The 2D Shapes

Four Right Angles: Rectangles have four

corners, and all corners are right angles, The formula for area is length x breath
meaning they are 90 degrees.
The formula for perimeter is 2 times of
Opposite Sides are Equal: If you measure length + breath
the length of one pair of opposite sides and
compare it to the other pair, they will be the
same length.

Diagonals are Equal: If you draw a line from one corner of a rectangle to the
opposite corner (diagonal), and then draw another diagonal from another corner to
its opposite, those two lines will be the same length.
Adjacent Angles are Supplementary: If you pick any two angles that are next to each
other in a rectangle, they will add up to 180 degrees.

Area and Perimeter Formulas: To find the area of a rectangle, multiply its length by
its width. To find the perimeter, add up all the sides.

Centre of Symmetry: A rectangle has a point in the middle where it can be folded in
half so that both halves match perfectly.

Definition: A square is a quadrilateral (a polygon with The formula for area is length x length
four sides) with all sides of equal length and all angles of
The formula for perimeter is 4 times of
90 degrees.
length
Equal sides: In a square, all four sides are of equal length.
This means that if one side of a square is 5 cm long, then
all the other sides are also 5 cm long.

Right angles: Each interior angle of a square measures 90

degrees. This makes all the angles right angles.

Diagonals: Diagonals of a square are lines connecting opposite corners. In a square,

diagonals are congruent (have the same length) and bisect each other (divide each
other into two equal parts).

Symmetry: A square has four lines of symmetry. Each line of symmetry divides the
square into two congruent halves.
Definition: A triangle is a polygon with three sides.

Angles: The sum of angles in a triangle is always

180 degrees.

An equilateral triangle has all three angles equal,

each measuring 60 degrees. An isosceles triangle
has two equal angles. A scalene triangle has all
The formula for area
three angles different.
is ½ x height x base
Types based on Sides: Equilateral Triangle: All The formula for
sides are equal. Isosceles Triangle: At least two perimeter is side +
sides are equal. Scalene Triangle: No sides are side + side
equal.

Types based on Angles: Acute Triangle: All angles are less than 90 degrees. Right
Triangle: One angle is exactly 90 degrees. Obtuse Triangle: One angle is greater than
90 degrees.
Pythagorean Theorem: In a right triangle, the square of the length of the hypotenuse
(the side opposite the right angle) is equal to the sum of the squares of the lengths of
the other two sides.
 The 3D Shapes
Definition: A cube is a three-dimensional shape with six square faces, all
of which are congruent (equal in size) and perpendicular to each other.
The formula for
Faces: A cube has 6 faces. Each face is a square. volume is length
Edges: A cube has 12 edges. An edge is where two faces meet. cube

Vertices: A cube has 8 vertices (plural of vertex). A vertex is where three

edges meet.

Definition: A cuboid is a three-dimensional shape with six rectangular faces. Each face is a
rectangle, and opposite faces are equal in size.

Edges: A cuboid has 12 edges. These edges are formed

where the faces meet each other.

Vertices: A cuboid has 8 vertices (plural of vertex). Vertices

The formula for volume is length x
are the points where the edges meet.
breath x height
Length, Width, and Height: A cuboid has three
dimensions: length, width, and height. These dimensions
are perpendicular to each other.