In realist thinking, alliances play a significant

role in the pursuit of peace by contributing to

the stability and security of states in the
international system. Realists view alliances as
instruments that help balance power, deter
potential aggressors, and promote the
national interests of states. Here are some
aspects of alliances within realist paths to
peace:

1. Balance of Power:
 Realists believe that maintaining a

balance of power is crucial for

preventing conflict and promoting
stability. Alliances are seen as a means
to distribute power more evenly
among states, preventing the rise of a
hegemonic power that could disrupt
the balance and potentially lead to
conflict.
2. Deterrence:
 Alliances are instrumental in the

strategy of deterrence. By forming

alliances, states can signal to potential
 adversaries that an attack on one
member will be met with a collective
and forceful response from the entire
alliance. The strength of the alliance
serves as a deterrent to aggression.
3. Security Guarantees:
 Alliances often involve security

guarantees, where member states

commit to coming to the aid of one
another in the event of an attack.
These guarantees provide a sense of
security and reduce the likelihood of a
state being targeted, contributing to
regional and global peace.
4. Collective defence:
 Realists emphasize the concept of

collective defence within alliances. The

idea is that a group of states working
together can provide a stronger
defence against potential threats than
individual states acting alone. This
collective defence approach aims to
 ensure the security of alliance
members.
5. Military Capabilities:
 Alliances enable states to pool their

military capabilities and resources,

enhancing the overall strength of the
alliance. This collective military power
serves as both a deterrent and a
means of addressing security
challenges, contributing to the overall
peace and stability of the alliance
members.
6. Bargaining Power:
 Alliances give member states

enhanced bargaining power in the

international system. A united front of
states working together can negotiate
more effectively with other states or
alliances, influencing diplomatic
outcomes and promoting peace on
terms favourable to the alliance.
7. Flexibility and Adaptability:
  Realists recognize the importance of
flexibility in alliances. Alliances can
adapt to changing geopolitical
circumstances, allowing states to
navigate shifts in power dynamics and
respond to emerging threats. Flexible
alliances contribute to long-term
stability and peace.
8. Regional Stability:
 Alliances can contribute to regional

stability by creating a framework for

cooperation and conflict resolution
among neighbouring states. Regional
alliances may help manage disputes,
prevent the escalation of conflicts, and
contribute to peace within a specific
geographical area.
9. Strategic Alignment:
 Alliances are formed based on shared

strategic interests. Realists argue that

aligning with states that share
common goals and interests enhances
the likelihood of maintaining peace.
 Strategic alignment within alliances
helps coordinate efforts to address
common challenges.

While realists recognize the role of alliances in

promoting stability and peace, they also
acknowledge the potential for competition
and conflicts of interest among states, even
within alliances. The pursuit of national
interest remains a fundamental principle in
realist thinking, and alliances are seen as
instruments to advance and protect those
interests in a complex and competitive
international environment.