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ES Lecture 1
ES Lecture 1
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
General information
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Course description
Learning outcome
After this course
students are able to…
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Class policy
Content
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Content
References
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1. Environmental problems, their
causes, and sustainability ?
Environment
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Environmental Science Is a Study of Our
Interactions With the World
Ø Ecosystem? (Group
of organisms in a
defined geographic
area (terrestrial or
marine) that interact
with each other and
their environment)
Ø Environmentalism?
(A social movement
dedicated to
sustaining the
earth’s life-support
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system)
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Environmental Science Is a Study of Our
Interactions With the World
Environmental science
is the field of science
that studies the
interactions of the
physical, chemical and
bilogical components
of the environment and
the relationships and
effects of these
components with the
organisms in the
environment
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Interdisciplinary field
Biology
Chemistry
Geology
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Interdisciplinary field
Political science
Humanities Philosophy
Ethics
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1.1. What are some principles of sustainability?
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Three principles of sustainability
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Natural capital
= Natural resources + Natural services
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Natural services (nutrient cycling)
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Natural capital degradation
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What is resource?
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Renewable resource
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Nonrenewable resource
Ø Nonrenewable/exhaustible resource, such as coal and oil,
exist in a fixed quantity, or stock, in the earth’s crust and
take millions to billions of years to renew.
Ø We can deplete these resources much faster than nature
can form them
Ø Exhaustible energy (coal and oil)
Ø Metallic minerals (copper and alluminum)
Ø Nonmetallic minerals (salt and sand)
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Sustainable solutions
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Sustainable solutions
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Rich and poor countries have different
environmental impact
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Comparison of developed and
developing countries, 2008
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Environmental degradation
Use
Noise, ugliness, thermal water
Transportation or pollution, pollution of air-water-soil,
transmission to solid and radioactive wastes, safety
individual user, eventual and health hazards, heat.
use and discarding 35
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We are living unsustainably
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Pollution
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Pollution types
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Pollution types
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How we are dealing with pollution?
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The tragedy of the commons
overexploiting shared renewable resources
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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Ecological footprints
our environmental impacts
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IPAT Is Another Environmental
Impact Model
𝐈=𝐏×𝐀×𝐓
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IPAT Is Another Environmental
Impact Model
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1.3. Why do we have
environmental problems?
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Cultural changes have increased
our ecological footprints
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Technology increases population
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Affluence has harmful & beneficial
environmental effects
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Ø Harmful effects
– Short term requirements for survival can lead to
degraded forests, topsoil, grasslands, fisheries, and
wildlife populations
Ø Health effects
– Malnutrition, limited access to sanitation/clean drinking
water, outdoor and indoor air pollution
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Prices of Goods/Services Rarely Include
Their Harmful Environmental/Health Costs
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What is Your Environmental Worldview?
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1.4 What Is an Environmentally
Sustainable Society?
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A More Sustainable Future Is Possible
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Key concepts
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Key concepts
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