Polytechnic University of the Philippines

College Of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Academic Year 2023-2024

QUIZ NO. 2

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements in
Engineering Utilities 2
MEEN 011

Submitted by:
Junio, Jonalyn T.

Course, Year, and Section

BS Civil Engineering 2-4

Submitted to:
Sir Armingol Morales
Professor

Deadline of Submission:
July 09, 2024

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Sta. Mesa Manila Philippines
The country’s first polytechnic university
 Polytechnic University of the Philippines
College Of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Academic Year 2023-2024

1.
a. Compressor: Like air conditioning or refrigeration systems, it is a device that increases the
pressure of a gas to condense it into a liquid. This process is essential for the proper functioning
of these systems as it helps in cooling or refrigeration by compressing the refrigerant gas, which
then releases heat and cools down to form a liquid. Compressors play a crucial role in
maintaining the desired temperature in various applications, making them a vital component in
utility systems.

b. Air cylinders: They store compressed air that can be used to power various tools and
equipment. When the air is released from the cylinder, it can drive pneumatic machinery, such as
pumps, motors, and actuators. These cylinders are essential in many industrial applications
where compressed air is used as a source of energy to perform work efficiently.

c. Pressure Amplifier: It increases the pressure of a fluid or gas to a higher level, allowing it to be
used effectively in various applications. This amplification of pressure is crucial in systems
where higher pressures are required for specific tasks, helping to enhance the overall
performance and efficiency of the utility system.

d. Air Motors: They use compressed air to generate mechanical energy and power various tools
and equipment. These motors are commonly used in industrial applications where electricity may
not be ideal or safe, providing a reliable and efficient alternative for powering machinery.

e. Sandblaster: It uses compressed air to propel fine abrasive particles at high speeds to remove
rust, paint, dirt, and other surface contaminants. Sandblasters are commonly used in various
industries for tasks like surface preparation, cleaning, and restoration of different materials. They
are efficient tools for achieving smooth and clean surfaces in a controlled manner.

f. Vacuum Generator: It uses compressed air to create a vacuum or suction force, which is then
used to pick up and move materials in industrial processes. These generators are essential in
applications like material handling, packaging, and automation where creating a vacuum is
necessary to lift or manipulate objects efficiently.

g. Positive Displacement Compressor: It works by trapping air in a chamber and then reducing
the volume of that chamber to compress the air. This compressed air can then be used to power
various tools and equipment in industrial settings. It's like squeezing a balloon to increase the
pressure inside.

h. Piston Compressors: They use pistons to compress air by moving up and down inside a
cylinder. This compressed air can then be used to power tools and machinery in industries. It's
similar to how a bicycle pump works, but on a larger scale for industrial use.

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Sta. Mesa Manila Philippines
The country’s first polytechnic university
 Polytechnic University of the Philippines
College Of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
Academic Year 2023-2024

i. Twin Screw Compressors: It uses two interlocking screws to compress air continuously. These
compressors are efficient and reliable for industrial applications where a constant supply of
compressed air is needed.

j. Scroll Compressors: They work by using a rotating and orbiting scroll to compress air. This
type of compressor is known for its smooth operation, low noise, and high efficiency, making it
popular in applications where quiet and reliable compressed air is needed.

2. Compressed air system is a central air pump that works like a giant air compressor. This
compressor squeezes air into a smaller space, making it pressurized. This pressurized air is then
stored in tanks and sent through pipes to different areas of the factory where it's needed. It's kind
of like having a supercharged air supply that can be used to operate various tools and machines
efficiently.

3. Compressed air is like the superhero of utilities in industries. It is used to power a variety of
tools and equipment like air cylinders, air motors, and sandblasters. For example, compressed air
can operate pneumatic tools like nail guns, impact wrenches, and paint sprayers. It's versatile,
reliable, and widely used across different industrial applications.

4. Compressed air is the backbone of many tools and equipment in industries. Here are some
common applications powered by compressed air:

o Nail Guns: Used for fastening materials like wood and metal.
o Impact Wrenches: Ideal for loosening or tightening bolts and nuts.
o Paint Sprayers: Perfect for painting large surfaces quickly and evenly.
o Sandblasters: Efficient for removing paint, rust, and contaminants from surfaces.
o Air Cylinders: Utilized in various automation processes for precise movement control.
o Jackhammers: Use compressed air to drive the hammer tool up and down to break
through surfaces.
o Impact Wrenched: Tighten or loosen bolts with pneumatic impact wrenches in just a few
seconds.
o Grinders: Contractors use air-powered grinders to cut, level, and polish different
materials.
o Inflating Tires: Air compressors can quickly inflate forklifts, loaders, scissor lifts, and
other construction vehicle tires.

5. When it comes to engineering utilities, there are several environmental and climate concerns
that need to be addressed to ensure compliance with protection standards. Some key issues
include reducing energy consumption, minimizing emissions, managing waste responsibly,
conserving water resources, and implementing sustainable practices. By focusing on these
aspects, engineering utilities can contribute to environmental protection and climate resilience.

Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Sta. Mesa Manila Philippines
The country’s first polytechnic university