CRITICAL READING

- By: Sai Sophia Garces-

CRITICAL READING VS. Types of Claims

NON CRITICAL READING
CLAIM OF FACT
Learning to develop your ability to think critically will help you - A claim of fact is an argument about a quantifiable -
succeed academically and professionally. Noncritical thinking assertion or a measurable topic.
happens when you simply accept the things you are told
without examining them. It also happens when you construct - It asserts that something has existed, exists or will exist
your thoughts based on emotions. Moreover, non-critical based on data.
thinking leads people to jump to conclusions without proof or
evidence. - It relies on reliable sources or systematic procedures to be
validated.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CRITICAL READER
evaluates claims Is this issue related to possible cause or effect? Is this
seeks definitions statement true or false? How can its truthfulness be
judges information verified? Is this claim controversial or debatable?
demands proof
questions assumptions EXAMPLE OF CLAIM OF FACT
1.·Converting to solar energy can save homeowners money.
2.Neil Armstrong was the first man to step foot on the moon.
Critical Reading Strategies
CLAIM OF VALUE
A. KEEPING A READING JOURNAL - A claim of value argues whether something is bad or good.
- A reading journal is similar to keeping a diary except you are
writing your feelings and ideas in reaction to your reading - It asserts something that can be qualified. It is based on
assignment. judgment and evaluation on a philosophical, aesthetic or
moral standpoint.
B..Annotating the Text
Annotating the text simply means making notes on your copy
- However, note that it is not merely a statement of
of the reading.
subjective judgment; a claim of value is also assessed based
on accurate information.
C. OUTLINING THE TEXT
- By locating the thesis statement, claims and evidences and
CLAIM OF VALUE
plotting these into an outline, you can see how the writer
Which claims endorse what is good or right? What qualities
structures, sequences and connects his or her ideas.
should be endorsed good? Which of these values contend
with others? Whose standards are used? ·
D. SUMMARIZING THE TEXT
- Summarizing the text simply means getting the main points
EXAMPLE:
of the essay and important supporting details.
1. The United States is the greatest nation on earth.
2. ·Catriona Gray is the best Miss Univers
E. QUESTIONING THE TEXT
- Questioning the text involves asking specific questions on
points that you are skeptical about.
 CRITICAL READING
-By: Sai Sophia Garces-
CLAIM OF POLICY
A claim of policy is an argument which asserts the
implementation of a certain policy. This is driven by the
need to present a solution to problems that have arisen;
sometimes it is given as response to claims of fact. It
generally states solutions and plans that are procedural
and organized. A claim of policy also incorporates
judgment coupled with supporting information.
CLAIM OF POLICY
- It posits that specific actions should be chosen
- as solutions to a particular problem.
- It can be easily identified, for they begin with should,
ought to or must.
- Does the claim suggest a specific remedy to solve
the problem?
- Is the policy clearly defined?
- Is the need for the policy established?
- How does the policy solve the problem?
EXAMPLE
1. You should send your children to private schools.
·2. You must vote for Leni Robredo
CONTEXT OF TEXT DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS CONTEXT?
- It is the social, cultural, political, historical and other
related circumstances that surround the text and form
the terms from which it can be better understood and
evaluated.
WHAT IS AN INTERTEXT
- An intertext refers to a work whose meaning is shaped
by referencing or calling to mind other texts. It is the idea
that the creation of a text is influenced by other texts.
Basically, other texts help add meaning to the current text.
The reader gets to understand the context of the piece
through other texts which parallel it in terms of plot,
characters, premise and the like.
A.RETELLING
It is when an author restates what other texts contain. It
could be in the form of a retelling of a narrative or a re-
expression of an idea or concept.
EXAMPLE
·Several passages in the New Testament retell stories
found in the Old Testament such as in Acts 13:17-22.
B.ALLUSION
It is when an author directly or indirectly refers to an idea
or passage in another text without actually quoting.
EXAMPLE:
1.Though nothing can bring back the hour Of the splendor in
2.the grass, of glory in the flower;
3.We will grieve not, rather find
4.Strength in what remains behind;
C. QUOTATION
It is when an author directs lifts a string of words from
another text.
EXAMPLE:
As Nelson Mandela says, “Educating is the most powerful
weapon which you can use to change the world. ”
Education is the key to eliminating gender inequality, to
reducing poverty, to creating sustainable planet,
preventing needless deaths and illness, and to fostering
peace. And in a knowledge economy, education is the new
currency by which nations maintain economic
competitiveness and global prosperity.
D .PASTICHE
It is a text written in a way that it imitates the style or
other properties of another text, without mocking, as a
parody. ·The Ten Commandments, for example, is very
significant such that other ten commandments have been
written such as, “The Ten Commandments of Marriage.
 CRITICAL READING
-By: Sai Sophia Garces-
WHAT IS HYPERTEXT?

A hypertext is characterized by the external links

embedded in a text by the writer. In a hypertext, the reader
can read the text in a non-linear way because he is led to
other links outside the main text. A work in hypertext also
enables the reader to arrive at the intended interpretation
because he is led to where the author exactly wants him to
go.