NMAT Review

Mathematics
Trigonometric Functions
opp hyp
sin   csc  
hyp opp
hyp
adj hyp opp
cos   sec  
hyp adj 
adj
opp adj
tan   cot  
adj opp
Trigonometric Functions
12 13
sin   csc  
13 12
13
5 13 12
cos   sec  
13 5 
5
12 5
tan   cot  
5 12
Trigonometric Functions
3 5 7 7 5
sin   csc   
7 3 5 15
7
2 7 3725 22
cos   sec  
7 2 
2
3 5 2 5
tan   cot  
2 15
Trigonometric Functions
17 8
csc   sin  
8 17
17
17 15 8
sec   cos  
15 17 
17215 82
15 8
cot   tan  
8 15
Special Right Triangles
60°
2a
2 a 2
a1 a1

30° 45°
a 3 a1

sin cos tan cot sec csc

30° 1/2 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 2

45° 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2

60° 3 2 1/2 3 1 3 2 2 3
Angles in Standard Position
ter
mi
na
ls
ide

initial side

counterclockwise rotation – positive measure

clockwise rotation – negative measure
Circular Functions
y
sin  
r

x
cos  
r

r  x2  y 2 θ y
tan  
x
r
x
cot  
P  x, y  y

r
sec  
x

r
csc  
y
Signs of Circular Functions
    sin  csc 
sin  csc  
cos  sec  
   tan  cot 
  cos  sec      

tan  cot  
S in A ll

Tan C os cos  sec     

sin  csc  
    tan  cot    
tan  cot  
 sin  csc 
  cos  csc 
 

Reduction of Angles
210  30
sin 210   sin 30
210 cos 210   cos 30

30
tan 210   tan 30
ina l side
term cot 210   cot 30
sec 210   sec 30
csc 210   csc 30
Reduction of Angles

sec 300  ?
300 sec 300   sec 60
 2
60
Trigonometric Identities:
Co-function
a b B
sin A  sin B 
h h
b a h
cos A  cos B  a
h h
a b
tan A  tan B  A
b a b
b a
cot A  cot B  sin A  cos B90  A 
a b
sec A 
h
sec B 
h tan A  cot B90  A 
b a
h h sec A  csc B90  A 
csc A  csc B 
a b
Trigonometric Identities:
Co-function
Which of the following is not equivalent to
cos 35°?

sin 55  sin 215

 cos145 cos325
Trigonometric Identities:
Reciprocal
1 1
sin   csc  
csc  sin 
hyp
1 1 opp
cos   sec  
sec  cos  
adj
1 1
tan   cot  
cot  tan 
Trigonometric Identities:
Pythagorean

sin 2   cos 2   1 hyp

opp
tan 2   1  sec2 

cot 2   1  csc2  adj

cot 2 14.8  csc2 14.8  –1

Sum and Difference of Angles
sin  A  B   sin A cos B  sin B cos A sin  A  B   sin A cos B  sin B cos A

cos  A  B   cos A cos B  sin A sin B cos  A  B   cos A cos B  sin A sin B

tan A  tan B tan A  tan B

tan  A  B   tan  A  B  
1  tan A tan B 1  tan A tan B

2
cos 56 cos 11  sin 56 sin 11  cos 56  11  
2