series, ‘Bun to underst 107 7.2.1 Evolution The International Organisation for Standardisatioy has since become the premier international inception, ISO’s mission has been to promote to facilitate international commerce. The international agreements and in 1951 Published its first standard—Standard Reference Temperature for Industrial Length Measurement. Since that time, ISO has developed more than 9000 standards for a variety of subjects ranging from serew threads and fasteners to high-tech clean rooms. ISO also developed the Widely used quality management system (QMS) standards, i.e., the ISO 9000 “nes. The ISO standards are published for voluntary acceptance, but they are often incorporated into national standards of individual countries. : The membership of ISO includes over 100 countries. Each member a "presented by one standards organisation. For example, Vee at Standards Institute (ANSI) represent the U.S and Great Britain by ards Institute (BSI). ees ing international 'SO considers the following three key principles in developing Standards: n (ISO) was formed in 1947 and tandards organisation, Since its worldwide standardisation in order organisation began by developing Stand: into account, ‘ Consensus: The views of all interested parties are ang tori ‘cluding manufacturers, vendors, consumer Toe organisations. “overnments, engineering professionals ae aa standards that satisfy 'ndustry-wide applicability: The goal is 0 authority to impose is “Mdustries and customers worldwide (ISO has no | (iy <2"42rds on any government or organisation) developed are voluntary: © Notuntary natures Al of the international rar driven and based on volun ing.’ heir acceptance by industry is market "olvement of all interests in the marketplace (ii) Environmental Managemen, ments reveals that standardisation on a worldy de lity and occurred generally independent of to standardise quality requirements were it wasn’t until the 1990's that a significany Areview of historical develop’ basis was accelerated with qual environmental management. Attempts made by many organisations. sae ent was reached. tet ; 990, Business Charter for Sustainable Development (BCSD), an organisation of fifty business leaders with interest in environment and development issues, was created for environment protection with the premise that economic development can take place only in a healthy environment. Partly in response to the proliferation of differing environmental standards, such as EMAS worldwide, the ISO formed a Strategic Action Group on the Environment (SAGE) in 1991.The purpose of SAGE was to investigate the usefulness of drafting international standards for environmental management. SAGE focussed its attention on the following three areas: (i) Promoting a common worldwide approach to environmental management in business and industry. (ii) Increasing the ability of incentives for organisations to measure and attain improvements in environmental performance. (iii) Facilitating world trade and removing potential environmental trade barriers. As a result of the findings of SAGE, the ISO formed the Technical Committee 207 (TC 207) in 1993. TC 207 became responsible for drafting the ISO 14000 series of standards. At early meetings of TC 207, more than thirty countries and 200 representatives expressed a desire to develop new EMS standards. TC 207 itself had members representing some sixty-nine countries and was divided into six sub-committees. These members included representatives from various industries, standards organisations, governments, environmental organisations, and other interest groups. : ne For some, the mkivaion for the development of these standards was due © sanded fe inereased number of inconsistent national and reeional EMS saan eee trade barriers. There was also the concern that the EI eae y 1m practice in Europe would influence the ISO 14000 stan! tha the ISO raombatable to EMAS. This concem was in part fueled by ines standards were being developed in conjunction with CEN, the European standards-setti timetable at 30 moni gin bow. Infact, the 180 set the standards drafting they were finalised Part because CEN had agreed to accept ISO 14000. ateflection of eee enough. There were also fears that the standards We were developed es and not American technology. Nevertheless, the sta cach participating member having equal say in the proceS* ronmental Management System Standards sei 4 sub-committee of TC 207 prepared the draft EMS Standard, based on BS 0. It was presented at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, and the draft of the m8 reed in Oslo (June 1995). sandard Was 221 722 principles and Structure rre aim of the ISO 14000 series of standards is to help organisations implement and improve the S. some of the principles governing ISO 14000 series are (Tech Monitor, 1995): (i) Understand all activities and processes being undertaken by the organisation, (ii) Identify potential aspects associated with the activities of the unit at all stages and determine their impact on the environment. (iii) Determine processes/procedures/operation steps that can be controlled to climinate or minimise the likelihood of an occurrence of the adverse impact. (iv) Identify the regulatory requirements relating to them and establish target level and tolerances, which must be met to ensure that operations affecting the environment are under control. (v) Establish a monitoring mechanism to ensure control of these aspects. (vi) Establish corrective actions to be taken when monitoring indicates that a particular aspect is not under control. (vii) Establish a system of emergency preparation and for meeting such exigencies. (viii) Establish procedures for verification to confirm that the environmental Management system is working effectively in compliance with regulations and recording continuous improvement. (ix) Establish documentation concerning all procedures and records appropriate \o these principles and their application. met the importance of the stakes involved and the generic =o ign tel Yequirements covered, high expectations have been plac on ae "'? Series standards (Tech Monitor, 1995). The standards can be classified i * following two categories based on their focus: These include environmental Organis, ) and environmental mn or process standards: e 'nanagement system (EMS), environmental auditing (EA) a Performance evaluation (EPE). ; _"oduct-oriented standards: These include life-cycle : tonmental labelling (EL) and environmental aspects in pro PS), cycle assessment (LCA), duct standards 205 oe —— ee mal Man; lage meng am LEARNING A List the basic princip Note: a) Write yo by Check your an: Jes of ISO standards. low. he space given be t the end of this book. ur answer in t! h the one given al iswer witl The ISO 14000 seri \d the series standards are of two types, an i ese are: (i) Normative standards: These i and 7 3: These indicate . i) TE audited for certification. fe the requirements that must be met ive standards: The ie not be audited for pata provide guidance and the requirements need In the 14000 seri ees of standard a specification with gui s, ISO 14001 (i i aloe sana eiton with guidance for use) i sae Environmental Masse of EMS. re informative standards ei only normative standard and As regards nded to support the implementation EM: s the structu a forms the nucleus or the Series, ISO 14001, i ; rd. (Note that, we and in the first orbit i | Le., the requirements for we will discuss ISO. a ISO 14004, i-e., the guideline standards in detail in Sexton 7.3.) Th . e other sta Fig 730 Wandards in the seri 1 ‘ies are supporting systems 2S shown i? Figure 7.3 Structure of ISO Series and Inter-relationships 723 Supporting Systems The supporting systems of ISO 14000 consist of ISO 14010, ISO 14020, ISO 1430, ISO 14040, ISO 14050 and ISO 14060. (Tech Monitor, Vol. 15, No. 5, S-Oct 1998). In what follows in this Subsection, we will discuss some of these supporting systems. ir Table 7.1, which gives a list of ISO 14000 Series standards with tive publication dates. Table 7.1 ISO 14000 Series Standards 60 Nc rcati Oo Tile of International Standard/Guideline/ Publication oe Technical Report Date 40011896 Environmental management systems~ September ry Specification with guidance for use. 1996 September 1%%5:1996 Environmental management systems-General guidelines on principles, systems 1996 supporting techniques. Revision of ISO 14001:1996. November 2004 Environmental management-Environmental November assessment of sites and organisations (EASO). 2001 Guidelines for quality and/or environmental July 2001 Management systems auditing. ber Environmental labels and declarations Scant General principles. ee Draft amendment 1 to ISO 1998 14020:1998. 208 Iso 14021 ISO 14024 ISO/TR 14025 ISO 14031 ISO/TR 14032 IsO 14040 IsO 14041 IsO 14042 ISO 14043 IsoMwD TR 14047 ' Iso/cD ; TR 14048 ISO/TR 14049 1SO 14050 ISO 14050: 1998/DAM1 ISO/TR 14061 ISO/AWI 14062 Environmental Man Environmental labels and declarations—Sel declared environmental claims (Type Il ironmental labelling). ; Environmental labels and declarations—Type 1 April environmental labelling: Principles and aad I Septe mi 1999 ures. . proc ental labels and declarations—Type II March environmental declarations. 2000 Environmental management-Environmental November performance evaluation: Guidelines. 1999 Environmental management-Examples of 1999 environmental performance evaluation. Environmental management-Life cycle June assessment: Principles and framework. 1997 Environmental management-Life cycle October assessment: Goal and scope definition and 1998 inventory analysis. Environmental management-Life cycle March assessment: Life cycle impact assessment. 2000 Environmental management-Life cycle March assessment: Life cycle interpretation. 2000 Environmental management-Life cycle 1999 assessment: Examples of application of ISO 14042 Environmental management-Life cycle 1999 assessment: Life cycle assessment data documentation format. Environmental management-Life cycle March assessment: Examples of application of ISO 2000 14041 to goal and scope definition and inventory analysis. Environmental management-Vocabulary. May 1998 raft amendment 1 to ISO. December 14050:1998, 1999 Information to assist forestry organisations in December the use of Environm rental Management System 1998 standards SO 14001 and ISO 14004, Guidlines for integrating environmental Tobe 150 Guide Ga Pt into product development ee tuide for the inclusion of environmental Ma Environmental Auditing (ISO 1491 9, 1SO 14011 a ind ISO 14012) ‘An environmental audi of objectively obta a ¢ a 's defined as the systematic documented vere . in 3 and evaluating audit evidence to determine Management System Standards al MA 7 onmental activities, processes, conditioy - wn zh out these matters conform with audit ee systems, or ya of this process to the clients. The guiding Principles of amie . . o the audit on defined objectives and drawing inference oe , bse rion and documentation of appropriate information; ef an audit team that is independent of the activities they or who meets the specifics of qualification criteria; { due professional care by the auditor to maintain confidentiali 1 eu jequate quality assurance; ty aoa appropriate procedures for an objective audit; : govelopig audit criteria, evidence and findings; : ensuring that the process provides a desired level of confidence in the reliability of the audit findings and conclusions; « providing an adequate report of findings. pil ia te Ss based on analysis, , vtlsing gn audi ercising 0 audit and utilising Note that ISO 1901 provides guidance on general principles for conducting audits, and elaborates on the framework for the conduct of audit in order to ascertain sfthe organisation is doing what it says it will do and whether the EMS conforms 0180 14001. It also provides guidance on auditor qualification criteria, including education, training, work experience, personal attributes and skills, maintenance of competence and due diligence. fnvironmental Labelling Standards (ISO 14020) 180 14020 is based on a voluntary environmental labelling standard that requires ‘tid party verification and is designed to reduce burdens arising from diverse Suliple labelling. Existing eco-labelling schemes, based on government initiatives, ®nal influencing customer decisions to select environmentally friendly products, ‘utthey lack the application of uniform criteria. These are, therefore, pia ®nply with and are potential trade barriers. The coverage of ISO 14020 is b “cludes goods or services for consumer, commercial 2 a ins The guiding principles and practices for third-party environment es include the following: * Standarg ‘hrougy : + be developed and criteria applicable for environmental labels voto. , eh consensus process, and the programme must PE YO nary in sy toduet can be considered for environmental regulations Which * Ean “ls manufactured and marketed. Fi d distinguish leg t™*Mal labelling programmers should be select? and shoul + Tye’ Product alternatives, should be periodically "ogg et criteria developed by the certification agen"y © “0 account for new developments and technologies: 209 Environ EN Ma ey 210 parent with regard to criteria, cenig. be tran! . " + Te ee a The criteria should be revised Periodically ae ang award pr ° - the programme do Clay, nding sources for Not crea ly demonstrate a ae. "conti, ii un . + . e : to assess the environmental impacts of products. les Labelling programmes should be accessible, objective and affordable, The requirements for awarding a label are divided into general Tules that ap, to all products and applications, and specific product criteria that set requi a for each product category. The specific product criteria are the only Criteria thy may be considered as a basis for awarding the label. The certification a, awards the label when satisfied that the applicant has complied with the speig. product criteria for the category. It maintains a publicly available list of Producys currently licensed to carry the label. After the label has been awarded, it is the responsibility of the certification. agency to take all necessary steps to ensure ongoing compliance with the produ: criteria. The certification agency will require the licensee to take corrective action, if monitoring indicates that compliance is not being maintained. Environmental Performance Standards (ISO 14030) The environmental performance evaluation (EPE) is an important ongoing intemal management process. It uses environmental indicators to compare an organisations past and present environmental performance with its environmental objectives targets or other intended levels of environmental performance. This process be management to measure, analyse, assess, report and communicate an organisatoa’s “vironmental performance over time and to determine necessary actions. The environmental performance evaluation standard is based oe Deming’s PDCA cycle, i.e., PI > Le., Plan (P), De \d Act (A) as EPE involves considering mangeaest aot cco indi si g management priorities and selecting envO" nda bere evaluating environmental performance (D), and ee Sete nee (©). The EPE process involves actions taken (A) oe at discussed the ren Processes and environmental performance. Nol span “A eyele in Section 7.1 (see Fig. 7.1). jon covironmenta inthe oe Buidelines on identification and Sel" pi these ares MiCalOrS. There are two types of environmental indica™ ) Envi ine "ironmental performance indicators (EPI): These include poe a sponta! Management System Standards av! jr! « the people, practices and producers at all levels * ne design, operation and maintenance of, su an organisation’s facilities and equipment; « the materials, energy, products, services, waste and the organisation’s operations and activities, @ Environmental condition indicators (ECI): These are used to describe the conditions of the environment in relation to the organisation. Of the organisation; ply to, and delivery from, emissions related to fe cycle Assessment (ISO 14040) 10 14040 provides guidelines for incorporating life cycle assessment (LCA) into cqvironmental management programmes (recall that in Unit 6 we discussed LCA sa etil). An LCA is defined as a compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a product system throughout its life axle Its, thus, a systematic set of procedures for compiling and examining the inputs and outputs of materials and energy and the associated environmental impacts directly attributable to the functioning of a product or service system throughout iis life cyele from the acquisition of raw materials through final disposal. An LCA is done in order to get the whole picture of the environmental impacts throughout ihe lifetime of products and services. In other words, an LCA provides significantly more information than does evaluating the impact from the manufacturing process alone. It also provides a systematic way to evaluate the costs and benefits associated with products or service changes at various points in the life cycle. ISO 14040 covers the following three phases of LCA: * cslablishing the goals and the scope of the assessment; \ducting inventory analysis. ducting impact and improvement assessment. The goals of the LCA study should include the reasons for carrying out the “ls the intended applications, the intended audience, the initial data, quality Stes and the type of eritical review that will be conducted for the LCA- pie “pe should include background information for the product or service being “slused, boundaries of the study, method of impact assessment, data rea a “nptions and limitations of the study. Envir “ronmental Terms and Definitions (ISO 14050) management system requires acorrect iT stakeholders in a similar manner. n and in The sug Unga ¢SSful operation of the environmental Standi ; al Pur ing of the meaning of terms used by ae t Sifferenty, communication is important in implementatio 211 greene Ei ‘nVironmentay Aa Magen, the operation of the enviror mental management syste; lent commun: be most effective if there is a common understanding of the tern environmental terms and definitions are the result of a Tecently deve}, Used, The gradual evolution of these environmental concepts invariably environmental terminology will continue to develop. Means iy Environmental Aspect in Product Standard (ISO 14060) The environmental impacts of products are receiving more attention Work They are, therefore, being addressed in the product standards Prepared iy international, regional and national standard bodies. ISO 14060 Provides guidelines that should be taken into account when developing standards ao environmental effects associated without sacrificing the intended Performances the product or service. While recognising the complexity of identifying in establishing environmental effects from products and services throughout the: life cycles, ISO 14060 provides that environmental effects should be balanced against factors that include product function, performance, safety and healt, co, marketability and quality. The guide also recognises that environmental provisions in product standards must be reviewed and changed to reflect innovation ant technology, but not so frequently that innovation, productivity and environmen improvements are jeopardised. The provisions of a product standard should te more stringent than necessary to avoid excessive or inefficient material ore) use. The environmental provisions in product standards can inca fausiderations including material and energy inputs; wastes and emissions ftom transportation, packaging, distribution and use: reuse and recycling Ce and product disposal and associated wastes. The impact can be Tl LCA. risk assessment or other appropriate methods, provided thatthe ae ‘PPropriate to the product or service and the data is available for cond! assessment Product standards use the followii i (© Resource conservation This focusses on preventing depletion Renewable resources can be replenished, if managed cat aod mninnttble Fesources present different challenges. Reo minimisation Aare the two means that can be used to preserve Z 0 . “ 8‘ GG) Ponytgn them as much as possible. iy -oametl irons ing three strategies to protect the e”' . even Material subee non! This utilises strategies such as oe ae Substitution to aah aed 'e envir0! Prevention Teduce emissions into the i jretuding OM od ANd dispoegy Ut in numerous financial benefits, inclu vines! em “0sts, reduced costs for pollution control 4! "Stance savings and many others. | nental Management System Standards ont |i i i tal impacts: This ig tablis —s ign for environment “Stablished by conducting fait ae and effect analysis (FMEA), ting failure | [Ga LEARNING ACTIVITY 7.3 te the difference between ISO 14001 owes of standards. | | fo) and other standards in ISO 14000 N° \nrite your answer in the space given below. a) Check your answer with the one given at the end of thi book. b) tt . ‘ jill discus this in ISO 14001 is what is implemented in companies. We wi Subsections 7.3.1 to 7.3.3. 1 7.4. EMS Specification Standards: ISO 1400 . M1 presents the elements This standard is the core of the ISO 14000 series. TS fetes ae of EMS that organisations are ceed to 6 and revised in ate “tification, ISO 14001 was first published ‘sandard in the 1SO a ne inalioned previously, ISO 14001 is the oon All the other “90 140 wil Usted 10 be used for third-party certificat ent of your EMS, ISO ae intended as guidance only. In eee to it frequently sirements ‘Our most important document—you will ification in 17 general requ The standard consists of the EMS specifi efor t0 ag clauses) and three annexes. 213 “ Environmentay Man 24 3 Clauses writen tobe applicable 0 al ype ogy i \dard has been ; : Since the saat diverse geographical, cultural and Social con, int and to accom or clauses, are generalised and are neither specific Nor py nie requirements tty are descriptive outlining the desired outcome of the < That ss ae specific approaches that an organisation ™ust implemen, a do not pi there. Annexes i itional information on the Tequirements of TSO 1499, mea see Say misinterpretation of the actual Specification, n ° i that in future revisions to ISO 14001, the information in ‘Annexe Ang bocher incorporated into the clauses or moved into ISO 14004. Annexe B idenites links and broad technical Correspondences between ISO 14001 and IS0 9001 in 2 tabular form. The objective of this annex is to demonstrate how an ee could be combined with a quality management system. Annexe same IY presents a bibliography of documents from both the Iso 9000 and Iso Note that these annexes are solely for the bottom up and requires the support framework that Contains core element and activities to identify significant Control, and over which it can be ©F facility or organisation of any An EMS Conforming to Iso of senior management. It is sve ne ts for managing an organisation’ s Liens environmental aspects the ona expected to have an influence. So cae size anywhere in the world can use Is: 14001 contains the following elements: mental policy suppor ion of environmental on of legal and other ‘ental goals, objectives environmental Management » Definition of roles, Tesponsibilit © Training ang awareness proceduy © Process for Communication of a * An environ © Identificati * Wdentificati * Environm ted by senior management. aspects and significant impacts. Tequirements. es a targets that support the policy: Programme. es and authorities. res, the EMS to all interested parties. sental Management System Standard fs ov pocument and operational control procedu: . procedures for emergency response. res, . procedures for monitoring and measuring ; impact om the environment. operations that can have a signif Significant . procedures to correct non-conformance, * 4 Record management procedures. ‘imme for auditing and corrective act ion. » Aprog » Procedures for management review. Note that while Iso 14001 is more likely to be used i stries, it can also be applied to services pad aesatee ee ane aoa engineering. This standard eee organisation to state what it does in environmental management ae an “aes, ISO 14001 is neither @ product standard nor an environmental i ae 1 require an organisation to establish or disclose a s not require certification. the guidelines for planning and implementation of ISO rocessing. indu: architecture, heal siandard. It does not or audit results and doe: Let us now discuss 14001 73 IMPLEMENTATION OF EMS CONFORMING TO 1sO 14001 sumented procedures that are 0 14001 EMS is having doc .d in such a way that successful ‘achievement of ensurate with the nature and scale of the activities. ts to an EMS and these are: ramme require: The key to a successful IS mplemented and maintaine environmental goals is comm There are three component |) A written programme: The written prog san. organisa to be committed to producing @ quality product with the lowest possible forth the procedures to be followed t0 achieve environmental impact and sets this goal. . ive, unless (i) Education and training: The implementation Wit ve erie toed all employees have access t© and understand the EMS, through education and training. ental ions: The (ii) Knowledge of relevant Jocal and cen! environ jirements- EMS must incorporate the applicable enviro! «g and review © ensure _ Inaddition, the EMS must include appropriate monitoring corrective measures este functioning of the EMS and toi and iP a timel ly manner. . stablishment of The various steps involved in the ¢ 215 Environme, ntal Man, SB nt mmitment: Senior management (Obtain manaem ee an active, Visible role in the EMS inp s eae funding and allocating resources, and Promotin, lation Pres a motivation. An EMS should be viewed as a too}, PO a environmental improvement, rather than daily fteihing to meet the mandatory requirements. Just (ii) Review current environmental programmes: Once the commitment is secured, the next step is to conduct and doc preliminary review of the organisation's current environmental and management systems. The Process includes Teviewing existin, environmental management policies, operating procedures and trains programmes as well as the methods for identifying regulatory requiremen: (iii) Conduct gap analysis: Organisations need to evaluate as to what extent the existing procedures conform to the requirements of ISO 14001. Such a & analysis identifies the actions necessary to build an EMS. To do this, organisations would need to compare their existing procedures to tte following main stages of ISO 14001: Environmental policy. © Planning. Implementation and operation. © Checking and corrective action. * Management review. * Continuous improvement. (iv) Identify environmental aspects: All parts of the planning phase contribute ‘o identifying the significant environmental aspects of the operations. Aa “nvironmental aspect refers to any element of an organisation’s activities Prot and services that can interact with the environment. ISO 1400! mies ‘o impacts. Impacts are the actual or potential changes 0 relationship bene fom any of the environmental aspects. This ieee ae ee and impacts is one of cause and effect. age developing a proses ei the environmental aspects of the ery every step of the proces 'p or flowchart. This exercise involves = ee Step. Developing a re Ss and the inputs and outputs associated a therefore, representatives gene is Dest accomplished as a team eft SHould be included to spon 4 Variety Of departments and at dives ind outputs, Note th Produce the most accurate description of the (v) Identity signifien it 4n organisation’s EMS is a team effort. 0 detrmine thes An organisation can utilise the ©? 'gnificant environmental aspects of its “ument Is rise of i =| ie wi) (vii) (vii (ix ) ° ‘This will help in focussing ON those ag, some control or influence, Determinin Over Whi pased on the judgement of Severity of wi i are the frequency of its Occurrence, ang th ie caused 'Bnificant ig fore, ae . . pa scrutin cd. It requires many iterations, before y C2Ch aspect ee list of significant environmentaj aspects the team ay ives ats ® be Decide the environmental Policy; Ha final environmental aspects and established eee identified the environmental performance jn the form a i organisations need to write their broad int environment. This will form or evolve into an the requirements of the stan Significant TMS to j Objectives and ‘entions conce; nen f dards, This document PSs mesg organisation’s commitments towards Complying with legal 7 ae pollution Prevention and Continuous improvement, Note that polly fe may not be a one-time affair. It is quite likely that organisations are reann (o revisit the objectives formulated and targets identified commens oid with the outcomes of the initial implementation process, This iterative process helps in firming up the Policy statements, Identify environmental management programmes: An environmental management programme (EMP) may be considered a Project or a plan of action to achieve objectives and targets. At this Stage, the methodology of realising the objectives, the Steps involved, the persons responsible for implementing these steps, the time frame of implementation, the means required, etc., should be noted. Identify training needs and personnel whose work affects the environment: It is essential to identify the training needs of the Lsieaae by ‘ etence (based on the educational » Comparing the present comp v ired competence. ualifications, past work experience, etc.) with the require iaas' ania Organisations are expected to have training nee vvenes Seas "nodules and training records, and must check the effectiveness of ie TET 'mparted. The training must make the personnel | impacts of their Conformance with environmental policy, oom the specified operand Work activity and the consequences of departing Procedures. 7 Establish communication system: ae as exte 'mperative to impress on the employees, aS the Teasons for adopting EMS. Teate proper documentation: Mleraction among the core elements targets, Ting the q yels are mmunication channels ¢ 01 nal interested partes jon describes the ‘The EMS documentatio’ Oe key the system” and provides of Registration ‘on necessary to understand the environmental = ae the organisation. This is of immense use 1 ee eae Se are required to cond aN audits: sa a EM implementation. But, EMS audits conduc YS iy meet the requirements of the ISO standard will not be of much ou o long term. For sustained benefits, Organisations must invest in EMs the programmes by giving employees proper training, Providing audi, time for audit, etc. Importantly, senior management should Poropiae commitment to audits and provide visible support to the auditors. Ths iy encourage the auditors to point out the weaknesses in the system wi Will any hesitation. As inept audits—as a result of doctored auditing—are a uncommon, the support of senior management is very critical in carrying out and documenting EMS audits. (xii) Conduct management review: Management must Periodical} EMS to evaluate its suitability and effectiveness. (xiii) Perform a final gap analysis: Final gap analyses help organisations determine whether they are ready for a registration audit, In other words, the results of the final gap analyses help organisations decide whether or not to apply for certification by outside auditors. YY review the Organisations are registered by outside auditors—also known as registrars—meeting the ISO 14001 standard. The registration can be for a specific site, several sites or the entire organisation. The registration process involves the following steps: ) Establishing the scope of the registration. This can be done intemally o - with the help of outside auditors. stration Gi) Applying for Tegistration. This is a written application to the re body. ,,. Wo the registration body. Outside auditors perform full based on (WY) Getting the grant of registration by the certification body auditor’s findings. di approval © Restving Cither approval (conditional or provisional) or di i ‘ Pe ed Sw’ @ Certificate as a proof of registration and getting Certification Tegister. i it) Maintaining the re and Measuring implementing ¢ Tecords and esi T. mosiorite istration through ongoing activities including os the EMS, investigating and handling n00-COnt aa) ‘rTective and preventive actions, maintaining i re ‘ablishing and maintaining the ISO 14000 audit tions ords, er Or plement ISO 14001 0 say, fam organisation’s esvronmenal mica at 8 ag ahey are willing to commit resources, the ‘ammes, effective Te ators requiTed for the EMS developmen, ges ¢@*!0Pmen wit he is a ne entire process till certification in eight on " com pe equivalent of one fourth of an employee's tim, ten S. (Note that i Hecues. The final four to five months wine ee miay pl fa . wil i the established system, The Tongestand ve Tequired for checking n Plce, iis pes, ving ra limp jrocess Will be training.) Meet or you read any further, you must note that;

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