1. ! Carboxylic Adels NS Tupng nome: Alkonotc ada Repavastion: From alkenes : nlkencs ——> Adds Reagent : kendy [HY K 305.09 /-H ° ° pec =cry—r! Eh red-on + R'-E-on Fong, oly * Alkyvies ——> adds R= cee! ae g-leonr ge fon Aleynes vrclerg? oronolysts 40 give acielo ) Ob '25, R-coOH + ROH R-CECR H.02/0H7 fy oudosion. of meses s—5 452) KMmOy / OFT , Reage 4 Ry O3/ Ht a “ON atl HIND: eH, . OH venns ain awee ce a, OH” L z : id " Uy coolt . ks0%50. ols), : ET ebpibhi Wotn0d 5 Alo EOE oo i HOM 09" gloMler R00 RHE ONL ports , Aldehyss * Fo} —> cavbouyife acids reagents ' Folen'ds rea.gpnt! ow lA ud # yy * Jenting reaction ng Beredict gtr scio Shi wo HINO wodroo pro jo ‘Scanned with CamScanner_—_--—-— te.lll””~”~”~~C~C~™ wt Naor HH CHy CCH —ao CHTy+ CHS wo! (0.|| om ester + R- Eon! a0 > e-Lon + eon us |] Rone artqrare reagent: Rmigx+ x ti2y g-woH mech 5 oO” ' 6 Rigx+ *¢ —> ® é omax te8 p-tou ate Ht RMgx+ +6 mq, i Chemical. properties eo =7|| Reaction on involving cleavage of OcH band. Re owat tH. R- Somat: H.0 eeowat HO ° ge b-ova + H+ 2 A || Reaction Anvalving seat 2° op 070 bona: Pury 39-C-a+ HPO |_fus> efiat Pods }Poouss } [eos p Ria ose (Rystatys, Yt [ co» rf -ureoit He : gon —f Ayre Ro End FO054 HE prodnays) ’ ae Wg . Leow, R- Chor’ + +10 te walhot og sun y Saeeeanon Restart wt @retboasl NY Slt: bad iat Lins, glen 9) 8 veto hae Amide éhiog yeaa 3 so 9. || orn methyl Ketones: = 3 Scanned with CamScanner *Ez —=—_ +a Dehyctration : Reggent. Ro 012% % ct-€ “ont f by Ros , Cs Cn cH Cae CHycmOH Ho CHG 8 f 6 Add anhydride ° A Reaction snvolumg -2~ Group : ng Ga SEY, Corbouylte acted —> Atonol efor >. R4cH,OH Roget’: vou, | Bate THE Hy / Re { | Coem.04 /H, i CuO - C03) “Hy, 7 6 : @ eteon HAs R-cH-oH p-at,f-0n cone Roce cH- OH i A Reaction dnvolving aa group: - 7 | ; P : o. Decarbonylation : : 9 Reagent: Cao NaOH | ° 4 be , 2-t-ona NOt, eH . E i] ao : | 803005, When +00! caroouylie acid groups attached +0 Same corer Aecorbouytation takes, plac om, Stynplt heating OH fet op Reon A Rn, woH A > @OH + GD > ly | ' Coles: gp-feto acidls on heating 4m pressila® of omne:i,s04 +0 Fon Ha Bog j > acids alin La. rine, 99° RH —E-on Gone 80, Q- copy “ oan bm 4 Scanned with CamScannernse: B.peto actds decarbouylation takes placr eastly +0 give krons Ra fh 3 R-cw,~f-cn,-| C-0H —2—> Ric, -e- Hy Siclechain veachons : Aliphatic carooylic adds containing odteast one at- hydroge> Yeats vith Bre ch but not T, ond F, tue sone mond. ol- halo acids | ot the presence of ved phosphorous +0 gi Note: is Yeaction ges only alfphatte adel having hydrogen: Bomine veacts _pmoorhly shan Alovive.. a HVE Yeaction? Cret— vothard -: 2elensky] Red'P city font + Xe he —WoH nba d-halo covbowylte. adds Hs i Qi) R- ta-é- Bou spon, Othe Q-b ee oH a : Hs © OH eb? de 20H sa Noveadion i : ¢ Hy . I Y ws "3 2 ot eT ait e ail ea ts eee err BedP RocH al -OH ! ‘ ¢ | Amat x, Ceonet, sear eachon , this reaction 15 9 used 40 prepare, homologous seves of carbone acide A Reagent cod, / cv. folowed by Wd / oe 3 >. * > Ro L { edo ———>_ RH EH ey ts tog! Ol pecu,— Eon ome Rear ~EnPRn, § RecH,- C-OH OHI Aq,0 . f- t ‘ , q oO gt BN Tail ca. C-0H Ce ; WH./ 49,0 - Is Scanned with CamScanneran Q@: ys a 7 ae u—bow > N > op Fant ching Sdemict seaction: Acicls ——» Amines coon R-wAL Reagent: nt / Cone Hs80 Hydiaacte adtd t R-C-on Ss#_ 5 pon, +H,50, — Ret DH, | Ph- CH= CH c-oH Sat, Ph-cH=CH- AGH, 1 Here one carbon (os product fs formed. -9. MuHiple bond present tw aciol ave uneffectect Action of heat. on Oe, Be 58 hychony acto! aciole = | &-hychoxy actds —2 5. Lactidles & PrRychory acids —2 > og linsaturabed otis’ | 8- hydroxy acids >, ion mas lo. 48 Oca doy 2, o8 so Ky ys i “ aa i a a ; OHH 9 , | & een cr Eon a, R-cH= cat OH | poe ne Reckaction + Vebvog ? Ho" Oplenag O-3— yy 9 Scanned with CamScanner "2 12Onidlation 5 an eet oi dation of caybonylic actds at alkyl groups Hi0, — B- poston cH, > a ( Sed, of positon CH, a Note: . By using +0, alk It iL group at p-positi Si weaetet qr s ye qroup prposition 15 oxtdtoed Homes, +0 ei using Se, aleyt group a a postifon fs oridtocd from cx, to EX group. . oH 2 y ¢ 4 2 cheat cH, Bon ES cH OH Or e-On . 3 Q Clg" CH. CHa C-OH 28285 ory cn f Eon Aonormad behauiogr of forte acid ae . ner O°, 13 ada Bondlngthe : cH bond bia? , si ” 76 -bonel © yeaza® ow bond 2 OVATE J rein ot } Formic acid 6how obrormat Behowtour In -followlng seattion . Formic acid behoved ob O reducing agent ancl. reduce tollen's amel fening Gotutton, but other, oltds’ ave Jailed, 40, veduee 7 fg,0 9 Cot Ha * A 5 Hoenn * 19" otlyer mirror srollen's : 4- OH + 2OL0 scone 10104 Teniing? Red ppt) Reaction with nad + meranfte acd Chey “H-WOH + gd Hp + HG ct: ‘ ‘ onerous uot de Bodine cotalys: ec epoxidation * ‘ LL Cavbouylien o4tHe, wnsatusilon ot 3,8"0°8 seven tn gent Fam BIEL 2D 56 Oy. 10 WA BidDts pln woh pode thin a4) MO) 4 4 Scanned with camscannerReogert « - T./NaHco, / oH : 4 3 1, [190005] oH pan t & 2 oH CH CH Ht I CH CHECH = cr CH, — OTOH peat > CH vy) ao ; ° ° cai (i= C=O oH Cr 1, Jwotttoy/oHe cosy Applications of stlechatn reactions + Soak of een, Tene fone Cy Oh ex -coOH % ako P ee-aming actds CHy-CH, — CH = COOH cat cH, CH — POH, ; ou Ale: Ko / CHy=—CH= U4 -WOoH i Kea eye tH -@O0H Yad _ WOH OCH Cy Oh CH yy Oms_ Gop + — Wok (oon wort +1) eet COOH oon Ww 1 a Coot cot CH{— COOH Sa coon Oxalte acta molonte oud). .p , Suectnte afd Guatomte od @, CH HCH COOH” WOH)? CH,~ CH ~ COOH oH “ ; Adtpic acid hatte acd eet var a _ Terpihate ad Bn Aicidte strength of eens adds : e ° Ron Se ee ar als 5 Hoo «i Crcoo I 4) but ; [ReooH) PIE vostro Acidte Gtrength o Ko ae Addie onenath ’ *» vals oubaaiy - Adkdte drength % Cone OFC el pddte otrengit & Srobillly of aba oon } Scanned with CamScannerA Poe 22 R-Sg RHCS REE Lo 2 So ~o coe! a7 R fo eG : | al oe Hee corbouytale fon stobetltecd by 04 Acldte strength « 0G coset: gf R fo ERG R= om oe | Here, corbowy Late Ton f6 elestabitiod ly ERG thot, oe ‘Addtc obeng ERG: Addie strength oof i~T. groups Aso — TI power Aow Hoo ore 2 og ot - bet 1 +1 power Fae of alkyl qroup” Q cHy-cooH > GE woH > Sih WOH! , Ca ten chs Addie strength Electro Mager Ack te Ctrength of no .0f7N group OH > CHa" 00H oe Cy COOH > Gra-tooHt > Haz 4 as Br 2 4 . . ad eyes Actdte meat &% of 6-thovor) wy Pothoracter |. WOH, cn,-tooHl cA wou ca, -wooH pe A ; 7 : i to, » by o£ thd) pl ntiiom —— 1002> CN > 603 gH > FS > pun2rd ome. CHect of postion a Gubsittuent: EST PR Ch As the dtotanc between dubstttuint| and’-cooHt Increases the -T plecreoses and #iMectaaes acidfty decreases Ww Scanned with CamScanner~Acidic Strength of onovnatte corbouytte adds we TA err Cosedo. roy —r soups q Ht ~oH beon &-0F} SS hg J Stabilised — mt i Benrofe acid by Ret stobtised erat teed by ARETE Gray, by 04 Tops u =R 5 mon —2 max Lt i min ~e mio Ower: P>O>M oa : Note! — Actually o-fsomer . fp; mow -acielfe onengit aa pore but clue 40 Orit effect and Intramoleutor “H-boneltng Strength Of D-fsomey Aecreases Han Prfsomer an... 9) wn Cased * +R or eT groups . .Y oar ot ca Chay ~ oS bensote oefol destabi Lised ” ‘dlestobilicd = CH307 * re by te 4 bE AesinbtUoed by TRE FOP an formar? “8 < Hoos HR omar, AP ty amtwo +R fo min HO. spelt » Oder > m>Px6 DIS wg A+S of mo-of resonating oh » Structure Adidte _Shrenqit 9 of phenol Hot 5 » Coeds: —~Ron-T poups ‘ ea avose 1s 9 Ng yONI-S Lo vk, pradtd shiA a , . CI Choe. wD, ; ; i : Stabtlioed by — Gabiltsed 4, W0,_ 1 2 groups Prentl eaP mo by -E stabtltsed! bye & @ —? FT ween Rilo mm + Rito =I ts min oe ou ‘hrostted ue {9 woly bo bol coe. 0hep $1039 Men LOD Ted rensvtad ore okt : oun ONE Ho LoVe bom Scanned with CamScanner\cagego® tROP+T groups OH On oH “OW a co” Oy G : i, ben? Phenol clestatsitsed — plestabiitoed CH ‘ by tReet by ea dleotabiliced by +84 | ! +T fo mar 4. osu? +R fo min , ER 15 MOL oH etfs min ees Col > M>Ps0, " 0 A-5 & mo-of, Tesovating structure: Ee || Order of of gctelthy * fromatie add > Aromatic Pree > Alfphotte: NO, 27dvird @ . + 1) 4 ” oH 4 | 4 en son eee Scanned with CamScanner