Aggregate function:

An aggregate function is a function that performs a calculation on a set of values,

and returns a single value.
Ex:SUM, COUNT, and AVG

Aggregation in NoSQL:
Aggregation operations process multiple documents and return computed results. You
can use aggregation operations to:

Group values from multiple documents together.

Perform operations on the grouped data to return a single result.
Analyze data changes over time.

// insert documents to student collections

db.customer.insertMany([
{ _id: 3, name: "Charlie", age: 21, score: 78 },
{ _id: 4, name: "David", age: 23, score: 88 },
{ _id: 5, name: "Emma", age: 20, score: 95 },
{ _id: 6, name: "Frank", age: 22, score: 75 },
{ _id: 7, name: "Grace", age: 21, score: 90 },
{ _id: 8, name: "Hannah", age: 22, score: 82 },
{ _id: 9, name: "Ivy", age: 20, score: 89 },
{ _id: 10, name: "Jack", age: 23, score: 91 },
{ _id: 11, name: "Katherine", age: 21, score: 87 },
{ _id: 12, name: "Leo", age: 22, score: 79 },
// Add more student documents here...
]);
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$match
Filters the documents to pass only the documents that match the specified
condition(s) to the next pipeline stage.
{ $match: { <query> } }

db.customer.aggregate([
{
$match: { age: { $gte: 21 } }
}
]);

// Find students named "Alice"

db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { name: "Alice" }
}
]);
// Find students older than 22 years
db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { age: { $gt: 22 } }
}
]);
// Find students older than 20 and with a score greater than or equal to 80
db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { age: { $gt: 20 }, score: { $gte: 80 } }
 }
]);
// Find students whose name starts with "J"
db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { name: /^J/ }
}
]);
// Find students who have taken the course "Math"
db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { courses: "Math" }
}
]);
// Find students who are either 18 years old or have a score greater than 90
db.students.aggregate([
{
$match: { $or: [ { age: 18 }, { score: { $gt: 90 } } ] }
}
]);
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$group
The $group stage separates documents into groups according to a "group key". The
output is one document for each unique group key.

Example 1: Count Students by Age Group

db.students.aggregate([
{
$group: {
_id: "$age", // Group by the "age" field
count: { $sum: 1 } // Count the number of students in each age group
}
}
]);
Example 2: Find Maximum and Minimum Scores by Age Group
db.students.aggregate([
{
$group: {
_id: "$age", // Group by the "age" field
maxScore: { $max: "$score" }, // Find the maximum score in each age group
minScore: { $min: "$score" } // Find the minimum score in each age group
}
}
]);
Example 3: Calculate Total Score and Average Score for Each Age Group
db.students.aggregate([
{
$group: {
_id: "$age", // Group by the "age" field
totalScore: { $sum: "$score" }, // Calculate the total score in each age
group
averageScore: { $avg: "$score" } // Calculate the average score in each age
group
}
}
]);
Example 4: Find the Most Common Age Among Students
db.students.aggregate([
{
$group: {
_id: "$age", // Group by the "age" field
count: { $sum: 1 } // Count the number of students in each age group
}
},
{
$sort: { count: -1 } // Sort the results by count in descending order
},
{
$limit: 1 // Limit the result to the top age group with the most
students
}
]);
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$sort
Example 1: Sort Documents by a Single Field in Ascending Order

db.students.aggregate([
{
$sort: { name: 1 }
}
]);
Example 2: Sort Documents by a Single Field in Descending Order
db.students.aggregate([
{
$sort: { age: -1 }
}
]);
Example 3: Sort Documents by Multiple Fields
db.students.aggregate([
{
$sort: { age: 1, score: -1 }
}
]);