Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Internet of Things Smart Factories Ecosystem Based on SDN

    Uploaded by

    Rafia Shahbaz
    1 views7 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    1 views7 pages

    Internet of Things Smart Factories Ecosystem Based on SDN

    Uploaded by

    Rafia Shahbaz

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

            

    
            
     Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
    
    
    
    
    ScienceDirect
    &DA576;3A?BGF7D)5;7@57  N 
    III7>E7H;7D5A? >A53F7 BDA576;3
    &DA576;3A?BGF7D)5;7@57   N 
     Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729
    III7>E7H;7D5A? >A53F7 BDA576;3
     *:7 @6@F7D@3F;A@3>-AD=E:ABA@?7D9;@9$7FIAD=E3@6A??G@;53F;A@E
    -$G9GEF  "7GH7@7>9;G?
    *:7 @6@F7D@3F;A@3>-AD=E:ABA@?7D9;@9$7FIAD=E3@6A??G@;53F;A@E
    -$G9GEF  "7GH7@7>9;G?
    @F7D@7FA8*:;@9E)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?43E76A@)$
    @F7D@7FA8*:;@9E)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?43E76A@)$
    3?L30#($ 3
    ;?3@$3;F44AG3/AGEE784467DD3:;?)3
    3?L30#($
    #
    "3
    ;?3@$3;F44AG3/AGEE78
    "#/)"--"%*"$)//,/'&.(*.&&2*.(! 4
    467DD3:;?)3
    "#"4/22/$/
    ,"#
    " *()$)//,/' &$)./,/(8*%*&../52!,"%*%"/22/$/
    "#/)"--"%*"$)//,/'&.(*.&&2*.(! "#"4/22/$/
     #
    ,"# *()$)//,/' &$)./,/(8*%*&../52!,"%*%"/22/$/
    
    "#!#
    "#!#
    *:7E?3DF5;F;7EFA63K@7I367H7>AB?7@FA83>3D97@G?47DA8E75FADEA835F;H;F;7EF:;E?3=734;95AEKEF7?F:3F5A@@75F3 >AF
    A8A*5AEKEF7?E;@3@;@F7DAB7D34>7I3K@AGDIAD=I78A5GE76A@F:7>3EF97@7D3F;A@A8@6GEFDKEB75;8;53>>KF:7A*)?3DF
    *:7E?3DF5;F;7EFA63K@7I367H7>AB?7@FA83>3D97@G?47DA8E75FADEA835F;H;F;7EF:;E?3=734;95AEKEF7?F:3F5A@@75F3 >AF
    35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?F:3F;E43E76A@F:76;9;F3>;E3F;A@A83>>F:7;@6GEFD;3>BDA57EE7EGE;@9E7@EADEFA5A>>75FF:7;@8AD?3F;A@
    A8A*5AEKEF7?E;@3@;@F7DAB7D34>7I3K@AGDIAD=I78A5GE76A@F:7>3EF97@7D3F;A@A8@6GEFDKEB75;8;53>>KF:7A*)?3DF
    @7FIAD=F75:@A>A9KFAE7@6F:75A>>75F76;@8AD?3F;A@FAF:7D;9:FE7DH7D;@F:7@F7D@7F8AD675;E;A@?3=;@93@635FG3FADEF:3F
    35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?F:3F;E43E76A@F:76;9;F3>;E3F;A@A83>>F:7;@6GEFD;3>BDA57EE7EGE;@9E7@EADEFA5A>>75FF:7;@8AD?3F;A@
    D735F355AD6;@9FA@776FA?3=7I:3F;E53>>76F:7E?3DFBDA6G5F*A;?BDAH7F:75A??G@;53F;A@;@E;67F:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E
    @7FIAD=F75:@A>A9KFAE7@6F:75A>>75F76;@8AD?3F;A@FAF:7D;9:FE7DH7D;@F:7@F7D@7F8AD675;E;A@?3=;@93@635FG3FADEF:3F
    5AEKEF7?I7;@F79D3F76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7*75:@A>A9KFA53?AGFI;F:3@7I3D5:;F75FGD753>>76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7@F7D@7F
    D735F355AD6;@9FA@776FA?3=7I:3F;E53>>76F:7E?3DFBDA6G5F*A;?BDAH7F:75A??G@;53F;A@;@E;67F:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E
    A8*:;@9)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?
    5AEKEF7?I7;@F79D3F76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7*75:@A>A9KFA53?AGFI;F:3@7I3D5:;F75FGD753>>76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7@F7D@7F
     A8*:;@9)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?
     M *:7GF:ADE&G4>;E:764K>E7H;7D,
    © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
    *:;E;E3@AB7@3557EE3DF;5>7G@67DF:7/$$>;57@E7:FFB
    This is *:7GF:ADE&G4>;E:764K>E7H;7D,
    M 5D73F;H75A??A@EAD9 >;57@E7E 4K@5@6  
    an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
    &77DD7H;7IG@67DD7EBA@E;4;>;FKA8F:7A@87D7@57&DA9D3?:3;DE
    Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chair.
    *:;E;E3@AB7@3557EE3DF;5>7G@67DF:7/$$>;57@E7:FFB 5D73F;H75A??A@EAD9 >;57@E7E 4K@5@6  
    &77DD7H;7IG@67DD7EBA@E;4;>;FKA8F:7A@87D7@57&DA9D3?:3;DE
    &87/2%3 )?3DF;F;7E@F7D@7FA8*:;@9EA*)A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@9)$@6GEFDK BB>;53F;A@&DA9D3??;@9@F7D8357&
    
    &87/2%3)?3DF;F;7E@F7D@7FA8*:;@9EA*)A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@9)$@6GEFDK BB>;53F;A@&DA9D3??;@9@F7D8357&
      #! $# 
     )A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@91
    #! $#  2;E3@7I@7FIAD=F75:@A>A9KF:3FF3=7F:75A@FDA>8G@5F;A@BD7E7@F;@F:7@7FIAD=
    ;@8D3EFDG5FGD73@657@FD3>;E76;@3E;@9>75A@FDA>>7DF:;E)$5A@FDA>>7D1 27JFD35F8DA?F:73BB>;53F;A@EF:7@7FIAD=
    )A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@91 2;E3@7I@7FIAD=F75:@A>A9KF:3FF3=7F:75A@FDA>8G@5F;A@BD7E7@F;@F:7@7FIAD=
    BA>;5;7E5A@H7DFF:7?;@FA@7FIAD=;@EFDG5F;A@3@6;@<75FF:7?6;D75F>KA@F:7@7FIAD=7CG;B?7@FF:GEF:7@7FIAD=
    ;@8D3EFDG5FGD73@657@FD3>;E76;@3E;@9>75A@FDA>>7DF:;E)$5A@FDA>>7D1 27JFD35F8DA?F:73BB>;53F;A@EF:7@7FIAD=
    ;@8D3EFDG5FGD7;ED7EBA@E;4>7A@>KA8F:763F3FD3@E87D>73H;@9F:7675;E;A@?3=;@9FAF:7)$5A@FDA>>7D*:7)$
    BA>;5;7E5A@H7DFF:7?;@FA@7FIAD=;@EFDG5F;A@3@6;@<75FF:7?6;D75F>KA@F:7@7FIAD=7CG;B?7@FF:GEF:7@7FIAD=
    5A@FDA>>7DF3=736H3@F397A8F:7A8F:757@FD3>;L765A@FDA>A863F33@6F:79>A43>H;7IA8F:7@7FIAD=FAE7@6F:7
    ;@8D3EFDG5FGD7;ED7EBA@E;4>7A@>KA8F:763F3FD3@E87D>73H;@9F:7675;E;A@?3=;@9FAF:7)$5A@FDA>>7D*:7)$
    ;@8AD?3F;A@I;F:F:73BBDABD;3F7CG3>;FKA8E7DH;57GE;@9F:7FD388;57@9;@77D;@9
    5A@FDA>>7DF3=736H3@F397A8F:7A8F:757@FD3>;L765A@FDA>A863F33@6F:79>A43>H;7IA8F:7@7FIAD=FAE7@6F:7
    @F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2;E3@7I@7FIAD=B3D36;9?F:3FGE7E7@E;@9G@;FEFA5A>>75F7@H;DA@?7@F3>;@8AD?3F;A@>;=7
    ;@8AD?3F;A@I;F:F:73BBDABD;3F7CG3>;FKA8E7DH;57GE;@9F:7FD388;57@9;@77D;@9
    ?AH7?7@F>;9:F:G?;6;FK7F53@6E7@6;FGE;@93@7FIAD=F75:@A>A9K>;=70;9771 2-;#3J12$4A*123@6
    @F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2;E3@7I@7FIAD=B3D36;9?F:3FGE7E7@E;@9G@;FEFA5A>>75F7@H;DA@?7@F3>;@8AD?3F;A@>;=7
    AF:7DEFAF:793F7I3KF:3FE7@6F:7?FAF:7D;9:FE7DH7D>A53F76;@F:7@F7D@7F8AD675;E;A@?3=;@9F:7@F7D@7FA8
    ?AH7?7@F>;9:F:G?;6;FK7F53@6E7@6;FGE;@93@7FIAD=F75:@A>A9K>;=70;9771 2-;#3J12$4A*123@6
    *:;@9E1 253@4G;>63@6ABF;?;E7?3@KE75FADEA835F;H;FKI753@8;@6F:7A*:73>F:5AEKEF7?121212F:7A*
    AF:7DEFAF:793F7I3KF:3FE7@6F:7?FAF:7D;9:FE7DH7D>A53F76;@F:7@F7D@7F8AD675;E;A@?3=;@9F:7@F7D@7FA8
    @F7>>;97@F*D3@EBADF3F;A@5AEKEF7?12F:7A*)?3DFA?75AEKEF7?1 21 23@6AF:7DE
    *:;@9E1 253@4G;>63@6ABF;?;E7?3@KE75FADEA835F;H;FKI753@8;@6F:7A*:73>F:5AEKEF7?121212F:7A*
    @AGDIAD=I78A5GE76A@F:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?1 2F:3F;?BDAH7EF:7FD36;F;A@3>835FAD;7E4KF:7
    @F7>>;97@F*D3@EBADF3F;A@5AEKEF7?12F:7A*)?3DFA?75AEKEF7?1 21 23@6AF:7DE
    7JFD7?76;9;F3>;E3F;A@A8;@6GEFD;3>BDA57EE7EGE;@9E7@EADF:3F5A>>75FF:7;@6GEFD;3>;@8AD?3F;A@E7@6;FFAF:7@F7D@7F
    @AGDIAD=I78A5GE76A@F:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?1 2F:3F;?BDAH7EF:7FD36;F;A@3>835FAD;7E4KF:7
     7JFD7?76;9;F3>;E3F;A@A8;@6GEFD;3>BDA57EE7EGE;@9E7@EADF:3F5A>>75FF:7;@6GEFD;3>;@8AD?3F;A@E7@6;FFAF:7@F7D@7F
    
     ADD7EBA@6;@93GF:AD*7>   
    
    -"*,"%%2&33L7?D3@7:3?L3 9?3;>5A?
    
    ADD7EBA@6;@93GF:AD*7>   
    
    -"*,"%%2&33L7?D3@7:3?L3 9?3;>5A?
      M *:7GF:ADE&G4>;E:764K>E7H;7D,
     *:;E;E3@AB7@3557EE3DF;5>7G@67DF:7/$$>;57@E7:FFB 5D73F;H75A??A@EAD9 >;57@E7E 4K@5@6  
      M *:7GF:ADE&G4>;E:764K>E7H;7D,
    &77DD7H;7IG@67DD7EBA@E;4;>;FKA8F:7A@87D7@57&DA9D3?:3;DE
    *:;E;E3@AB7@3557EE3DF;5>7G@67DF:7/$$>;57@E7:FFB 5D73F;H75A??A@EAD9 >;57@E7E 4K@5@6  
    1877-0509 © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
    &77DD7H;7IG@67DD7EBA@E;4;>;FKA8F:7A@87D7@57&DA9D3?:3;DE
    This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
    Peer-review under responsibility of the Conference Program Chairs.
    10.1016/j.procs.2020.07.107
     724 Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729
     54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9

    FA35F;H3F7F:7D;9:F35FG3FAD*AABF;?;E7F:75A??G@;53F;A@A8F:7;@6GEFD;3>;@8AD?3F;A@;@E;67F:7A*)?3DF35FADK
    I;F:39G3D3@FKA8CG3>;FKA8E7DH;57I7;@F79D3F76F:7)A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@9F75:@A>A9KFA53?7AGFI;F:3
    @7I@7FIAD=3D5:;F75FGD753>>76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?
    
      #%! #% ! 
    )$1 2;E3@7IB3D36;9?F:3F67E5D;47E3@7FIAD=3D5:;F75FGD7I:AE75A@FDA>B>3@7;E5A?B>7F7>K675AGB>768DA?
    63F3B>3@755AD6;@9FAF:7%$%B7@$7FIAD=AG@63F;A@)$;E3@3D5:;F75FGD7I:;5:E7B3D3F7EF:75A@FDA>
    B>3@78DA?F:763F3B>3@73@657@FD3>;L7E3>>F:7@7FIAD=;@F7>>;97@57;@3BDA9D3??34>77@F;FK53>>76PA@FDA>>7DP;@
    AD67DFA?3@397E7H7D3>7>7?7@FEA8F:763F3B>3@JEI;F5:7EADDAGF7DE7F5H;3&EBB>;53F;A@&DA9D3??;@9
    @F7D8357#AD75A@5D7F7>KI753@E3KF:3F3@7FIAD=3D5:;F75FGD78A>>AIEF:7)$B3D36;9?;83@6A@>K;8;FH7D;8;7E
    F:78A>>AI;@9BA;@FE
    
     *:75A@FDA>B>3@7;E5A?B>7F7>K675AGB>768DA?F:763F3B>3@7F:;EE7B3D3F;A@;E?3F7D;3>;L76F:DAG9:F:7
    678;@;F;A@A83BDA9D3??;@9;@F7D8357)AGF:4AG@6&
     >>@7FIAD=;@F7>>;97@57;EAGFEAGD576FA3>A9;53>>K57@FD3>;L76BA;@F53>>763@)$5A@FDA>>7D1 2I:;5:
    BDAH;67E39>A43>H;7IA8F:77@F;D7B:KE;53>;@8D3EFDG5FGD7
     *:7)$5A@FDA>>7D;E3BDA9D3??34>75A?BA@7@FF:3F7JBAE7E3@&$ADF:4AG@6&FAEB75;8K5A@FDA>
    3BB>;53F;A@E
    
     "2$)*4&$452&
    FD36;F;A@3>@7FIAD=;E97@7D3>>K?367GBA8;@F7D5A@@75F;A@7CG;B?7@FEG5:3EEI;F5:7E3@6DAGF7DE*:;E7CG;B
    ?7@F;@5ADBAD3F7E4AF:F:7FD3@E?;EE;A@B3DF3@6F:7@7FIAD=5A@FDA>B3DF@F:;E3D5:;F75FGD3>?A67>;F;E6;88;5G>FFA
    67H7>AB@7IE7DH;57E6G7FAF:7EFDA@9>;@=47FI77@F:75A@FDA>B>3@3@6F:7FD3@E?;EE;A@B>3@@AD67DFAAB7@GB
    @7FIAD=7CG;B?7@FFA;@@AH3F;A@EF:7)$3D5:;F75FGD71 2I3E5D73F76F?3=7E;FBAEE;4>7FA675AGB>7F:75A@FDA>
    B3DF8DA?F:7FD3@E?;EE;A@B3DFA8F:7;@F7D5A@@75F;A@7CG;B?7@F*:7)$;E?3;@>K5A?BAE76A8F:D77>3K7DE3@6
    5A??G@;53F;A@;@F7D8357EI767E5D;4747>AIF:7E7>3K7DE3EI7>>3EF:75A??G@;53F;A@;@F7D8357E
    
     *:7FD3@E?;EE;A@>3K7D3>EA53>>76P63F3B>3@7P;F;E?367GBA8DAGF;@97CG;B?7@FEG5:3EEI;F5:7EADDAGF7DE
    ;FE?3;@DA>7;EFAFD3@E?;F63F33@65A>>75FEF3F;EF;5E
     *:75A@FDA>>3K7D3>EA53>>76P5A@FDA>B>3@7P;F5A@E;EFE?3;@>KA8A@7AD?AD7)$5A@FDA>>7DE;FEDA>7;EFA
    5A@FDA>3@6?3@397F:7;@8D3EFDG5FGD77CG;B?7@FF:DAG9:3@;@F7D835753>>76REAGF:4AG@6&R
     *:73BB>;53F;A@>3K7DD7BD7E7@FEF:73BB>;53F;A@EI:;5:?3=7;FBAEE;4>7FA67B>AK@7I@7FIAD=8G@5F;A@3>;F;7E
    EG5:3EFD388;57@9;@77D;@9'A)E75GD;FK7F5*:7E73BB>;53F;A@E3D74G;>FGE;@93BDA9D3??;@9;@F7D835753>>76
    Q@ADF:4AG@6&R
    

    
    ;9 *:7)A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=#A67>
     Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729 725
    54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9 

      /--5.*$"4*/.*.4&2'"$&3
    
    *:7D73D7?3;@>KF:D77FKB7EA8;@F7D8357E3>>AI;@95A@FDA>>7DEFA5A??G@;53F7I;F:F:7;D7@H;DA@?7@F)AGF:
    $ADF:3@63EF -7EF;@F7D8357
    
     )AGF:4AG@6;@F7D8357E*:7)AGF:;@F7D8357E)AGF:4AG@6&ED7BD7E7@FF:75A??G@;53F;A@;@F7D8357EI:;5:
    3>>AIF:7)$5A@FDA>>7D1 2FA;@F7D35FI;F:F:77CG;B?7@FA8F:7;@8D3EFDG5FGD7>3K7DEG5:3EEI;F5:7E3@6
    DAGF7DE*:7?AEFGE76BDAFA5A>3@6F:7?AEF67B>AK763E)AGF:;@F7D8357;EF:7%B7@>AIBDAFA5A>1 2I:;5:
    :3E477@EF3@63D6;L764KF:7%$;FE>3F7EFH7DE;A@;E ?AD767F3;>EA@F:;EBDAFA5A>I;>>479;H7@;@F:7@7JF
    E75F;A@*:7D73D7@AIAF:7D)AGF:;@F7D83573>F7D@3F;H7EEG5:3EAD7EAD%B7@H)I;F5:3F343E7%,)
    4GFF:7AB7@8>AIBDAFA5A>1 2;E5GDD7@F>KF:767835FAEF3@63D6I:;5:;EI;67>K3557BF763@6I;67EBD736;@
    )$@7FIAD=E
     $ADF:4AG@6;@F7D8357E*:7$ADF:;@F7D8357E3D7GE76FABDA9D3?F:7FD3@E?;EE;A@7CG;B?7@FGE;@9F:7@7F
    IAD=34EFD35F;A@BDAH;6764KF:75A@FDA>B>3@7F;E@AF76F:3FG@>;=7F:7)AGF:4AG@6&I:;5::3E477@
    EF3@63D6;L76F:7@ADF:;@F7D8357;EEF;>>3@AB7@CG7EF;A@>F:AG9:F:7@7768ADEG5:3EF3@63D6;L76;@F7D8357;E
    35A@E;67D34>76743F7I;F:;@F:7;@6GEFDKF:736H3@F397A83@AB7@@ADF:&;E3>EA;?BADF3@F3@AB7@@ADF:
    &3>>AIE?AD7;@@AH3F;A@3@67JB7D;?7@F3F;A@)7H7D3>;?B>7?7@F3F;A@EA8F:;E;@F7D83577J;EF735:A@7A8
    F:7E7;?B>7?7@F3F;A@EA887DEH7DK6;887D7@F8G@5F;A@3>;F;7E()*8G>5A@E;67D76F:7?AEF5A??A@$ADF:&
    ;@)$@7FIAD=E
     3EF -7EF4AG@6E;@F7D8357E*:73EF -7EF;@F7D8357E3D75A??G@;53F;A@;@F7D8357EF:3F3>>AI5A??G
    @;53F;A@47FI77@5A@FDA>>7DE;@3?G>F;5A@FDA>>7D3D5:;F75FGD7FAEK@5:DA@;L7F:7EF3F7A8F:7@7FIAD=*:7E7
    3D5:;F75FGD7E3D7H7DKD757@F3@6@A;@F7D5A@FDA>>7D5A??G@;53F;A@EF3@63D6;E5GDD7@F>K3H3;>34>7
    
     #!# " 
    
     /..&$4&%#+&$4
    
    78AD7678;@;@9F:75A@57BFEA8@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2;F;E;?BADF3@FFA678;@7F:75A@@75F76A4<75FI:;5:;E3
    67H;57I:AE7BD;?3DKBGDBAE7;E@AFFA4735A?BGF7DEKEF7?AD3I743557EE;@F7D83578AD7J3?B>733@A4<75FEG5:
    3E35A8877?35:;@7AD3>A5=I3E67E;9@76I;F:AGF;@F79D3F;A@A85A?BGF7DEKEF7?EAD5A@@75F;A@FAF:7@F7D@7F
    *:7;@F79D3F;A@A83@@F7D@7F5A@@75F;A@FA3@5A@@75F76A4<75F3>>AIE;FFA477@D;5:76;@F7D?EA88G@5F;A@3>;FKA8
    ;@F7D35F;A@I;F:;FE7@H;DA@?7@F;F475A?7E3@@D;5:76A@@75F76%4<75F%8AD7J3?B>7F:7;@F79D3F;A@A83@
    @F7D@7F5A@@75F;A@FAF:75A8877?35:;@7?3=;@9;F3557EE;4>7D7?AF7>K
    
      &'*.*4*/./'4)&.4&2.&4/' )*.(3
    
    *:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2;E36K@3?;5;@8D3EFDG5FGD7A839>A43>@7FIAD=*:;E9>A43>@7FIAD=:3E3@3GFA5A@
    8;9GD3F;A@53B34;>;F;7E43E76A@;@F7DAB7D34>75A??G@;53F;A@EF3@63D6E3@6BDAFA5A>E@F:;E@7FIAD=B:KE;53>3@6
    H;DFG3>A4<75FE:3H7;67@F;F;7EB:KE;53>3FFD;4GF7EH;DFG3>B7DEA@3>;F;7E;@F7>>;97@F;@F7D8357E3@6F:7K3D7E73?>7EE>K
    ;@F79D3F76;@FAF:7@7FIAD=*:;E678;@;F;A@E:AIEF:7FIA3EB75FEA8F:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9EF7?BAD3>3@6EB3F;3>I:;5:
    3>>AIB7AB>7FA5A@@75F8DA?3@KI:7D73F3@KF;?7F:DAG9:5A@@75F76A4<75FE)?3DFB:A@7EF34>7FEE7@EAD*,
    53?7D3E7F5*:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E?GEF473BB>;768AD73EKGE73@6E75GD7:3@6>;@9FA3HA;6BAF7@F;3>F:D73FE3@6
    D;E=EI:;>7?3E=;@9F:7G@67D>K;@9F75:@A>A9;53>5A?B>7J;FKA@@75F76A4<75FE3D73FF:7:73DFA8F:7@F7D@7FA8
    *:;@9E1 24GF;F;E;?BADF3@FFA4734>7FA5A@@75F3>>A8F:7E7A4<75FE:3H7F:7?7J5:3@97;@8AD?3F;A@3@6;@F7D
    35FI;F:;@F:7E3?77@H;DA@?7@F*:7;?B>7?7@F3F;A@A8F:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E9A7EF:DAG9:F:78A>>AI;@9EF397E
    67@F;8;53F;A@;@EF3>>3F;A@A8E7@EADE5A@@75F;A@A8A4<75FE47FI77@F:7?;@F79D3F;A@3@65A@@75F;A@FA3@7FIAD=

      2$)*4&$452&/'.4&2.&4/' )*.(3
    
    ;H7@F:7D3B;667H7>AB?7@FA8F:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2;F4753?7@757EE3DKFA:3H73D787D7@573D5:;F75FGD7
    F:3FIAG>6EF3@63D6;L7F:767E;9@A8EKEF7?E3@6BDA?AF7;@F7DAB7D34;>;FK3@65A??G@;53F;A@47FI77@F:76;887D7@F
     726 Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729
     54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9

    75AEKEF7?EA8F:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9EAD7J3?B>73@A4<75FA8?3D=.?GEF4734>7FAE7@6;@8AD?3F;A@FA3B>3F8AD?
    /H;3F:7@7FIAD=0@F7DAB7D34;>;FK53@47E77@8DA?FIA3@9>7E7;F:7DP5>AE76PI;F:;@>3D9775AEKEF7?EI:;5:
    E:3D7F:7E3?7EF3@63D6EADP@3F;H7P43E76A@?AD79>A43>EF3@63D6E8AD7J3?B>7F:78;DEFH7DE;A@A8F:7@F7D@7F
    I;F:&AD**&
    

    ;9 *:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9ED5:;F75FGD7
    
    

     #!# "!# # !"


    
    *:75A@57BFA8O@6GEFDK P67E;9@3F7EF:7GE7A8F75:@A>A9K6;9;F3>FA?3=7?3@G835FGD;@935F;H;F;7E?AD739;>7
    ?AD78>7J;4>73@647FF7DEG;F76FA5GEFA?7D@776E
    F;E@AIBAEE;4>7FA5D73F73E?3DF835FADK1 2I:7D7F:7@F7D@7F36H3@576I;D7>7EEE7@EADEEA8FI3D73@6AF:7D
    F75:@A>A9;7E3D7GE76FA97F:7DFAABF;?;L7BDA6G5F;A@3@6;?BDAH7F:75GEFA?7DE3F;E835F;A@*:7E7FAA>E3>>AIF:7
    5A?B3@KFAD735F83EF7DFA?3D=7F5:3@97EA887D?AD7B7DEA@3>;L76BDA6G5FE3@6;@5D73E7AB7D3F;A@3>788;5;7@5K3E
    B3DFA835A@F;@GAGE;?BDAH7?7@F5K5>7*:D77I3KEFA;@FDA6G576;9;F3>F75:@A>A9;7E;@3?3@G835FGD;@94GE;@7EE
    

    ;9 @6GEFD;3>D7HA>GF;A@EAH7DF:757@FGD;7E
    
    
     G;>636;9;F3>835FADK1 2/AG53@GE7BAI7D8G>?3@G835FGD;@9F75:@A>A9;7EFA?A@;FAD3@65A@FDA>KAGD
    BDA6G5F;A@3@63>EAGE7;FFA7JB>AD7KAGD63F3FA93;@;@E;9:FEF:3FI;>>:7>BKAG;@5D73E7B7D8AD?3@573@6
    D76G576AI@F;?7/AG53@3>EAGE7E7@EADEFA5A@F;@GAGE>K?A@;FAD3@6;?BDAH7CG3>;FK
     D73F76;9;F3>BDA6G5FE1 2/AG53@366E7@EADE5A@@75F76FAF:7@F7D@7FFAKAGDBDA6G5FEFA?A@;FADF:7;D
    B7D8AD?3@573@6BDAH;67KAGD5GEFA?7DEI;F:GE78G>;@8AD?3F;A@8AD7J3?B>7@AF;8K;@9F:7?I:7@3B3DF
     Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729 727
    54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9 

    @776EFA47D7B>3576A@@75F76BDA6G5FE1 2:7>BKAGEF3@6AGF8DA?F:75A?B7F;F;A@3@697@7D3F7D7H7@G7
    F:DAG9:F:7FD3@E;F;A@FA3BDA6G5F3E3E7DH;574GE;@7EE?A67>
     &DAH;6736;9;F3>5GEFA?7D7JB7D;7@57/AG53@GE7F:7@F7D@7F3@6AF:7D36H3@576F75:@A>A9;7EFA97F5>AE7D
    FAKAGD5GEFA?7DE/AG5AG>68AD7J3?B>7A887DF:7?FAB7DEA@3>;L7F:7;DAD67DA@>;@73@6F:7@8A>>AI;FGB;@
    D73>F;?7/AG?;9:F7H7@3@F;5;B3F7F:7;D@776E478AD7F:7KD73>;L7;FF:7?E7>H7E
    
     00,*$"4*/.3/'3-"24'"$4/2*&3
    
     >;?;@3F7B3B7D)53@KAGD4GE;@7EE6A5G?7@FE;@EFDG5F;A@E8ADIAD=8AD?EBGD5:3E7AD67DEB35=;@9E>;BE
    BDA6G5FEB75;8;53F;A@E7F5FAE3H7F;?73@6?A@7K3@6D76G577DDADE53GE764K;@5ADD75FADAGF63F7663F3
     #A@;FAD 3@6 5A@FDA> ?35:;@7DK 3@6 7CG;B?7@F ;@ D73> F;?7 @EF3>> I;D7>7EE E7@EADE A@ KAGD ?35:;@7E 3@6
    7CG;B?7@FFA?A@;FADBDA6G5F;A@3@65A>>75FD73>F;?763F3;@A@7AD?AD7A8KAGD835FAD;7E/AGI;>>4734>7
    FA8A>>AIKAGDBDA6G5F;A@BD75;E7>K;67@F;8K3@65ADD75FBDA4>7?E3@6?3=7?AD7;@8AD?76EFD3F79;5675;E;A@E
    *:;E;E53>>76F:7@6GEFD;3>@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E1 2
     @FDA6G5;@9;@F7>>;97@FBDA57EE7E+E7?35:;@7E53B34>7A83@3>KL;@9F:7;DAI@63F3FABD76;5FI:7@F:7;D?3;@
    F7@3@57E:AG>64753DD;76AGFEA?7?3K7H7@?3=73@3BBA;@F?7@FI;F:3F75:@;5;3@6H3@5765A@FDA>F75:
    @A>A9;7E3EE7EECG3>;FK;@D73>F;?76GD;@9BDA6G5F;A@3@6;@F7DH7@7I:7@83G>FE@776FA475ADD75F76
     %BF;?;L;@9BDA57EE7EJB>AD763F3I;F:36H3@5763@3>KF;5EEA8FI3D7;@AD67DFA;67@F;8KF:747EFBDA6G5F;A@
    E57@3D;AE3@63@6GE7F:7?FA;?BDAH7BDA6G5F;A@3@697FF:7?AEFAGFA8KAGD3EE7FE
     JB7D;?7@FI;F: BD;@F;@9+E7 BD;@F7DEFACG;5=>KBDA6G57BDAFAFKB7E834D;53F75A?B>7JE:3B7E3@6
    5D73F7:;9:>KB7DEA@3>;L76BDA6G5FE1 2FAKAGD5GEFA?7DEREB75;8;53F;A@E
     A@@75FBDA6G5FEFAF:7@F7D@7F1 2CG;BKAGDBDA6G5FEI;F:E7@EADEFA?A@;FADF:7;DGE7+E7;FFA@AF;8K
    KAGD5GEFA?7DEI:7@;FREF;?7FA6AF:7?3;@F7@3@573@6FABA;@FAGF3@KBDA4>7?E/AG53@3>EAGE7E?3DF
    BDA6G5FE1 2FA366E7DH;57E43E76A@GE397FAEI;F5:FA3BDA6G5F3E3E7DH;574GE;@7EE?A67>ADFA67H7>AB
    ;@@AH3F;H7@7IBDA6G5FE
     @F79D3F75A?BGF7D@7FIAD=E+E7F:7@F7D@7FFA97F;@FAG5:I;F:KAGD5GEFA?7DEEGBB>;7DE3@6KAGD4GE;@7EE
    B3DF@7DE/AG53@6AF:;EGE;@93@7JFD3@7FAD7>75FDA@;563F3;@F7D5:3@97EKEF7?8AD 5A??7D573@6
    3FD3@E35F;A@3>I74E;F78AD5A@EG?7D5A??7D57
    
      4&$).*15&353&%*./ -"24"$4/2*&3
    
      8."-*$%*3$/6&28/'/ 2&3/52$&3
    )$5A?BGF7>A9;5;EBAI7D764KF:76K@3?;56;E5AH7DKA8A*E7DH;57B>3F8AD?EI:;5:53@67F7D?;@7F:753B3
    4;>;F;7EA8F:7>3FF7D&+EFAD397?7?ADK43FF7DK3@6AF:7DEF:;E;@8AD?3F;A@;EEFAD76;@3D7EAGD57D7BAE;FADKA*
    E7DH;57B>3F8AD?E678;@7F:7;D@7FIAD=BA>;5;7E3@6EFD3F79;7E43E76A@F:;ED7BAE;FADKF:7E7EFD3F79;7E3D75A@H7DF76
    ;@FA5A@8;9GD3F;A@;@8AD?3F;A@3@68ADI3D676FAA*E7DH;57B>3F8AD?67H;57E

       8."-*$,,/$"4*/./'/ &3/52$&3*."./ &26*$&


    *:75A?4;@3F;A@A8F:7A*E7DH;5763F3?A67>EF:3F3D7EFAD76;@3@A*D7EAGD57D7BAE;FADK3>A@9I;F:F:7A*
    E7DH;57B3D3?7F7D@79AF;3F;A@D7EG>FE6K@3?;53>>K3>>A53F7E@7FIAD=A*D7EAGD57EAD7J3?B>7I:7@F:743FF7DK
    >7H7>A83E7@EAD;E>AIF:3@F:7 53B35;FKA8F:743FF7DK3?7EE397;EE7@FFA@AF;8KF:75A@FDA>>7DF:;E?A6;8KF:7
    )$5A@FDA>>7D5A?BGF7>A9;5FAGE7F:7E7@EADA@>KA@F:7H7DK;?BADF3@FGE753E7E3FF:7:3>8A@F:7@AD?3>F;?7
    8AD7J3?B>7

       5.$4*/.$)"..&,3/'%8."-*$/ 3&26*$&3
    @3@A*@7FIAD=;@8D3EFDG5FGD7)F75:@;CG7E3D7GE76FA7@8AD576;887D7@FBA>;5;7E8ADDAGF;@9FD388;53EI7>>
    3EFA?77FF:7EB75;8;5D7CG;D7?7@FEA83@A*E7DH;578AD7J3?B>7FABDAH;673EG;F34>78AD?3F8ADF:7FD3@E?;FF76
    63F3678;@7F:7FD388;57@9;@77D;@9F:3FI;>>47GE768ADDAGF;@9F:7E7?7EE397E?3@39763F3E75GD;FK63F3BD;H35K
    I;F:7@5DKBF;A@63F3;@F79D;FKI;F:6;9;F3>E;9@3FGD73GF:7@F;5;FKA863F3I;F:E;?G>F3@7AGE?GFG3>3GF:7@F;53F;A@3@6
    AF:7DE8AD39AA6CG3>;FKA8FD3@E?;EE;A@3@6F:7BDAF75F;A@A8BD;H35K*:7@7ID7CG;D7?7@FEA8F:7A*E7DH;57E
    F:GE?3=7;FBAEE;4>7FA678;@7@7IE7DH;578G@5F;A@5:3;@E;F;EE7DH;57E8G@5F;A@EI;>>475A>>75F763@66K@3?;53>>K
    EFDG5FGD764KF:7)$53>5G>3F;A@>A9;5I:;5:I;>>3>>AIFABDAH;67F:7ABF;?3>E7DH;578AD735:A*6A?3;@
     728 Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729
     54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9

      / -"24"$4/2*&3#"3&%/.
    
    *:7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E)?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?D5:;F75FGD743E76A@F:7)A8FI3D778;@76$7FIAD=;@91 2
    5A@F3;@EF:D77>3K7DE
    
     *:73BB>;53F;A@>3K7D*:;E>3K7D5A@F3;@EF:7A*)?3DF35FADKBDA57EE;@9EKEF7?>A53F76;@F:73F357@F7D
    >AG6F:3F5A>>75FF:7;@8AD?3F;A@8DA?F:76;887D7@F)?3DF35FAD;7E3@67JBAE7;FFAF:7@7FIAD=?3@397DAD
    F:7GE7DH;33@;@F7D83578AD8GDF:7DBDA57EE;@9
     *:75A@FDA>>3K7D*:;E>3K7D5A@@75FEF:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E3BB>;53F;A@EFAF:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E;@8D3E
    FDG5FGD7;F5A@H7DFF:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E3BB>;53F;A@EBA>;5;7EFA@7FIAD=;@EFDG5F;A@E3@6;@<75FF:7?6;D75F>K
    A@ F:7 )?3DF 35FAD;7E ;@8D3EFDG5FGD7 F:DAG9: F:7 )$ 5A@FDA>>7D 1 2 GE;@9 F:7 6;887D7@F &E EA ;@6GEFD;3>
    ;@8AD?3F;A@53@47EI;F5:763@6DAGF76;@F:7@7FIAD=8DA?F:7EAGD57FAF:767EF;@3F;A@I;F:9G3D3@F77EA8
    CG3>;FKA8E7DH;57E
     *:7;@8D3EFDG5FGD7>3K7DF5A@F3;@EF:7A*)?3DF35FAD;7E;@8D3EFDG5FGD7F:3F;E5A?BAE76A83>AFA8E7@
    EADE3@635FG3FADEF:3F3D75A@@75F76FAF:73557EE>3K7DF:DAG9:@7FIAD=93F7I3KEF:3F5A@@75FF:7?FAF:7
    4DA3643@6435=4A@7
    

    ;9D5:;F75FGD7A8F:7)A8FI3D778;@7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9)?3DF35FADK5AEKEF7?
    
    
    
      &.&'*43/'53*.(4)& &$)./,/(8
    
     "AI7DAB7D3F;@95AEFE6?;@;EFD3F;H7788;5;7@5K;?BDAH7?7@FE;@E7DH7DGF;>;L3F;A@47FF7D5A@FDA>A8H;DFG3>
    ;L3F;A@3@6AF:7D47@78;FEE:AG>6D7EG>F;@AB7D3F;A@3>E3H;@9E>F:AG9:;F;EEF;>>73D>KFAE:AID73>BDAA8A8
    E3H;@9E)$E:AG>6>AI7DAH7D3>>AB7D3F;@95AEFE3@6D7EG>F;@36?;@;EFD3F;H7E3H;@9EE;@57?3@KA8F:7DAGF;@7
    @7FIAD=36?;@;EFD3F;A@;EEG7E53@4757@FD3>;L763@63GFA?3F76
     &:KE;53>HE,;DFG3>$7FIAD=;@9#3@397?7@F&:KE;53>7@H;DA@?7@FE@757EE;F3F75A>>34AD3F;A@3?A@96;887D7@F
    F73?EFA97F3F3E=6A@7AD7J3?B>7;8KAGD7CG;D7EA?7?A6;8;53F;A@3F3B:KE;53>@7FIAD=;@967H;57;F
    IAG>6A8F7@F3=735A@E;67D34>73?AG@FA8F;?73@6F73?IAD=;@?AEFAD93@;L3F;A@E478AD7F:7F3E=53@47
    355A?B>;E:76)$BDAH;67EKAGF:734;>;FKFA5A@FDA>F:7H;DFG3>3@6B:KE;53>@7FIAD=;@94KGE;@9357@FD3>
    ?3@397?7@FFAA>H;DFG3>36?;@;EFD3FAD53@BDA57EEF:7@757EE3DK5:3@97EI;F:AGF@776;@9FA5A>>34AD3F7
    I;F:6;887D7@FF73?E
     3D6I3D7E3H;@9E3@6D76G57653B;F3>7JB7@6;FGD7E6ABF;@9)$3>EA9;H7E@7I>;87FA7J;EF;@9@7FIAD=
    67H;57E)$?3=7E;F73E;7DFAABF;?;L75A??A6;F;L76:3D6I3D7J;EF;@9:3D6I3D753@47D7BGDBAE76GE;@9
    ;@EFDG5F;A@E8DA?F:7)$5A@FDA>>7D3@6>7EE7JB7@E;H7:3D6I3D753@4767B>AK76FA9D73F7D78875FE;@57@7I
    67H;57E7EE7@F;3>>K475A?7OI:;F74AJPEI;F5:7EI;F:3>>F:7;@F7>>;97@5757@F7D763FF:7)$5A@FDA>>7D
     7@FD3>;L76@7FIAD=BDAH;E;A@;@9)A8FI3D7678;@76@7FIAD=EBDAH;67357@FD3>;L76H;7IA8F:77@F;D7@7FIAD=
    ?3=;@9;F73E;7DFA57@FD3>;L77@F7DBD;E7?3@397?7@F3@6BDAH;E;A@;@9AD7J3?B>7?AD7,"$3D7475A?;@9
    B3DFA8B:KE;53>"$E5D73F;@93AD6;3@=@AFA8>;@=E3@667B7@67@5;7EK34EFD35F;@9F:75A@FDA>3@6 63F3
     Hamza Zemrane et al. / Procedia Computer Science 175 (2020) 723–729 729
    54)/2."-&2/$&%*"/-054&2$*&.$&  9 

    B>3@7E)$53@3557>7D3F7E7DH;5767>;H7DK3@6BDAH;67?AD739;>;FK;@BDAH;E;A@;@94AF:H;DFG3>3@6B:KE;53>
    @7FIAD=67H;57E8DA?357@FD3>>A53F;A@
     JF7@E;4;>;FK);@57)$;EEA8FI3D743E76;F;E73EKFAGE7)$&D787D7@57E8ADH7@6ADEFA7JF7@6F:7
    53B34;>;F;7EA83@)$EA>GF;A@4K67H7>AB;@93BB>;53F;A@EFA5A@FDA>F:747:3H;ADA8@7FIAD=;@9FD388;5
     *;9:F7DE75GD;FK)$E53@:3@6>7F:7;@5D73E76E75GD;FK67?3@6EI:;5:;E@AFBAEE;4>7I;F::3D6I;D76@7F
    IAD=EB>3576A@F:75A?B3@KRE;@8D3EFDG5FGD74K@7I3BB>;53F;A@E/%3@6,#BDA6G5FE
     63BF34;>;FK+E;@9)$?73@EF:77@F;D7@7FIAD=;E57@FD3>>K5A@FDA>>767;@957@FD3>>K5A@FDA>>76?73@E
    @7FIAD=I;67AD;@6;H;6G3>67H;5736<GEF?7@FE53@47?367CG;5=>K3@6I;F:AGFD7?AF;@9;@FAF:7@7FIAD=
    67H;57?3@G3>>K
     @5D73E76GBF;?7(7?AH;@9?3@G3>;@F7DH7@F;A@FA;@6;H;6G3>@7FIAD=;@967H;57E7>;?;@3F7E7DDADEF:3FBAF7@
    F;3>>K53GE76AI@F;?7
    
     $" 
    
    *:7 ?3EE;H7 63F3 97@7D3F;A@ A8 F:7 A* 5AEKEF7?E ;@ F:7 )?3DF;F;7E 7EB75;3>>K A@ F:7 A* )?3DF 35FAD;7E
    5AEKEF7? F:7 :G97 5A@EG?BF;A@ A8 F:7 @7FIAD= D7EAGD57E 3@6 F:7 4;9 5A@EG?BF;A@ A8 F:7 7>75FD;53> 7@7D9K ;@
    F:7 3F3 57@F7DE BGE:76 3E FA F:;@= A8 3 @7I 3D5:;F75FGD7 A8 F:7 A* )?3DF 35FAD;7E 5AEKEF7? 4K ;@F79D3F;@9
    F:7)A8FI3D778;@7$7FIAD=;@9F75:@A>A9KF:3FF3=7F:75A@FDA>8G@5F;A@A8F:7)?3DF35FAD;7E7CG;B?7@F3@6
    57@FD3>;E76;@3E;@9>75A@FDA>>7D8AD>AI7DAB7D3F;A@5AEF:A>;EF;5?3@397?7@FA8F:75AEKEF7?3@6?3=;@9F:7
    ;@8D3EFDG5FGD7E3>34>73@639;>7F:;EAGF5A?7I;F:3@7I3D5:;F75FGD753>>76F:7)A8FI3D778;@7@F7D@7FA8*:;@9
    )?3DF35FAD;7E5AEKEF7?
    
    !"
    
    1 2 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?)$3E76)A>GF;A@EFA?BDAH7%*)GDH7K@ F:@F7D@3F;A@3>
    A@9D7EEA@@8AD?3F;A@)5;7@573@6*75:@A>A9K;)F B 
    1 2 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?)$3E76)A>GF;A@EFA?BDAH7%*)GDH7K@ F:@F7D@3F;A@3>
    A@9D7EEA@@8AD?3F;A@)5;7@573@6*75:@A>A9K;)F B 
    1 2 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?A?B3D;EA@47FI77@%*BDAFA5A>E0;9773@6-;;GE;@9F:7%&$*
    E;?G>3FAD@&DA5776;@9EA8F:7 F:@F7D@3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A@@F7>>;97@F)KEF7?E*:7AD;7E3@6BB>;53F;A@E# B 
    120#($3?L3%+;?3@$3;F/AGEE787F3>-;D7>7EE)7@EAD$7FIAD=E3EB3DFA8%*&7D8AD?3@57EFG6KA8-;#3J
    #A4;>BDAFA5A>@ F:@F7D@3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A@>AG6A?BGF;@9*75:@A>A9;7E3@6BB>;53F;A@E>AG6F75: B 
    
    12 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?)$3E76)A>GF;A@EFA?BDAH7%*)GDH7K@ F:@F7D@3F;A@3>
    A@9D7EEA@@8AD?3F;A@)5;7@573@6*75:@A>A9K;)F B 
    12 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?:73>F:E?3DF3BB>;53F;A@A8-)$A@--$@&DA5776;@9EA8F:7 @6
    @F7D@3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A@$7FIAD=;@9@8AD?3F;A@)KEF7?E)75GD;FK B 
    12 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;??BDAH7A*7:73>F:75AEKEF7?I;F:)$@&DA5776;@9EA8F:7F:@F7D
    @3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A@)?3DF;FKBB>;53F;A@E B 
    12 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E:73>F:5AEKEF7?)A>GF;A@@*:7&DA5776;@9EA8F:7
    *:;D6@F7D@3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A@)?3DF;FKBB>;53F;A@E)BD;@97D:3? B  
    12 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?#A4;>76A5@7FIAD=E8AD@F7>>;97@F*D3@EBADF3F;A@)KEF7?A?B3D3F;H7
    @3>KE;EA8F:7(AGF;@9BDAFA5A>E&DA576;3A?BGF7D)5;7@57 HA>  B
    1 2 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?@F7D@7FA8*:;@9E)?3DFA?75AEKEF7?@?7D9;@9*75:@A>A9;7E8AD
    A@@75F76@F7D@7FA8,7:;5>7E3@6@F7>>;97@F*D3@EBADF3F;A@)KEF7?$7FIAD=E)BD;@97D:3? B  
    1 2 0#($3?L3/AGEE787F)467DD3:;?A*)?3DFA?75AEKEF7?D5:;F75FGD73@6A??G@;53F;A@&DAFA5A>E @
     @F7D@3F;A@3>A@87D7@57A8A?BGF7D)5;7@573@6(7@7I34>7@7D9;7E)( B 
    1 2 %(*$%;3@53D>A#))$34D;L;A(%)A?7@;5A7F3>*DGEF43E76*73?AD?3F;A@D3?7IAD=8AD#A4;>7@F7>>;97@57;@
    )?3DF35FAD;7E*D3@E35F;A@EA@@6GEFD;3>@8AD?3F;5E 
    1 2 $!0##A:3??36%"))!3H;6&7F*(/ A:@##3@397?7@FA8G@D735:34>7%B7@>AIDG>7E+)&3F7@F$A
     <3@H 
    1 2 $0:;:G3"+#;@9>7;#$.;@9GA7F3>JB>AD73@67H3>G3F7;@@AH3F;H7H3>G7BDABAE;F;A@E8ADE?3DFBDA6G5FE7DH;57EKEF7?
    @AH7>9D3B:;5E43E76DAG9:8GLLK#*"?7F:A6 AGD@3>A8>73@7D&DA6G5F;A@ HA>  B  

    You might also like