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ST. GODFREY (P.V.T.) SECONDARY SCHOOL

2021 RUMMOURS CENTRE (JCE, MSCE)

AGRICULTURE
DON’T SHARE THIS ONE IT’S FOR MANEB USE ONLY

1. You are provided with five different planting materials P (Cassava stem), Q (Bean
seed), R (Irish potatoes) and S onion.
a) Identify the samples P,Q,R, and S
 P is a cassava stem
 Q is a bean seed
 R is called Irish potato (or European potato)
 S is onion
b) Which of the four planting materials are propagated by a sexual means and
which ones are propagated by sexual means?
I. Asexually propagated are:
 Cassava stem (P)
 European potato (R)
II. Sexually propagated are:
 Bean seed (Q)
 Onion (S)
c) Give any four advantages of propagation by vegetative means
i. Yields are obtained easier and faster than seed propagated plants because
vegetative propagation eliminates the problems of dormancy and reduces the juvenile
period of plants.
ii. Seedless crops such as bananas can be produced easily through vegetative
propagation.
iii. Cross-based plants can be maintained in heterozygous condition indefinitely.
iv. Pollination agents, which can fail to perform successfully, are not required.
v. The hazard of fertilization are avoided
vi. The offspring are true to type because there is no mixture of hereditary
characteristics.
vii. By budding and grafting it is easy to achieve all sorts of combination, e.g.
different varieties of citrus, such as oranges and tangerines can be made to grow on a
single stock.
d) State any one characteristic of a good planting material.
 Should be pure to type

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 e) What are any four advantages of propagation by seed?
i. It is a sure method of crop improvement since cross-pollination results in
variability.
ii. Self-pollination results in offspring, which help in production of pure lines for
certain characters.
iii. It is a cheap method of propagation.
iv. Seed embryo remains more viable than buds when stored.
v. Seeds are more easily transported to different areas
vi. Self-pollination gives rise to offspring, which are like the parents.

f) Draw and label any two parts of the sample P

g) Calculate the plant population per hectare of specimen Q which is planted on a 1

ha land, with ridges spaced 90cm apart, planting two seed per station and planting at 15
cm apart.

2. You are provided with specimen O (onion).

a. Name the specimen O
 Sample O is onion
b. Draw and clearly label any three parts of specimen O

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 c. Name the planting material used for propagating O.
 It is a bulb
d. What are two advantages of propagating using the method mentioned in (C)
above?
i. Pollination agents, which may fail to perform successfully, are not needed.
ii. The offspring are true to type for there is no mixture of hereditary characteristics
e. Mention four types of grafting.
i. Whip or tongue grafting
ii. Cleft grafting
iii. Bark grafting
iv. Approach grafting
v. Notch grafting
vi. Side grafting
f. Give any five reasons for carrying grafting in plants.
i. Helps to propagate clones that cannot be propagated by other means.
ii. Facilitates the changing of the top of the tree from being undesirable to
desirable.
iii. Grafting helps one to obtain special plant forms, e.g. tree roses.
iv. Grafting maybe employed to repair damaged trees.
v. Makes the growing of more than one type of flowers or fruits on one tree or plant
possible.
3. You are provided with specimen x (an onion) and Y (a banana fruit).
a. Name the specimen X.
 X is an onion
b. Draw and label any three external parts that you see on the specimen.

c. i. Take the specimen X you are provided with and cut it with a knife longitudinally.
Draw and label any two internal parts that you see.

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 ii. What type of propagation is common in specimen X?
 Vegetative propagation

iii. Mention any two advantages of the type of propagation you have given
in (ii)
above
 Pollination agents, which may fail to perform successfully, are not
needed. The offspring are true to type for there is no mixture of
hereditary characteristics.
d. i. Name the specimen Y.
 Y is a banana fruit.
ii. Draw and label any two external parts of specimen Y.

iii. Take the specimen Y provided and cut it with a knife or razer blade longitudinally.
Draw and label any two internal parts that you can see.

e. i. What type of propagation is common in specimen Y?

 vegetative propagation
ii. Mention two other plants or crops that can propagate like
specimen Y.

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  pineapple
 sweet potatoes
f. What name is given to asexual reproduction in flowering plants?
 It is called vegetative reproduction

5.You are provided with specimen S(bean seed)

(a)Identify the specimen S

 Bean seeds
(b)Draw the specimen as you see it

(c)On your diagram label four important parts for growth

(d)State any two functions of any one party you have labeled.
Micropyle : as mall hole near hilum
i. It is the place where most of the water is absorbed before
germination
ii.A tiny whole which allows air to pass through for respiration of the
embryo
(e)What is germination?
The process by which seeds begin to develop into new plants
(f)Mentionfourconditionsnecessaryforgerminationtotakeplacedescribe
any two types of germination that you know.
i. Viable seeds
ii. Water/moisture
iii. Oxygen/air
iv. Suitable temperature
(g)Describe the two main types of germination that you know.
i. Hypogeal germination: where cotyledon remain below ground throughout
the stages of the germination. e.g.in maize
Apogeal germination: in which cotyledons are lifted above the first leaves
of the newly emerg 9. You are provided with A (sand soil) and C (loam
soil)
a. identify the two soil samples

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 A=Sandy soil
B=loam soil
b. Which of the three soil samples is good for maize growth and
development?
B
c. mention one method of improving the productivity of A
 By adding organic matter to improve soil structure
d. What are the five characteristic of sample C.?
 Moderately fine-texture
 Moderately well-drained
 Moderately fertile
 Moderately to slightly acidic
 Contain almost equal proportions of clay and sand
e. Draw and label any four parts of a soil profile.

10. Youre provided with the following materials.

 One teas spoon full of sample X (loam soil) and soil sample Y (sand soil)
 2 funnels
 Two 50ml measuring cylinders
 Filter papers
 20ml of water in a separate container
 Two different types of seeds labeled A and B
PROCEDURE
 Put filter paper inside a funnel and place it on top of each 50ml
measuring
cylinder
 Put at able spoon full of soil into each funnel
 Add 20ml of water to each funnel
 Observe the water movement through the soil sample into the cylinder
i. Which soil sample has high water holding capacity?

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  X-loam ii. Give areas on
your answers in 10 (i )
above
 Less water is collected from soil sample in cylinder
 More water is retained in soil sample
 Slow rate of water movement from

soil

iii. Which soil sample is prone to high acidity?

 Y-Sand soil
iv. Explain one reason for your answer in 10 (iii) above
 nutrients leach and they are replaced by hydrogen ions which increases
acidity
11. You are provided with specimens of livestock feeds labeled M (bean
flour/bean meal) and N (elephant grass). Use them to answer questions
that follow.
a. Identify the classes of the livestock feed
 M-concentrate
 N-roughage
b. (i) Which specimen is suitable for ruminants?
 N-roughage/elephant grass
(ii)Give a reason for your answer
 Able to digest cellulose
c. (i) Which group of specimen can be fed to beef cattle three weeks
before slaughtering?
 M-bean flour
(ii)Give areas on for your answer
 Because it is rich in proteins and used for body building muscles
/fresh/meat
d. State three reasons for feeding livestock with specimens
 For maintenance of their bodies
 For production
 For production of products such as, eggs and milk

TO BE CONTINUED ………….

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