ENGLISH INSTITUTE – UNAMAD / EXAM COURSE XII

AUGUST THE 25th., 2023

Full Name: LUIS ENRIQUE GARRIDO FLORES

Questions:

1. Transform the sentences from the active voice to the passive voice

1.(TV / invent / Baird)

TV was invented by Baird.
.

2.(Pyramids / build / Egyptians)

Pyramids were built by Egyptians.
.

3.(milk / produce / cows)

Milk is produced by cows.
.

4.(coffee / grow / in Brazil)

Coffee is grown in Brazil.
.

5.(chopsticks / use / in China)

Chopstics are used in China.
.

6.(plants / water / everyday)

Plants are watered everyday.
.

7.(the robber / arrest / the police / yesterday)

The robber was arrested by the police yesterday.
.

8.(injured marines / take to a hospital / now)

Injured marines are being taken to a hospital now.
.

9.(the truck / repair / tomorrow)

The truck will be repaired tomorrow.
.

10.(the letters / deliver / last week)

The letters were delivered last week.
.
2.- Exercises with the most common idioms in English

Idioms Practice Exercise

an arm and a leg
1. Getting my car fixed is going to cost me as the
engine has completely blown, but I have no choice. I need it for work.
2. The flu I had a few weeks ago which prevented me from going on holiday with
a blessing in disguise

my friends was . They had a terrible time.

Everything went wrong and it cost them a lot of money.

3. I was in a café in Italy and amazingly I saw Paul from down the road in
it's a small world

there.

4. Jan is finally getting a chance to go on her trip of a life time, a holiday to

over the moon

Australia! She was when I spoke to her.

a drop in the ocean

5. 3 pounds may seem like but if everyone

contributed that much we'd have thousands.

6. The government keeps talking about reducing poverty but what do they ever
actions speak louder than words

do about it? Nothing! .

7. I've got a promotion at work, but all John did was make a joke about it. He
chip on his shoulder

has a real . I think he is just jealous.

a piece of cake

8. The interview for that new job was . They

asked me really easy questions.

9. The new Martin Scorsese film is out at the cinema. A film that comes out that
once in a blue moon

I really enjoy and want to see happens , so I'll

definitely go and see it.
jumping the gun

10. He was when he gave up his job to start

university. Now he has found out he can't get a grant.

3. Read and answer the questions of the following reading:

Spanish Flu Pandemic of 1918

The deadliest virus in modern history, perhaps of all time, was the
1918 Spanish Flu. It killed about 20 to 50 million people worldwide,
perhaps more. The total death toll is unknown because medical
records were not kept in many areas.

The pandemic hit during World War I and devastated military

troops. In the United States, for instance, more servicemen were
killed from the flu than from the war itself. The Spanish flu was
fatal to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses.

The pandemic started mildly, in the spring of 1918, but was

followed by a much more severe wave in the fall of 1918. The war
likely contributed to the devastating mortality numbers, as large
outbreaks occurred in military forces living in close quarters. Poor
nutrition and the unsanitary conditions of war camps had an effect.

A third wave occurred in the winter and spring of 1919, and a

fourth, smaller wave occurred in a few areas in spring 1920. Initial
symptoms of the flu were typical: sore throat, headache, and fever.
The flu often progressed rapidly to cause severe pneumonia and
sometimes hemorrhage in the lungs and mucus membranes. A
characteristic feature of severe cases of the Spanish Flu was
heliotrope cyanosis, where the patient’s face turned blue from lack
of oxygen in the cells. Death usually followed within hours or days.

Modern medicine such as vaccines, antivirals, and antibiotics for

secondary infections were not available at that time, so medical
personnel couldn’t do much more than try to relieve symptoms.

The flu ended when it had infected enough people that those who
were susceptible had either died or developed immunity.

Question 1:
Which pandemic is the deadliest in modern history?
a The bubonic plague in the 14th century
b The Philadelphia yellow fever epidemic in 1793
c The Covid-19 coronavirus in 2020
d The Spanish Flu in 1918
Question 2:
The Spanish Flu pandemic occurred during which war?
a The French Revolution
b World War II
c World War I
d The Spanish-American War
Question 3:
Where did the Spanish flu originate?
a Spain
b Italy
c United States
d That information is not provided
Question 4:
Why are total deaths for the Spanish Flu not known?
a No one wants to know how bad it was
b No one cared because of the war
c Many areas did not keep medical records
d Most medical records were destroyed in the war
Question 5:
When was the first wave of the Spanish Flu pandemic?
a Spring 1918
b Fall 1918
c Summer 1918
d Winter 1918
Question 6:
What contributed to deaths from the flu in military personnel?
a All of the above
b Close quarters
c Poor nutrition
d Unsanitary conditions
Question 7:
What is a characteristic feature of serious cases of the Spanish Flu?
a Face turning blue
b Coma
c Extremely high fever
d Liver failure
Question 8:
What caused the Spanish Flu pandemic to end?
a They created a vaccine for it
b The end of the war caused better conditions
c Those who were susceptible had either died or were immune
d Improved medical care

4.- Watch the video and write a 200-word comment:

The History of Global Banking: A Broken System?

https://youtu.be/aIQY44LCIjc
The History of Global Banking: A Broken System?

Through the latest one, entitled The History of Global Banking A Broken System, the evolution
of the banking system and its origins up to the most modern central bank is reviewed.

The 2008 Global Financial crisis was kicked off by major structural issues in the global banking
system and exacerbated by record levels of household debt. Today the world is on the brink of
yet another major financial downturn, and yet again household debts are at record levels.

The global financial crisis is the result of the financial liberalisation that took place in the past
two decades which was not accompanied by adequate new forms of regulation and the excess
of global liquidity, generated mainly by the US. Together, they fuelled a financial euphoria that
distorted perceptions of risk, leading to excess leveraging. This leveraging, added to the over-
indebtedness of households and businesses and scant regulation of the nontraditional banking
sector, gave rise to bubbles both in real estate and other assets. The bursting of the real-estate
bubble in the US triggered the crisis and financial globalization caused it to spread quickly
around the world.

The main problems of modern banking and the economic system in general are:

- Because they are intermediaries, banks accumulate too much wealth. They are an important
industry, but the amount of money they make far exceeds their contribution to society.

- Modern economic systems accumulate more and more wealth in the pockets of a small
percentage of society. I don't think anyone, not even the super rich, wants to live in a world
where 0.1% of the population controls virtually all the wealth.

The concept of using money to make money makes sense, but again, it is rewarded in a huge
disproportion to your contribution. As the saying goes, capitalism is terrible, it's just better
than everything else.