Chapter six

Methods of integration

6-1- Integration by parts:

The formula for integration by parts comes from the product
rule:-
d ( u  v )  u  dv  v  du  u  dv  d ( u  v )  v  du
and integrated to give:  u dv   d ( u  v )   v du
then the integration by parts formula is:-

 u dv  u  v   v du

Rule for choosing u and dv is:

For u: choose something that becomes simpler when
differentiated.
For dv: choose something whose integral is simple.
It is not always possible to follow this rule, but when we can.

EX-1 – Evaluate the following integrals:

 xe dx  lnx  
1  x 2 dx
x
1) 6)

2 )  x  cosx dx 7)  sin ax -1
dx
x
 e  sinbx dx
ax
3) dx 8)
x1
 x  ln x dx x  e x dx
2 3
4) 9)

5 )  x  sec x dx 10)  x
2
2 3
 e x dx

Sol. –

u  x  du  dx 
1) let 
dv  e x dx  v  e x   udv  u  v   vdu
 xe dx  x  e x   e x dx  x  e x  e x  c
x

1
 u  x  du  dx 
2) let 
dv  cosx dx  v  sin x   udv  u  v   vdu
 x  cosx dx  x  sin x   sin x dx  x  sin x  cos x  c
u x  du  dx 

3 ) let
dv 
1 1 
dx  v  2 x  1 2   udv  u  v   vdu
x1 
x
dx  2 x   x  1  2   x  1 2 dx
1 1
 x1
2

2  x  1
3
2 4
 2x  x  1   c  2x  x  1   x  13  c
3 3
2

1 
u  ln x  du  dx 
x 
4) let 3    udv  u  v   vdu
x 
dv  x dx  v 
2

3 
3
x 1 x3 1 3
 x  lnx dx  3  ln x  3  x dx  3  ln x  9 x  c
2 2

u  x  du  dx 
5) let 
dv  sec 2 x dx  v  tan x   udv  u  v   vdu
 x  sec x dx  x  tan x   tan x dx  x  tan x  ln cos x  c
2

2x
1
6) 
let u  ln x  1  x 2  du 
2 1  x2
x  1  x2
dx

dv  dx  vx
  
 ln x  1  x dx  x  ln x  1  x   x 1  x
2 2 2
  1
2
dx


 x  ln x  1  x 2
 
1 1  x2
 
 1
2
 
 c  x  ln x  1  x 2  1  x 2  c
2 1
2

2
 a dx
7) let u  sin  1 ax  du  & dv  dx  v  x
1a x 2 2

ax
 sin ax dx  x  sin  1 ax  
1
dx
1  a2 x2

 x  sin  1 ax 
1
2a  
 2a 2 x 1  a 2 x 2 1
2
dx

 x  sin ax 
1 1  a2 x2
1

  1
2
 c  x  sin ax 
1  a2 x2
1
c
2a 1 a
2

1
8) let u  e ax  du  a  e ax dx & dv  sin bx dx  v   cos bx
b
1 ax a ax
 e  sinbx dx   b e  cos bx  b  e  cos bx dx ...........(1)
ax

1
let u  e ax  du  a  e ax dx & dv  cos bx dx  v  sin bx
b
1 ax a ax
 e  cosbx dx  b e  sin bx  b  e  sin bx dx ...........(2)
ax

sub. (2) in (1) 

1 ax a ax a2
        2 
e ax  sin bx dx
ax
e sinbx dx e cos bx 2
e sin bx dx
b b b
2
a 1 ax a ax
 e  sinbx dx  b 2  e  sin bx dx   b e  cos bx  b 2 e  sin bx dx  c
ax ax

 a2  e ax
 1  2   e ax  sinbx dx  2 a sin bx  b cos bx   c
 b  b
e ax
  e  sinbx dx  a 2  b 2 a sin bx  b cos bx   c
ax

9) derivative of u integration of dv
x3 + ex   x 3 e ax dx  x 3 e x  3 x 2 e x
3x 2 - ex
 6 xe x  6 e x  c
6x ex
6
+
- ex 
 e x x3  3x2  6 x  6  c 
0 ex

٣
 2 1 x2
10 ) let u  x2  du  2 x dx & dv  x  e x dx  v  e
2
1 2 x2 1 1 1 2
x x  e   2 x  e x dx  x 2  e x  e x  c
2 2 2
3
 e x dx 
2 2 2 2

6-2- Odd and even powers of sine and cosine:

To integrate an odd positive power of sinx (say sin2n+1x ) we
split off a factor of sinx and rewrite the remaining even power in
terms of the cosine. We write:-

 sin
2 n 1

x  dx   1  cos 2 x n
 sin x dx

and  cos
2 n 1
x  dx   1  sin x 
2 n
 cos x dx

EX-2- Evaluate:

 sin 2)  cos 5 x dx
3
1) x dx

Sol.-

1)  sin
3

x dx   sin 2 x  sinx dx   1  cos 2 x  sinx dx 
1
  sinx dx   cos 2 x   sinx  dx   cos x  cos 3 x  c
3

2)  cos x dx   cos x  cosx dx   1  sin x  cos x dx

5 4 2
 
2

  cosx dx  2  sin 2 x  cos x dx   sin 4 x  cos x dx

2 1
 sinx  sin 3 x  sin 5 x  c
3 5

To integrate an even positive power of sine (say sin2nx ) we use

the relations:-

1  cos 2 1  cos 2
cos 2  or sin2 
2 2

then we can write:-

4
 n
 1  cos 2 x 
 sin x  dx   
2n
 dx
 2 
n
 1  cos 2 x 
 cos x  dx   
2n
and  dx
 2 

EX-3- Evaluate:

1 )  cos 2  d 2)  sin
4
 d

Sol.-

1  cos 2 1 1 
 cos  d   d    d   2 cos 2 d 
2
1)
2 2 2 
1 1 
   sin 2   c
2 2 

 
2
 1  cos 2  1
2 )  sin  d   
4
 d   d   cos 2 ( 2d )   cos 2 d
2

 2  4
1 1  cos 4  1 1 1 
   sin 2   d     sin 2  (   sin 4 )  c
4 2  4 2 4 
3 1 1
   sin 2  sin 4  c
8 4 32

To integrate the following identities:-

 sin mx  sin nx dx ,  sin mx  cos nx dx , and  cos mx  cos nx dx

we use the following formulas:-
cos( m  n ) x  cos( m  n ) x
sin mx  sin nx 
2
sin( m  n ) x  sin( m  n ) x
sin mx  cos nx 
2
cos( m  n ) x  cos( m  n ) x
cos mx  cos nx 
2

5
 EX-4- Evaluate:

1)  sin 3 x  cos 5 x dx 2)  cos x  cos 7 x dx 3) sin x  sin 2 x dx

Sol.-

1
1)  sin 3 x  cos 5 x dx  2  sin( 3 x  5 x )  sin( 3 x  5 x ) dx
1 1 1  1 1
    sin 2 x( 2dx )   sin 8 x( 8dx )  cos 2 x  cos 8 x  c
2 2 8  4 16

1 1 1
2)  cos x  cos 7 x dx  2  cos( 6 x )  cos( 8 x ) dx  12 sin 6 x  16 sin 8 x  c
1 1 1
3)  sin x  sin 2 x dx  2  cos x  cos 3 x  dx  2 sin x  6 sin 3 x  c

6-3- Trigonometric substitutions:

Trigonometric substitutions enable us to replace the binomials
a  u 2 , a 2  u 2 , and u 2  a 2 be single square terms. We can
2

use:-

u  a sin  for a 2  u 2  a 2  a 2 sin 2   a 2 ( 1  sin 2  )  a 2 cos 2 

u  a tan  for a 2  u 2  a 2  a 2 tan 2   a 2 ( 1  tan 2  )  a 2 sec 2 
u  a sec  for u 2  a 2  a 2 sec 2   a 2  a 2 (sec 2   1 )  a 2 tan 2 

EX-5 Evaluate the following integrals:

z 5 dz x2
1)  1 z2
4)  9  x2
dx

dx dt
2) 4  x2
5)  25t 2  9
dx dy
3)  6) 
4  x2 25  9y 2

6
Sol.-

z
1 ) let z  tan   dz  sec 2  d tan  
1
z 5 dz tan 5   sec 2  d
 1 z 2

1  tan 
2
  tan 5  sec  d


  tan   sec  sec 2  1 d 
2

  sec 4  tan   sec  d   2  sec 2  tan   sec  d    tan   sec  d

1 2
 sec 5   sec 3   sec   c 1  z2
5 3 z
1 2 Ө
 ( 1  z 2 )5  ( 1  z 2 )3  1  z 2  c 1
5 3

x
2 ) let x  2 tan   dx  2 sec 2  d tan  
2
dx 2 sec 2  d
 4  x2

4  4 tan 2 
  sec  d  ln sec   tan   c

4  x2
4  x2 x x
 ln  c θ
2 2
2
 ln 4  x 2  x  c  where c   c  ln 2

3 ) let x  2 sin  dx  2cos  d

dx 2 cos  d 1 d 1
 4 x 2
 2
    sec  d
4  4 sin  2 cos  2
1 2
 ln sec   tan   c
2 x
θ
1 2 x 4  x2
 ln  c
2 4  x2 4  x2
1 2 x 1 2 x 1 2 x
 ln  c  ln  c  ln c
2 ( 2  x )( 2  x ) 2 2 x 4 2 x

7
4 ) let x  3 sin  dx  3cos  d
x 2 dx 9 sin 2 
 9 x 2
 9  9 sin  2
3cos d  9  sin 2  d

1  cos 2 9 1  3
 9 d     sin 2   c
2 2 2  x
θ
9
   sin   cos    c 9  x2
2
9 x x 9  x 2  9 x x
  sin -1    c  sin -1   9  x2  c
2  3 3 3 
 2 3 2

5 ) let 5t  3 sec   5dt  3 sec   tan  d

3 sec   tan  d
dt 1
  5   sec  d
25 t 2  9 9 sec 2   9 5
1
 ln sec   tan   c 5t
5
θ 25 t 2  9
1 5t 25 t 2  9
 ln  c 3
5 3 3
1 1
 ln 5 t  25 t 2  9  c  where c   c  ln3
5 5

6 ) let 3y  5 tan   3dy  5 sec 2  d

5 sec 2  d
dy 3 1
 25  9 y 2
  25  25 tan 2 
  sec  d
3
1
 ln sec   tan   c 25  9 y 2
3
3y
θ
1 25  9 y 2 3 y
 ln  c 5
3 5 5
1 1
 ln 25  9 y 2  3 y  c  where c   c  ln5
3 3

8
EX-6 Prove the following formulas:

du u du 1 u
1)  a 2  u2
 sin  1
a
c 2) a 2
u 2
 tan  1  c
a a

Proof.-

1 ) let u  a sin  du  a cos  d

du a cos  d u
 a u
2 2

a  a sin 
2 2 2
  d    c  sin  1
a
c

2 ) let u  a tan   du  a sec 2  d

du a sec 2  d 1 1 1 1 u
 a 2  u 2  a 2  a 2 tan 2  a 
  d 
a
  c 
a
tan
a
c

6-4- Integral involving a x 2 + b x + c :

By using the algebraic process called completing the square, we
can convert any quadratic: a x 2 + b x + c , a ≠ 0 to the form:
a( u 2  A 2 ) we can then use one of the trigonometric
substitutions to write the expression as a times a single square
term.

EX-7 – Evaluate:
dx dx
1)  4) 
2x  x2 1  x  x2
dx dx
2)  5) 
2x  2x  1
2
x2  2x  8
dx
3)  x  2x  2
2

Sol.
dx dx dx
1)  2x  x 2

1 ( x  2x  1) 2

1  ( x  1 )2
let x  1  sin  dx  cos d
dx cos d
 2x  x 2

1  sin  2
  d    c  sin  1 ( x  1 )  c

9
 dx 1 dx 1 dx
2)  2x   2  
 2x  1 2 x  x  1
2
2
2 x 1 2  1
2

4

1 1 1
let x   tan   dx  sec 2 d
2 2 2
1 sec  d
2
dx 1 2
 2 x 2  2 x  1  2  1 tan 2  1   d    c  tan ( 2 x  1 )  c
1

4 4

dx dx
3)  x  2x  2
2

( x  1 )2  1 x2  2x  2
let x  1  tan   dx  sec 2 d x+1
θ
dx sec  d
2

 x2  2x  2

tan 2  1
  sec  d 1

 ln sec   tan   c  ln x 2  2 x  2  x  1  c

dx dx
4)  
1  x  x2 5  x1
4
2

2

1 5 5
let x  sin  dx  cos d
2 2 2
5 cos  d
2  2x  1
   d    c  sin  1    c
5  5 sin 2   5 
4 4

dx dx
5)  x  2x  8
2

( x  1 )2  9
let x  1  3 sec   dx  3 sec   tan  d x1
3 sec  tan  d x2  2x  8
   sec  d θ
9 sec 2   9 3

x1 x2  2x  8
 ln sec   tan   c  ln  c
3 3

 ln x  1  x 2  2 x  8  c where c   c  ln3

11
6-5- Partial fractions:
f(x)
Success in separating into a sum of partial fractions
g( x )
hinges on two things:-

1- The degree of f ( x ) must be less than the degree of g( x ) .

(If this is not case, we first perform a long division, and then
work with the remainder term).

2- The factors of g( x ) must be known. If these two conditions

are met we can carry out the following steps:

Step I - let x  r be a linear factor of g( x ) . Suppose ( x  r ) m

is the highest power of ( x  r ) that divides g( x ) . Then assign
the sum of m partial factors to this factor, as follows:

A1 A2 Am
  ......... 
xr (xr) 2
( x  r )m

Do this for each distinct linear factor of f ( x ) .

Step II - let x 2  p x  q be an irreducible quadratic factor of

g( x ) . Suppose ( x 2  p x  q )n is the highest power of this
factor that divides g( x ) . Then, to this factor, assign the sum
of the n partial fractions:

B1 x  C 1 B2 x  C 2 Bn x  C n
  ......... 
x  p xq (x  p xq)
2 2 2
( x  p x  q )n
2

Do this for each distinct linear factor of g( x ) .

f(x)
Step III - set the original fraction equal to the sum of
g( x )
all these partial fractions. Clear the resulting equation of
fractions and arrange the sums in decreasing powers of x.

Step IV - equate the coefficients of corresponding powers of x

and solve the resulting equations for the undetermined
coefficients.

11
EX-8 – Evaluate the following integrals:

2x  5 sin x dx
1) 2x
9
dx 4)  cos x  5 cos x  4
2

x dx 2x  3x  2
2
2)  2 5)  dx
x  4x  3  x  1 2  x  2 
x3  x x3  4x2
3)  x 2

 1   x  1
2
dx 6)  x2  4x  3
dx

Sol.-

2x  5 2x  5
1) x 2
9
dx  
 x  3   x  3
dx

2x  5 A B
   2x  5  A x  3   B x  3 
 x  3   x  3 x  3 x  3
11
at x3  6A  6  5  A
6
1
at x  3   6B  6  5  B
6
 11 1 
2x  5   11 1
 dx    6  6  dx  ln x  3   ln x  3   c
x 9
2
 x3 x 3 6 6
 

x dx x dx
2) x 2
 4x  3

 x  3  x  1
x A B
   x  A x  1  B  x  3 
 x  3  x  1 x  3 x  1
3 1
at x  3  A  and at x  1  B  
2 2
 3  1 
x dx  2 3 1
 x 2  4 x  3   x  3 x  1  dx  2 ln x  3   2 ln x  1  c
  2
 

12
 x3  x x  x  1 x  1 x2  x
3)  x 2

 1  x  1
2
dx  
x 2

 1  x  1
2
dx  
 
x 2  1  x  1
dx


x2  x

Ax  B
 2 
C
x  1  x  1 x  1 x  1
2
 x 2  x   Ax  B  x  1  C x 2  1  
x 2  x   A  C  x 2   A  B  x   B  C 
A  C  1 ......( 1 ) 

 A  B  1 ......( 2 )  A0 , B1 , C 1
 B  C  0 ......( 3 )
x3  x  1 1 
 x dx    2  dx  tan x  ln x  1  c
1

2

 1  x  1
2
 x  1 x  1
4 ) let y  cosx  dy   sinx dx
sin x dx dy dy
 cos x  5 cos x  4  y  5 y  4   y  4  y  1
2
  2
 

dy A B
   1  A y  1  B  y  4 
 y  4  y  1 y  4 y  1
1 1
at y4  A and at y  1  B
3 3
sin x dx  1  1 
 3 3
 cos 2 x  5 cos x  4     y  4  y  1  dy
 
1 1 1 1
  ln y  4   ln y  1  c   lncos x  4   lncos x  1  c
3 3 3 3
2x  3x  2
2
A B C
5)   
 x  1  x  2  x  1  x  1 x  2
2 2

2 x 2  3 x  2  A x  1 x  2   B  x  2   C  x  1
2

A  C  2 ....................( 1 ) 

 3 A  B  2C  3 ......( 2 )  A  2 , B  1 , C  4
2 A  2 B  C  2 ...........( 3 )  
2x2  3x  2  2 1 4 
  x  1  x  2  dx    x  1  (x  1 )
2 2
  dx
x  2 
1
 2 ln( x  1 )   4 ln( x  2 )  C
x1

13
 x
x3  4 x2 3x
6) 2  x x  4x  3
2
x3  4 x2
x  4x  3  x  3  x  1
 x3  4 x2  3x
 3x
3x A B
   3x  A x  1  B  x  3 
 x  3  x  1 x  3 x  1
9 3
at x  3  A  and at x  1  B  
2 2
x3  4 x2  9 3 
 x  2  2  dx
 x2  4 x  3 dx    x  3 x  1 
 
2
x 9 3
  ln x  3   ln x  1  c
2 2 2

6-6- Rational functions of sinx and cosx, and other trigonometric

integrals:
x 2
We assume that z  tan then x  2 tan 1 z and dx  dz
2 1  z2

Since
x 1  cos x x 2
cos 2   cosx  2 cos 2 1 1
2 2 2 2x
sec
2
2 2 1  z2
 1 2 1  cosx 
2 x z 1 1  z2
tan 1
2

Since
x
x x 2sin
sin x  2 sin  cos  2  cos 2 x  2 tan x  1
2 2 x 2 2 x
cos sec 2
2 2
x 1 2z
 2 tan   sinx 
2 tan 2 x  1 1  z2
2

14
EX-9 – Evaluate:
dx 3 dx
1)  1  sin x  cos x 4)  2  4 sin x
dx
2)  sin x  tan x 5)  secx dx
dx cos x dx
3)  2  sin x 6)  1  cos x
Sol.-
2
dz
dx 1  z 2 dz
1)   
1  sin x  cos x 2z 1 z 2
1 z
1 
1 z 2
1 z 2

x
 ln 1  z  c  ln 1  tan  c
2

2
dz
dx 1 z2 1 1 
2)  sin x  tan x   2z 2z
    z dz
2 z 

1 z 2
1 z 2

1 z2  1 x 1 x
  ln z    c   ln tan  tan 2   c
2 2 2 2 2 2

2
dz
dx 1 z2 dz dz
3)  2  sin x   2z
 2
z z1

1 3
2 ( z  )2 
1 z 2
2 4
1 3 3
let z   tan   dz  sec 2  d
2 2 2
3
sec 2  d
dx 2 2
  2   d   c
2  sin x 3 3 3 3
tan  
2

4 4
 x 
2  2 z  1  2  2 tan  1 
 tan  1    c  tan  1  2 c
3  3  3  3 
 
 

15
 2
dz
3 dx 3 dx 3 z  1 2 dz
4)       3 2
2  4 sin x 2 1  2 sin x 2 2z z  4z  1
1 2 2
z 1
dz dz
 3 
z  2   3 ( z  2 )2  1
2

3
z2
let  sec   dz  3 sec   tan  d
3
z2
3 dx 3 sec   tan  d sec 
 2  4 sin x

sec   1
2
 3
tan 
d
θ
z2  4z  1

3
 3  csc  d   3 ln csc   cot   c

x
2 3
tan
z2 3 2
  3 ln   c   3 ln c
z2  4z  1 z2  4z  1 x x
tan 2  4 tan  1
2 2

1 z2 2 1
5)  secx dx   
1 z 1 z
2 2
dz  2 
1  z 1  z 
dz

1 A B
   A1  z   B 1  z   1
1  z 1  z  1  z 1  z
1 1
at z  1  A  and at z  1  B 
2 2
 1 1 
 2 
 secx dx  2   1  z  1  z  dz   ln1  z   ln1  z   c
2
 
x
1  tan
 x   x  2 c
 ln 1  tan   ln 1  tan   c  ln
 2  2 x
1  tan
2
x 1  cos x
By substituti ng tan  implies
2 1  cos x
 secx dx  ln sec x  tan x  c
16
 1 z2
cos x dx 1  z 2 2 1 z2
6) 
1  cos x 
  dz   dz
1 z2 1 z2 ( 1 z2 ) z2
1
1 z2
1 z2 A B C zD
  2 
(1 z )z
2 2
z z 1 z2
Az  Az 3  B  Bz 2  Cz 3  Dz 2  1  z 2
A  C  0 ......( 1 )
B  D  1 ....( 2 )  
 A  0 , B  1 , C  0 , D  2
A  0 .............( 3 ) 
B  1 .............( 4 ) 


cos x dx  1 2  1
 1  cos x    z 
z  1
2  dz    2 tan  1 z  c
2
z
1 x x
  2   c   cot  xc
x 2 2
tan
2

17
 Problems – 6

Evaluate the following integrals:

x3 1 3 1 2
1)  dx (ans. : x  x  x  ln( x  1 )  c )
x1 3 2
3x  2
2)  dx (ans. : x  ln(3x - 1)  c )
3x  1
3 )  x 2  e  x dx (ans. :  e  x ( x 2  2 x  2 )  c )
1
 x  sin x dx (ans. :  cos x 2  c )
2
4)
2
x 1
5)  x 2  1 dx (ans. :
2
x 2  1  ln x  x 2  1  c )
2
3 x  13 4 5
6)  ( 5 x  1 )( 7 x  2 ) (ans. : ln 5 x  1  ln7 x  2  c )
5 7
2x  3 1 1 9
7)  ( x  1 )( x  2 )( x  3 ) dx (ans. : ln x  1  ln x  2  ln x  3  c )
4 5 20
dx 1 x1 1
8) x 4
1
(ans. : ln
4 x1 2
 tan  1 x  c )

9)  ln x dx (ans. : x  lnx  x  c )
1
 tan
1
10 ) x dx (ans. : x  tan  1 x  ln( 1  x 2 )  c )
2
x2 x2
11 )  x  ln x dx (ans. :
2
ln x 
4
c)

x2 1
 x  tan
1
12 ) x dx (ans. : tan  1 x  ( x  tan  1 x )  c )
2 2
2
x 2x 2
x  cosax dx sin ax  2 cos ax  3 sin ax  c )
2
13 ) (ans. :
a a a
x
14 )  sin(lnx)dx (ans. : (sin(ln x )  cos(ln x ))  c )
2
x
 ln( a  x 2 )dx (ans. : x  ln(a2  x 2 )  2 x  2a tan  1  c )
2
15 )
a

18
 x2 1 x
 x  sin
1
16 ) x dx (ans. : sin  1 x  sin  1 x  1 x2  c )
2 4 4
3x 1 1
 cos  sin 2 x  sin 4 x  c )
4
17 ) x dx (ans. :
8 4 32
2 5 11 17
3 6 3
18 )  cos 3
x  sin 5 x dx (ans. :  cos x  cos x 
5
3
11
3
17
cos 3 x  c )

19 )  x  sin x dx (ans. :  x  cosx  sinx  c )

20 ) x
2
1  x dx (ans. : 
2
105
 
( 1  x )3 15 x 2  12 x  8  c )

1
21 )  sin
2
x  cos 2 x dx (ans. : 4 x  sin 4 x   c )
32
1 1
 sec x  tan 2 x dx (ans. : sec 3 x  tan x  sec x  tan x
3
22 )
4 8
1
 ln sec x  tan x  c )
8

 xcos  1 1 1
23 ) 3
x 2  sin 3 x 2 dx (ans. : sin x 2  sin 3 x 2  cos x 2
2 6 2
1
 cos 3 x 2  c )
6
dx
24 )  x 1 x
(ans. : 2 sin  1 x c)

dx
25 )  x (1 x )
(ans. : 2 ln(1  x )  c )

dx 2 3
26 ) x 2  3 ln2 x
(ans. :
3
sin  1 (
2
ln x )  c )

e 2x dx 3 x 3 9 3
27 )  3
1 ex
(ans. :
2
 e  ( 1  e x )2 
10
( 1  e x )5  c )

dy 1 2 y3 2 y3
28 )  y( 2 y 3  1 ) 2
(ans. :
3
ln( 3
2y 1
)
3( 2 y 3  1 )
c)

x dx 2
29 )  1 x
(ans. :
3
x 3  x  2 x  2 ln( x  1 )  c )

dt
30 ) e t
1
(ans. : ln( e t  1 )  t  c )

19
 d 1 1
31 )  1  tan 2

(ans. :
2
  ln sec 2  tan 2  c )
4
x
e 2
e  cos 2 x dx cos 2 x  e x sin 2 x  c )
x
32 ) (ans. :
5 5
cot d sin
33 )  1  sin 2

(ans. : ln
1  sin 2
c)
1 3
e4t 3 2t 9
 (ans. : e ( 1  e )  ( 1  e )  c )
2t 3 2t 4
34 ) 2
dt
2 8
(1 e ) 2t 3

x3  x2 x2 4 2
35 )  x2  x  2
dx (ans. :  ln( x  2 )  ln( x  1 )  c )
2 3 3
2e 2 x  e x 1
36 )  3e 2 x  6 e x  1
dx (ans. : ( 2 3e 2 x  6 e x  1 
3
3 ln 3 ( e x  1 )  3e 2 x  6 e x  1  c )
dy
37 )  (2y 1) y y
2
(ans. : sec  1 ( 2 y  1 )  c )

3
ex 2
(1 x cos 2 x  e x sin 2 x  c )
2
38 ) ) dx
2
(ans. :
5 5
tan 1 x x tan 1 x
39 )  x 2 dx (ans. : ln
x2  1

x2
c)

x2 x 1
 x  sin x dx  sin 2 x  cos 2 x  c )
2
40 ) (ans. :
4 4 8
dt 1 1 t
41 ) t 4
 4t 2  3
(ans. : tan  1 t 
2 2 3
tan  1
3
c)

8dx x 2 2
42 )  x  2 x3
4
(ans. : ln   2 c)
x2 x x
cos x dx x x x
43 )  1  cos x
(ans. : 2 ( 2 sin  ln sec  tan )  c )
2 2 2
x dx 4 2 x 1
44 )  x x 1
(ans. : x  2 x 
3
tan  1
3
c)

dt
45 )  sec t  tan 2 t
2
(ans. : 2 tan  1 ( 2 tan t )  t  c )

21
 dx 1 1
46 )  1  cos 2 x (ans. :
2
tan  1 (
2
tan x )  c )

x2  x
47 )  ln( x  1  x ) dx (ans. : xln( x  1  x ) 
2
1
 ln 2 x  1  2 x 2  x  c )
4
2
x 3 1
 x ln( x  x ) dx ln( x 3  x )  x 2  ln( x 2  1 )  c )
3
48 ) (ans. :
2 4 2
cosx dx
49 )  4  cos x 2
(ans. : ln 3  sin2 x  sin x  c )

sec 2 x dx 1
50 )  4  sec 2 x
(ans. : sin  1 (
3
tan x )  c )

dt 1 1
51 ) t 1 t 2
(ans. :
2
ln( t  1  t 2 )  sin 1 t  c )
2
1
e
x
52 )  tan  1 e x dx (ans. :  e  x  tan  1 e x  x  ln( 1  e 2 x )  c )
2
1 1
 sin
1
53 ) x dx (ans. : x sin  1 x  sin  1 x  x  x2  c )
2 2
cos2x  1
54 )  cos2x  1 dx (ans. : x  tanx  c )

21