NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

MA2002 Calculus Tutorial 1

Tutorial Part I

This part will be discussed during the tutorial session. Partial solution of selected ques-
tions (indicated by ♦ ) from this part will be provided later to demonstrate proper pre-
sentation of solution.

1
1. For the functions f (x) = 1 − x3 and g(x) = , find the functions
x
(i) ♦ f ◦ g, (ii) g ◦ f , (iii) ♦ f ◦ f , (iv) g ◦ g,
and their domains.

2 √
2. For f (x) = , g(x) = cos x and h(x) = x + 3, find f ◦ g ◦ h.
x+1

3. For each of the following functions, determine whether it is even, odd, or neither.
(a) ♦ f (x) = x−3 , (b) f (x) = |sin x| − 4x2 , (c) ♦ f (x) = 3x3 + 2x2 + 1.

4. For each of the following, evaluate the limit, if it exists.

u4 − 1 x−1
(a) lim (x + 3)2023 , (b) lim 3 , (c) lim √ ,
x→−4 u→1 u − 1 x→1 x+3−2
√
x2 − 4x x2 − 4x 1+h−1
(d) ♦ lim , (e) ♦
lim , ♦
(f) lim ,
x→4 x2 − 3x − 4 x→−1 x2 − 3x − 4 h→0 h
√
♦
√ x − x2
(g) lim+ x sin(1/x), (h) lim √ .
x→0 x→1 1 − x

5. Determine the following infinite limits.

6 x−1 x+1
(a) ♦ lim− , (b) ♦ lim 2 , (c) ♦
lim− csc x, (d) lim+ .
x→5 x − 5 x→0 x (x + 2) x→π x→1 x sin πx

6. Is there a real number a such that

ax2 + a2 x − 2
lim
x→1 x3 − 3x + 2

exists? If so, find the value of a and the value of the limit.

1
 MA2002 CALCULUS TUTORIAL 1 2

7. Let !
x2 , if x is rational,
f (x) =
0, if x is irrational.
Prove that lim f (x) = 0.
x→0

Tutorial Part II

This part consists of relatively difficult questions to promote independent learning and
inculcate critical thinking abilities. The questions will not be discussed during the tutorial
session. You may attempt them after you have gained a good understanding of the
questions in Part I. The complete solution of this part will be provided later.

1. If f0 (x) = x2 and fn (x) = f0 (fn−1 (x)) for n = 1, 2, . . . , find a formula for fn (x),
n = 1, 2, . . . .

2. Evaluate the limit " " ##

2 2 2π
lim (x − 1) 4 + cos .
x→1 x−1

3. Give examples of functions f and g such that lim f (x)g(x) exists even though neither
x→a
lim f (x) nor lim g(x) exists.
x→a x→a

4. The figure below shows a fixed circle C1 with equation (x−1)2 +y 2 = 1 and a shrinking
circle C2 with radius r and center the origin. Suppose that P is the point (0, r), Q is
the upper point of intersection of the two circles, and R is the point of intersection of
the line P Q and the x-axis. What happens to R as C2 shrinks, that is, as r → 0+ ?

y
P
Q
C2

x
O R

C1
 MA2002 CALCULUS TUTORIAL 1 3

Answers to Part I:
1 1
1. (i) 1 − , domain = R \ {0}, (ii) , domain = R \ {1},
x3 1 − x3
(iii) 1 − (1 − x3 )3 , domain = R, (iv) x, domain = R \ {0}.
2
2. √ .
cos( x + 3) + 1
3. (a) odd, (b) even, (c) neither.

Of (b) 4/3,
4. (a) 1, (c) 4, (d) 4/5, (e) does not exist, (f) 1/2, (g) 0,
(h) 3.

5. (a) −∞, (b) −∞, (c) ∞, (d) −∞.

6. yes, −2, −2/3.

 (i) fog f(g(x f(x)
= = =
1 ( =
1
-

=
doman= 12790]

:
got 91A1 g(1x)= ** =
=
=

I x to , x *, Xt ,
domain =
/R2[1]
iii) fof f(f(x)) f(x)
= = =
1 11-
-

xY
domain /R =

gig( g(t)
X
in
=

gay
=
= =

I
domain /R\[0}
x+
:

2 .

frgoh= flg(h(x))1= fly(+3) =

flcos) =

/
3aft-x = ( xT= -
x = f(x) ,
odd 1

b)f(x) /sinx-44x= fix)

=
,
even
o f(x) 3 x72x++ f(x)
=
-

/
neither
-
↑ fly) -

4afm4 /x+3202272 - -

↳ ! lim (U+)(uEUt1
=

ut1
=

=
= +2
= ( )
=
d)
me lim
4)/x+1)
=

x 4(x
-

-
+
-

of my I : DNE

f)im
.

= -= I I

9t sin(X) . - Sn

: - n = 0
-

h) n =

(m) im =

= ↑.

CHI = 3
=

sat-5=-D
·

lim I
b)
D
- 2 xx2
-
=

2)
=

-
+
-

2) Im say y
=

d)
In Ex
siny-

6m - In -
Kim a z
>

If limit exists , axtciy-2 must have factor /x-)

if at axcixt= x7x-2 isnot factor of 1x-112
,

=>
at Gi2Fo , a =
/or a=-2 .

if act axtaxt=->(x-12 it satisfies

,
...
,

limit= +2)
=
-

I : G=-2 ,
.
limit-->
I
 7.
0xfMX GO ,
X

:
4pf = 0

PARTIE
H folx = x2 , filx) folfo(x)) fo(xY
=
=
=
xY =
x
2

fol for,) fo(xY)

= = =
x
= x
4

f3Ix =

fo(fzx) fo(x% x28 = =

By guessing fulx) x22

2"*
=
=
x

fa x2 folfa-lx)) /X24= x
**
=
,
=

falx)
*
: full=
x2
=

2) Im /R14+1s1) = 4, )
= (A) ,
AttEx , t to

s) 04 CoS)4

first tIt
: -0x

first) M /x)214+ cs) = =

0 :
3 .
Let fI= siiy) gIN=anlx) :

If = DNE

↳91= sin(Y= DNE

IfAgN== 1 <

47 :

Equation of (1 :
x*
y 22x =0

Equation of 1s xi
:

" =
w
>

[xxy2e2y2 2x=0 -2
-

= 2X5Yx = I
-24-r2)
yEr =-

↳y
=Err
I
:
(E)
Equation of PR y-r=
:

r x ex tw
y
,
=
I

whenyto
r -3 -2
x
,

arr-
=

42 -
4 -2 2 -

:
RL) , 23
=In t
2+54 4 R will 14 01 when of
:
approach point re
= =
.