University of

Perpetual Help
System Dalta
{UPHSD}
 Group 4 members :
1.Sushruta s hedge
2.Mohith bhau
Maxims Of 3.Kuracha sindhuja
Communication 4.T Nithin reddy
5.Kerthavath Sharath
6.Mariyam
Introduction:

Herbert Paul Grice was a

British philosopher of
language. He proposed two
Introduction
theories, namely
1. Theory of Cooperative
Principle
2. Theory of Implicature
 Maxims of communication

Cooperative principle:-
It explains how people communicates effectively in this social world. It
contains four Maxims of Communication or Gricean Maxims, namely
Quantity
Quality
Relation
Manner
 Cooperative Principle

Maxims of communication

Maxims of Maxim of Maxim of Maxim of

Quantity Quality Relation Manner
1. Maxims of Quantity (Content length and
depth)

Make sure the conversation is informative for

the current purpose of exchange.
Conversation must not be more informative.
 2. Maxims of Quality
(Truth)

Information must be true.

You should not convey the information if you
believe the information is false.
With lack of adequate evidence the
information must not be conveyed.
 3. Maxims of Relation
(Relevance)

Your information must be relevant to the

current conversation between the teller and
the receiver
 4. Maxims of Manner
(Clarity)

Avoid language that is difficult to understand.

Information should be brief.
Avoid language that may interpret in multiple
wrong ways.
Provide information in an order that makes
sense, and easy to process it.
Conversational implicature:-
If the speaker is intended to give additional
meaning with an utterance, than that additional
meaning is called conversational implicature.
Eg: A – I am out of gas.
B – There is a gas station.
Here, B’s additional meaning is that
“the gas station is open”.
These maxims are not followed in some
situations, namely foulted or violated.
Flouting the maxims:-
It means that the Listener thinks that even though
the speaker is following the cooperative principles,
he followed maxims in a deeper level, giving a
conventional implication. Flouting results in
conveying of different meaning than what is
literally said.
Flouting the maxim of quantity happens when a
speaker gives too little or much information.
Flouting the maxim of quality happens when an
utterance cannot be interpreted literally and the
utterance is not literally true but it misleads the
listener because of the context of use in the
utterance.
Foulting the maxim of relevance happens when
a speaker blames the listener by irrelevant
praise.
Flouting the maxim of manner happens when a
speaker says somthing unclearly.
Violating the maxims:-
It means when a speaker is either lying or
intentionally misleading the listener it results in
violating the maxims.
When a speaker tell useless details in an atempt
to obscure or distract or via telling half truths
that leave off important details it results in
violating the maxim of quantity.
When a speaker lies to a listener it results in
violating the maxim of quality.
When a speaker utters some fact as important
which is not it results in violating the maxim of
relevance.
Violating the maxim of manners happens when
a speaker gives unclear reference, in order to
avoid a brief and orderly answer in a
conversation.
Conclusion:-
Gricean maxims and the cooperative principle do
not universally apply because of cultural
differences.