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Full download The Science of Paediatrics: MRCPCH Mastercourse 1st Edition Tom Lissauer file pdf all chapter on 2024
Full download The Science of Paediatrics: MRCPCH Mastercourse 1st Edition Tom Lissauer file pdf all chapter on 2024
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Deputy editor
Will Carroll
MD MRCP MRCPCH BM BCh BA MA(Oxon)
Consultant Paediatrician, University Hospital of the North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
Associate editors
Robert Dinwiddie
MB ChB FRCP FRCPCH DCH
Formerly Consultant Paediatrician, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
Michael Hall
MB ChB FRCP FRCPCH DCH
Consultant Paediatrician, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton
Senior Clinical Lecturer, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
Foreword by
Neena Modi
MB ChB MD FRCP FRCPCH FRCPE
President of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, UK;
Professor of Neonatal Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
EDINBURGH LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PHILADELPHIA ST LOUIS SYDNEY TORONTO 2017
© 2017, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek
permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements
with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency,
can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by
the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein).
Notices
Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience
broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical
treatment may become necessary.
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in
evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In
using such information or methods, they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of
others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility.
With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identified, readers are advised to check
the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of
each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and
duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying
on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine
dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety
precautions.
To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors,
assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products,
instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein.
ISBN: 978-0-7020-6313-8
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Printed in Italy
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Foreword, ix
Preface, xi
List of Contributors, xiii
Index, 771
vii
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Foreword
This book is a welcome addition to the publications that an intervention is effective and safe. Medicine as
from the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child a science recognizes absolute proof, or truth, to be an
Health. It provides background material for trainees illusion and instead focuses attention on reducing
undertaking the ‘Theory and Science’ component of uncertainty. Hence the principle of the null hypothe-
the MRCPCH examinations. I hope that it will also be sis, and the objective to attempt to reject it that is the
widely read by paediatricians and other health profes- basis of scientific rigour. This book offers insight into
sionals involved in caring for children, as it provides the building blocks of scientific advancement, as well
a wealth of information on the scientific basis of clini- as the excitement.
cal paediatrics. I am very pleased to have been involved in the
Good medical practice that is effective and safe genesis of this book. It is innovative and original in
requires constant nourishment from a pipeline that assisting the reader to apply the principles of science
leads from discovery and evidence generation, through to paediatric practice, and in conveying the messages
implementation to evaluation. Each of these elements of science to our patients and their parents. It will
is important; discovery may be targeted (such as inter- inform and enlighten, and stimulate you to contribute
national collaboration to crack the human genome) to the advance of paediatrics.
or serendipitous (such as the discovery of penicillin),
but without successful implementation, discovery is Professor Neena Modi
barren, and without evaluation we cannot be certain President, Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health
ix
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Preface
Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important
thing is not to stop questioning.
Albert Einstein
This book, The Science of Paediatrics: MRCPCH Master- children. We are harming our own patients on a daily
course, is about the application of science to paediatric basis if we misinterpret results of investigations or do
clinical practice. It is not about the underlying basic not obtain the most appropriate therapy for them.
science, such as biochemistry and the structure and Paediatricians have often thought that scientific ques-
action of cells, which is covered in undergraduate tioning cannot be applied to children because trials or
medical school. Instead, it is about how we can suc- investigations are too difficult to perform involving
cessfully apply that science in everyday paediatric care. them. Fortunately, this is rapidly changing, and we
The book has been designed to cover the curriculum hope that this book will stimulate paediatricians to
of the MRCPCH Theory and Science examination. It question their clinical practice and seek to discover the
is the culmination of many requests to provide back- latest evidence to answer their questions.
ground preparation for the exam. Our aim is to fill the In this book there are chapters on the importance
gap between the basic science of undergraduate of applied science in paediatrics, epidemiology, clini-
medical school and its application to paediatrics. cal research, statistics, evidence-based medicine and
Some paediatricians have questioned us about the ethics, which are particularly informative as they
need for in-depth knowledge about science in clinical contain many examples of their application to paedi-
practice. Yet we believe that in order to achieve and atrics. There are also chapters covering all the systems,
maintain excellence it is essential to adopt a scientific with a particular emphasis on embryology as this
understanding of all that we do, whether it is interpret- explains the origin of many congenital abnormalities,
ing clinical signs or investigations, prescribing drugs a brief reminder about the relevant anatomy and phys-
or identifying the best management for our patients. iology as well as a particular focus on understanding
Indeed, separating science from clinical practice is arti- the application and interpretation of investigations
ficial and often unhelpful, and it is this division that and of the use and mechanism of action of therapies.
we struggled most with in the preparation of this Rather than providing didactic details of what clinical
book. practice should be followed, we have tried to provide
We all wish to provide the best possible care for our information about the reasons and evidence base for
patients. Yet paediatricians have been responsible for it, whether it be the assessment of bruises and frac-
advocating practices that have turned out to be tures in child protection, different feeding practices in
harmful, such as the recommendation that babies lie nutrition or the management of shock in intensive
prone when sleeping, which substantially increased care. There is also a chapter of quality improvement,
the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, or uncon- in view of its importance in providing high-quality
trolled oxygen therapy for preterm babies, causing care.
retinopathy of prematurity. These have resulted from Exam-style questions have been embedded in the
lack of scientific rigour when introducing new prac- chapters. Mostly, they come before the relevant section
tices. But it is not just the profession as a whole or in in the chapter, so that readers can check their know
the past that has been responsible for causing harm to ledge and understanding before rather than after xi
reading about the topic. There are also many case We would like to thank all those who helped bring
histories and examples of recent advances in science this ambitious project to fruition. Finally, it is to our
that have been of benefit in the care of children. families we wish to extend a special thanks for putting
Further material to assist with exam preparation, up with us retreating to our computers at every spare
which complements this book, can be found in Clini- moment for the last couple of years.
cal Cases for MRCPCH Theory and Science (RCPCH). We Tom Lissauer
Preface
have assumed that readers will have read an under- Will Carroll
graduate textbook of paediatrics, and have tried to
avoid replicating their content.
xii
List of Contributors
xiv
Victor Grech Richard D W Hain Nadya James
MD PhD(Lond) PhD(Malta) MD BS MSc MSt FRCPCH MB BS BSc(Hons) MRCPCH
FRCPCH MRCP(UK) DCH FRCPE DipPalMed PGCertEd Consultant in Community
Consultant Paediatrician FHEA Paediatrics, Nottingham University
(Cardiology) and Associate Consultant and Lead Clinician, Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
Professor of Paediatrics, University Child Health, Children’s Hospital, 4. Normal child development, 5.
of Malta; Heath Park, Wales, UK; Developmental problems and the
Editor-in-Chief, Images in Visiting Professor, University of child with special needs, 28.
Paediatric Cardiology; South Wales; Neurology
Editor, Malta Medical Journal, Honorary Senior Lecturer, Bangor
Malta University, Bangor, Wales Elisabeth Jameson
38. Statistics 34. Palliative medicine BSc(Hons) MBBCh(Hons) MSc
MRCPCH
Jessica Green Christian Harkensee Consultant Paediatrician in
MRCPCH MD PhD MSc DLSHTM FRCPCH Inborn Errors of Metabolism,
Specialist Registrar in Paediatrics, Consultant Paediatric Infectious Willink Biochemical Genetics
Bristol Royal Hospital for Diseases, Immunology and Unit, St Mary’s Hospital,
Children, Bristol, UK Allergy, University Hospital of Manchester, UK
18. Cardiology North Tees, Stockton-on-Tees, UK 29. Metabolic medicine
15. Infection and immunity
John W Gregory Sharmila Jandial
MBChB DCH FRCP Deborah Hodes MBChB MRCPCH MD
FRCPCH MD BSc MB BS DRCOG FRCPCH Consultant Paediatric
Professor in Paediatric Consultant Paediatrician, Royal Rheumatologist, Great North
Endocrinology, School of Free London NHS Foundation Children’s Hospital, Newcastle
Medicine, Cardiff University, Trust and University College upon Tyne, UK
Cardiff, UK London Hospitals NHS 27. Musculoskeletal disorders
12. Growth and puberty, Foundation Trust, London, UK
20. Genital Disorders, 8. Child protection Huw Jenkins
26. Diabetes and endocrinology MA MB BChir MD FRCP
Lee Hudson FRCPCH
Hayley Griffin MBChB MRCPCH FRACP Consultant Paediatric
MB BS BSc MRCPCH PGDip Consultant Paediatrician, General Gastroenterologist, Child Health,
Specialty Registrar in Paediatric Paediatrics and Adolescent Children’s Hospital for Wales,
Neurodisability, Nottingham Medicine and Department of Cardiff, UK
Children’s Hospital, Nottingham, Child and Adolescent Mental 14. Gastroenterology
UK Health, Great Ormond Street
5. Developmental problems and the Hospital for Children; Christine E Jones
child with special needs Honorary Senior Lecturer, UCL BMedSci BMBS MRCPCH
Institute of Child Health, London, PGCertHBE FHEA PhD
Joanne Griffiths UK Clinical Lecturer, Paediatric
MBChB 32. Adolescent medicine Infectious Diseases Research
Consultant in Palliative Care and Group, Institute for Infection and
Community Paediatrics, David P Inwald Immunity, St George’s University
Department of Child Health, MB BChir FRCPCH PhD of London, London, UK
Abertawe Bro Morgannwg Health Consultant in Paediatric Intensive 15. Infection and immunity
Board, Swansea, UK Care, Paediatric Intensive Care
34. Palliative medicine Unit, St Mary’s Hospital, London, Deirdre Kelly
UK FRCPCH FRCP FRCPI MD
6. Paediatric emergencies and critical Professor of Paediatric Hepatology,
care The Liver Unit, Birmingham
Children’s Hospital;
University of Birmingham,
Birmingham, UK
21. Hepatology xv
Peter I Lachman Warren Lenney Stephen D Marks
MD MMed MPH MBBCH BA MD DCH MBChB MD MSc MRCP DCH FRCPCH
FRCP FCP(SA) FRCPI Professor of Respiratory Child Consultant Paediatric
Deputy Medical Director, Great Health, Keele University, Faculty Nephrologist, Department of
Ormond Street Hospital NHS of Health, Institute for Science Paediatric Nephrology, Great
Foundation Trust, London, UK and Technology in Medicine, Ormond Street Hospital for
40. Quality improvement and the Keele, UK; Children NHS Foundation Trust,
clinician Consultant Respiratory London, UK
Paediatrician, Royal Stoke 19. Nephrology
Mithilesh Kumar Lal University Hospital, Academic
MD MRCP FRCPCH Department of Child Health, Michael Marsh
Consultant, Department of Stoke-on-Trent, UK MBBS FRCP
Neonatal Medicine, The James 17. Respiratory medicine Medical Director, University
Cook University Hospital, Hospital Southampton and
Middlesbrough, UK Simon Li Consultant Paediatric Intensivist,
10. Perinatal medicine, 11. Neonatal MBChB BSc(Hons) MRCPCH University Hospital Southampton,
medicine Specialist Registrar in Paediatrics, Southampton, UK
Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK 6. Paediatric emergencies and critical
Daniel Langer 3. History and examination care
MBChB BSc(Hons)
PGDip(Paediatric YiFan Liang Katherine Martin
Infectious Diseases) BM BCh MA DCH FRCPCH MBChB BSc(Hons) MRCPCH
Consultant Paediatrician, Epsom Consultant in Paediatrics, South Consultant Paediatrician, Child
and St Helier Hospital, Epsom, Tees NHS Foundation Trust, Development Centre, Nottingham
UK Middlesbrough, UK Children’s Hospital, Nottingham
15. Infection and immunity 34. Palliative medicine University Hospitals NHS Trust,
Nottingham, UK
Susie Lapwood Lynette M Linkson 5. Developmental problems and the
MA(Cantab) BM BCh(Oxon) MB CHB MRCP child with special needs
MRCGP Darzi Fellow 2013–2014, Quality
Head of Research, Education and Safety and Transformation, Great Gary McCullagh
Professional Development and Ormond Street Hospital for MB BCH BAO MRCPCH
Senior Specialty Doctor, Helen Children NHS Foundation Trust, Consultant Paediatric Neurologist,
and Douglas House Hospices for London, UK Royal Manchester Children’s
Children and Young Adults, 40. Quality improvement and the Hospital, Manchester, UK
Oxford, UK; clinician 28. Neurology
Honorary Clinical Fellow, Oxford
University Hospitals NHS Trust, Rajib Lodh Janet McDonagh
Oxford, UK MBChB BMedSci MRCPCH MB BS MD
34. Palliative medicine PGCertMedEd PGDipClinRes Senior Lecturer in Paediatric and
Consultant in Paediatric Adolescent Rheumatology, Centre
Kirsty Le Doare Neurorehabilitation, Leeds for Musculoskeletal Research,
BA(Hons) MBBS MRCPCH Children’s Hospital, Leeds University of Manchester,
PGCertHBE Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Manchester, UK
Consultant in Paediatric Infectious Leeds, UK 32. Adolescent medicine
Diseases, Department of 27. Musculoskeletal disorders
Paediatrics, Imperial College, Flora McErlane
London, London, UK Dan Magnus MBChB MRCPCH MSc
15. Infection and immunity BMedSci BMBS MRCPCH MSc Consultant Paediatric
Consultant Paediatric Emergency Rheumatologist, Paediatric
Medicine, Bristol Royal Hospital Rheumatology, Great North
for Children, Bristol, UK Children’s Hospital, Newcastle
33. Global child health upon Tyne, UK
27. Musculoskeletal disorders
xvi
Anil Mehta Omendra Narayan Irene A G Roberts
MBBS MSc FRCPCH FRCP MBBS MSc FRCPCH MD FRCPath
Hon Consultant/Reader, CVS Consultant in Paediatric Professor of Paediatric
Diabetes, University of Dundee, Respiratory Medicine, Royal Haematology, Oxford University
Dundee, UK Manchester Children’s Hospital, Department of Paediatrics,
1. The role of science and research in Manchester, UK Children’s Hospital and Molecular
paediatrics 15. Infection and immunity Haematology Unit, Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine,
Nazakat Merchant David O’Connor John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford,
MBBS FRCPCH MD MBChB PhD FRCPath UK
Consultant Neonatologist, West Locum Consultant in Paediatric 23. Haematology
Hertfordshire NHS Trust, Watford Haematology, Department of
Hospital, Watford, UK Haematology, Great Ormond Kerry Robinson
10. Perinatal medicine, Street Hospital, London, UK MA MRCPCH
11. Neonatal medicine 23. Haematology Consultant Paediatrician,
Whittington Health NHS Trust,
Lawrence Miall Ian Petransky London, UK
MB BS BSc MMedSc FRCPCH MBBS MRCPCH 8. Child protection
Consultant Neonatologist, Leeds Paediatric Registrar, Department of
Teaching Hospital, Leeds, UK; Paediatrics, Chesterfield Royal Jane Runnacles
Hon Senior Lecturer, University of Hospital, Chesterfield, UK MBBS BSc(Hons) MRCPCH MA
Leeds, Leeds, UK 3. History and examination Consultant Paediatrician, Royal
10. Perinatal medicine Free Hospital, London, UK
Bob Phillips 40. Quality improvement and the
Mike Miller BMBCh MA MMedSci PhD clinician
MRCPCH MRCP MB BS Dip NIHR Post-Doctoral Fellow and
Pall Med Honorary Consultant in Paediatric Nicola Ruth
Consultant, Martin House Oncology, Centre for Reviews and MBChB BSc(Hons) PGA(Med
Children’s Hospice, Wetherby, UK Dissemination, University of York, Education) MRCPCH
34. Palliative medicine York, UK Clinical Research Fellow in
39. Evidence-based paediatrics Paediatric Hepatology, The Liver
Neena Modi Unit, Birmingham Children’s
MB ChB MD FRCP FRCPCH Kaukab Rajput Hospital/University of
FRCPE FRCS FRCP MSc Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
President of the Royal College of Consultant Audiovestibular 21. Hepatology
Paediatrics and Child Health, Physician, Great Ormond Street
London, UK; Hospital for Sick Children NHS Manish Sadarangani
Professor of Neonatal Medicine, Foundation Trust, London, UK BM BCh MRCPCH DPhil
Imperial College London, London, 31. Hearing and balance Clinical Lecturer and Honorary
UK Consultant in Paediatric Infectious
1. The role of science and research in Dipak Ram Diseases & Immunology,
paediatrics MBBS MRCPCH University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Paediatric Neurology Specialist 15. Infection and immunity
Daniel Morgenstern Registrar, Royal Manchester
MB BChir PhD FRPCH Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK Helen Sammons
Consultant Paediatric Oncologist, 28. Neurology MBChB MRCPCH DM
Great Ormond Street Hospital, Associate Professor of Child
London, UK; Sarah Rayfield Health at the University of
Honorary Senior Lecturer, UCL MB BS MSc MFPH Nottingham and Consultant
Institute of Child Health, London, Specialist Registrar Public Health, Paediatrician at the Derbyshire
UK Oxford Deanery, Oxford, UK Children’s Hospital, Derby, UK
22. Oncology 2. Epidemiology and public health 36. Pharmacology and therapeutics
xvii
Nwanneka N Sargant Lynn Sinitsky Robert M R Tulloh
BM MCPCH DFRSH BA MBBS MRCPCH MSc BM BCh MA DM(Oxon) Cert Ed
Paediatric Specialty Registrar, Paediatric Registrar, London FRCP FRCPCH
University Hospitals Bristol NHS Deanery, London, UK Professor, Congenital Cardiology,
Trust, Bristol Royal Hospital for 6. Paediatric emergencies and critical University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;
Children, Bristol, UK care Consultant Paediatric Cardiologist,
xviii
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Stott, Gnr. F.
Tallent, Gnr. W.
Thornburrow, Dvr. J.
Tonkin, Gnr. J.
Turner, Dvr. J.
Tyson, Dvr. S.
Waddington, Dvr. E.
Waldwin, Gnr. W.
Wilson, Dvr. P.
Woodruffe, Dvr. F. E.
Wolsey, Dvr. S.
Ashworth, Fitter-Cpl. R.
Ashworth, Gnr. S.
Bardsley, Gnr. H.
Baybutt, Cpl. A.
Bewley, Dvr. J.
Blenkin, Cpl. T. J.
Boardman, Gnr. T. H.
Bridge, Gnr. A.
Bush, Gnr. P.
Bushby, Gnr. E.
Chipchase, Gnr. J.
Clayton, Sgt. E.
Connor, Gnr. J. W.
Cook, Sgt. T.
Cook, Dvr. W.
Crickett, Gnr. J.
Cunnane, Gnr. T.
Curtis, Bdr. W.
Dixon, Gnr. R.
Dixon, Dvr. W.
Earnshaw, Dvr.
Edwards, Dvr. A.
Edwards, Gnr. R.
Fell, Bdr. J.
Ford, Gnr. A.
Fox, Sgt. W.
Gambles, Bdr. J.
Gray, Farr.-Sgt. W.
Hallworth, Cpl. T.
Hancock, Siglr. G. A.
Hardman, Gnr. E. C.
Hardy, Gnr. H.
Hart, Sgt. T. V.
Heaney, Dvr. W.
Henshall, Gnr. D.
Holliday, Gnr. R.
Holmes, Bdr. W.
Hope, Bdr. L.
Howarth, Dvr. C. J.
Hunter, Gnr. N.
Jeffrey, Dvr. H.
Johnstone, Gnr. H.
Kent, Dvr. S.
Lawson, Bdr. T.
McEvoy, Gnr. R.
McGee, Gnr. A.
Murray, Dvr. F.
Oliver, Dvr. A. E.
O’Neill, Dvr.
Reed, Gnr. M.
Rowbotham, Dvr. S.
Russell, Dvr. N.
Schofield, Gnr. J.
Sharpe, L.-Cpl. J. H.
Shaw, Cpl. T.
Shortland, Dvr. E.
Smith, Sgt. W.
Taft, Gnr. S.
Thompson, Sgt. J.
Threlfall, Gnr. L. H.
Varty, Gnr. T. B.
Waddington, Bdr. R.
Wagstaff, Gnr. S.
Warburton, Bdr. R.
Webster, Gnr. H. L.
Whiteley, Gnr. R.
Whitworth, Gnr. C.
Wilson, Cpl. J. G.
Wood, Gnr. W. H.
Benson, Dvr. H.
Duerden, Cpl. E.
Harding, Dvr. A.
Holt, Dvr. L.
Pontefract, Dvr. V.
Prattley, Dvr. G. T.
Rolley, Dvr. J.
Whaite, Dvr. A.
Wilson, S/S. J.
ROYAL ENGINEERS
Officers
Eastwood, Lieut. R. A.
Mackenzie, Lieut. L. A.
Taunton, Lieut. O., M.C.
Ainley, 2nd Lieut. K. E. D.
Hunter, 2nd Lieut. J. K.
Malcolm, 2nd Lieut. W. N.
Other Ranks
Officers
Carver, Capt. O. A.
Bull, Lieut. G. J. O.
Angus, 2nd Lieut. R. B.
Saint, 2nd Lieut. J. H.
Woods, 2nd Lieut. B. H.
Other Ranks
Atkinson, Sap. M.
Barlow, Sap. W.
Bold, Drv. C. H.
Bradshaw, Sap. A.
Brooks, Trmptr. W.
Brocklesby, L.-Cpl. E.
Butterworth, L.-Cpl. J.
Cooper, Sap. A.
Dunn, Sap. J.
Elliott, Sap. C. K.
Farmer, Drv. H.
Goldstraw, 2nd Cpl. R.
Gore, Sap. A.
Greenhalgh, Sap. H.
Greenwood, Sap. W.
Grimshaw, Sap. G. H.
Hampson, Sap. G.
Harwood, Sap. J.
Hinsley, Sap. T
Hodge, Sap. W. R.
Jackson, Sap. H.
Kelsall, Sap. J. H.
Kerridge, Cpl. W.
Knott, Sap. W.
Magee, Drv. J.
McLeavy, Cpl. G.
McLeod, Sap. W.
McQuinn, L.-Cpl. O.
Mellor, Sgt. W.
Moor, Sap. H.
Moscrop, Sap. J. A.
Mountfield, Sap. H.
Naylor, Cpl. W.
Nugent, Sap. J.
O’Donnell, Sap. F.
Palmer, Sap. J. E.
Pickston, L.-Cpl. H. V.
Potts, Sap. J.
Robinson, Sap. G.
Saunders, Sap. J.
Scott, Sap. J.
Shaw, Cpl. H.
Shaw, L.-Cpl. T. E.
Staresmere, Sap. W.
Stephenson, Sap. F.
Swift, L.-Cpl. H.
Taylor, Drv. J.
Warburton, Sap. H.
Ward, Sap. T. H.
Waterhouse, Sap. T.
Wielding, 2nd Cpl. T.
Officers
Chapman, Lieut. D. C.
Other Ranks
Ashton, Sap. A.
Baker, Sap. W. F.
Barraclough, Sap. F.
Bates, Sap. S.
Carter, Sap. J. W.
Cooke, Sap. F.
Deedman, Sap. S. F.
Evan, Sap. J. T.
Flynn, Sap. J.
Galpine, Sap. H.
Hellon, Sap. J. W.
Holland, Sap. J.
Hynes, Cpl. W.
Jones, Drv. B.
Kershaw, Sap. G. B.
Mansfield, Sap. A.
McCannah, Sap. S.
Meckin, L.-Cpl. J.
Mort, Cpl. S. C.
Newton, Sgt. J. L.
Rooney, Sap. J.
Royles, Sap. J. H.
Scott, Sap. W.
Shaw, Sap. T. J.
Staveley, Sap. H.
Tomlinson, Sap. J.
Thompson, Sap. J. C.
Walker, Drv. A. W.
Walker, L.-Cpl. G. H.
Watson, Sap. H. H.
Williams, Sap. C.
Williams, Sap. R. C.
Wilkinson, Sap. W.
Wright, L.-Cpl. D.
Yates, Sap. S.
Officers
Other Ranks
Aitchison, Sap. E.
Ardis, Cpl. J.
Bayley, Drv. T.
Broderick, Sap. J., D.C.M.
Couch, L.-Cpl. H., M.M.
Cox, L.-Cpl. R. S.
Dowd, Sap. H. W.
Edwards, S.S. T.
Fielding, Cpl. J., M.M.
Findlay, Pioneer R.
Garside, Sap. F.
Hall, Pioneer E.
Hartley, Drv. W.
Heap, Sap. C.
Heywood, Sap. A.
Higginbottom, Sap. G.
Humphreys, Sap. C. Y.
Jackson, Sap. F.
Kennedy, Cpl. J.
Latter, Sap. S.
Law, Pioneer J. W.
Ling, Sap. A.
Lorimer, Sap. W. E.
Lowe, Drv. J.
McGuire, Drv. J.
Naylor, Sap. E. C.
Penson, Sap. C. W.
Poole, Sap. A.
Richardson, Pioneer J.
Sheppard, Sap. F. W.
Sinclair, Sap. J.
Smith, Sap. J. W.
Sutcliffe, Pioneer N.
Walsh, Sap. J.
Other Ranks
Adams, Pte. H.
Alderson, Pte. R. A.
Aldridge, Pte. G.
Allcock, Pte. W.
Allen, Pte. H.
Allen, Pte. W.
Alliban, Pte. H.
Alston, L.-Cpl. H.
Andrews, L.-Cpl. H. H.
Andrews, Pte. J.
Andrews, Pte. R. A.
Ansins, Pte. G.
Antrobus, Pte. W.
Archer, Pte. E. J.
Armstrong, L.-Cpl. W.
Ash, Pte. G. V.
Ashton, Pte. A.
Ashton, Pte. J. H.
Ashton, Pte. R. J.
Ashworth, Pte. H.
Atkinson, Pte. W.
Austin, Pte. J.
Austin, Pte. R.
Bageant, Pte. F.
Bamford, Pte. B. P.
Bamford, Pte. W.
Bamford, Pte. W.
Banks, C.Sgt.-Mjr. W.
Barker, Pte. L.
Barker, Pte. T.
Barker, Cpl. T. H.
Barley, Pte. G.
Barlow, Pte. F.
Barnes, L.-Cpl. C. E.
Barton, Cpl. J. A.
Beardsworth, Pte. R.
Beaumont, Pte. J.
Bedford, Pte. C.
Bedford, Pte. C. J.
Bennett, Pte. J.
Bennett, Sgt. J.
Bent, Pte. W.
Berry, Pte. H.
Berry, Pte. J.
Berry, Pte. L.
Bills, Pte. H.
Birch, Pte. H.
Birchall, Pte. F.
Bird, Pte. W. T.
Bishop, Pte. C.
Boardman, Pte. C.
Boardman, Pte. D.
Boon, L.-Cpl. J. J.
Booth, Pte. N.
Booth, Sgt. H.
Booth, Pte. J. W.
Booth, Pte. S.
Boothman, Pte. J.
Bowden, Cpl. C.
Bowker, Cpl. T.
Bradburn, Pte. H.
Bradford, Pte. L.
Bradley, Pte. H.
Bradshaw, Pte. A.
Brand, Sgt. H.
Brennan, Cpl. J.
Brierley, Pte. J. J.
Brocklehurst, Pte. F.
Brooks, Pte. A.
Brooks, Cpl. W.
Brown, Pte. T.
Brown, Pte. G.
Brown, Pte. H.
Buckley, Cpl. E. F.
Buckley, Pte. J.
Bunn, Pte. A.
Bunn, L.-Cpl. J. J.
Burden, Pte. F.
Burke, Pte. J.
Burke, Cpl. P.
Burrows, Pte. C.
Burston, Pte. W.
Butterworth, Pte. A.
Butterworth, Pte. E.
Butterworth, Pte. F.
Butterworth, Pte. G.
Butterworth, Cpl. J.
Butterworth, Pte. J.
Butterworth, Pte. R.
Butterworth, Pte. W.
Butterworth, Cpl. W.
Buxton, Pte. G. V.
Calderbank, Pte. F.
Calverley, L.-Cpl. J. E.
Carless, C.Sgt.-Mjr. W., D.C.M.
Carmichael, Pte. R. F.
Carney, Pte. J.
Carr, Pte. J.
Carroll, Pte. W.
Carruthers, Pte. J. R.
Chadwick, C.Sgt.-Mjr. J.
Chamley, Pte. W.
Chapman, Pte. E.
Charles, Pte. D.
Charman, Pte. A.
Clarke, Pte. G.
Clarke, Pte. W.
Clarke, Cpl. S. E.
Clifford, Pte. M.
Cockcroft, L.-Cpl. E.
Coe, Pte. A.
Collantine, Pte. J.
Collinson, Pte. F.
Compston, Cpl. T. H.
Connell, Pte. W.
Connelly, Pte. J.
Consterdine, Sgt. W.
Cookson, Pte. H.
Cooper, Pte. A.
Cooper, Pte. W. E.
Corlett, Pte. J. A.
Corser, Cpl. F.
Cowley, Pte. J.
Crabtree, Pte. J.
Crabtree, Pte. W.
Crawford, Pte. H.
Crawford, Pte. W.
Crawford, Pte. W.
Crook, Pte. A.
Crossley, Pte. J. H.
Crowther, Pte. W.
Cryer, Pte. F.
Cullen, Pte. J.
Curran, Pte. J.
Curran, Pte. T.
Cutts, Pte. H.
Dakin, Pte. E. B.
Davison, Pte. T.
Dawson, L.-Cpl. W. L.
Dean, Pte. R.
Dearden, Sgt. F.
Dickie, L.-Cpl. D.
Dixon, Pte. C.
Dixon, Pte. F.
Dobson, Pte. T.
Dodd, Pte. T.
Douglas, Pte. J. W.
Duckworth, Pte. R.
Dudley, Pte. H.
Duncan, Pte. W.
Duxbury, Pte. W.
Eatough, Pte. L.
Eccles, Pte. T.
Eckersley, Sgt. E.
Eckersley, Pte. F.
Egerton, Pte. F.
Entwistle, Pte. D.
Evans, Pte. C.
Evans, L.-Cpl. E. R.
Fitzsimmonds, Pte. T.
Fletcher, Pte. G.
Flook, Pte. A.
Ford, Pte. J.
Foxcroft, Pte. A.
Foxcroft, Pte. W.
Fraser, Pte. J.
French, Pte. G.
Frith, Pte. C.
Garland, Pte. A.
Garner, Pte. G. H.
Garner, Pte. W. R.
Garswood, Pte. G.
Gibbons, Pte. C.
Glasgow, Pte. R.