Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61

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PAPQ: Predictive analytics of product quality in industry 4.0

Md.Anjar Ahsan a, Khaleel Ahmad a, Jameel Ahamed a, Mohd Omar a, Khairol Amali Bin Ahmad b,∗
a
Department of CS&IT, Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad, India
b
Faculty of Engineering, National Defence University of Malaysia, Malaysia

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Keywords: In e-commerce, Industry 4.0 is all about combining analytics, artificial intelligence, and machine learning to
Industry 4.0 simplify procedures and enable product quality review. In addition, the importance of anticipating client behavior
Product quality prediction in the context of e-commerce is growing as individuals migrate from visiting physical businesses to shopping
Naïve Bayes
online. By providing a more personalized purchasing experience, it can increase consumer satisfaction and sales,
SVM
leading to improved conversion rates and competitive advantage. Using data from e-commerce platforms such
k-NN
Random forest as Flipkart and Amazon, it is possible to build models for forecasting customer behavior. This study examines
Random tree machine learning techniques for product quality prediction and gives an insight into the performance differences
of machine learning-based models by doing descriptive data analysis and training each model separately on three
datasets viz Mobile, Health Equipments, and Book Datasets. Support Vector Machine, Nave Bayes, k-Nearest
Neighbors, Random Forest, and Random Tree were the machine learning methods utilized in this work. The
results indicate that a Support Vector Machine Model provides the greatest fit for the prediction task, with the
best performance, reasonable latency, comprehensibility, and resilience for the first two datasets, but Random
Forest provides the highest performance for the Book dataset.

1. Introduction
In this fast-growing world, consumers put more and more emphasis
on quality products. The online product selling system provides options
for the customer to select the best product based on various customer
reviews. Although product reviews have aided customers in resolving
the merits and demerits of various products, ultimately assisting in the
selection of the best product for an individual’s needs, the overwhelm-
ing and voluminous ratings provided by existing reviews create confu-
sion and chaos when it comes to purchasing the product, and introduce
a challenge for prospective customers to analyze this massive amount
of data [1]. The amount of data in Product Reviews is rapidly increas-
ing day by day. Some customers have begun to include pictures/images
of the product in their evaluations to make them more appealing and
user-friendly [2]. As a result, the product evaluation dataset may be
considered a big data analytics challenge [3]. Hence, if we want the
customer to be able to select the best product, then we should apply
some techniques to help the customers [4]. Industry 4.0 is an integral
element of this process, which is further reinforced by the rapid ad-
vancements and the way people conduct business through e-commerce.
With everything having to do with the online world, Industry 4.0 is the
ideal method to enhance present business processes in the actual world.
Data collection, one of the key components of Industry 4.0, may en-
hance present e-commerce procedures and guarantee that all of the data
collected will be used to make even more advancements in the future
[5,6].
After China (at 575 million) and the United States (at 275 million),
India now has the third-largest Internet population on the planet, with
about 4.2 trillion dynamic web clients and 3.4 billion web-based life
clients in 2018 (The Statistics Portal). In 2019 an estimated 1.98 bil-
lion people were expected to buy something on the internet [7]. This
indicates that India is rapidly evolving, and people are becoming more
accustomed to using the Internet as human civilization advances, com-
munication formats improve, and digital convergence opens new mar-
keting opportunities and challenges. As a result, the Internet has ad-
vanced to play a key role in the Customer Decision-Making Process. This
work focuses on investigating the components of E-Marketing, in terms
of product quality that leads to Customer Behavior towards a particular
product [8].
In this paper, we combine the seller rating, service rating, and prod-
uct rating provided by different existing users in order to develop a
machine-learning model that could assist customers in selecting a high-
quality product without the need to manually examine vast quantities
of data [9]. The unstructured rating data in its raw form was collected
from the e-commerce websites and preprocessed it using Python and
other preprocessing techniques. The pre-processed data is then analyzed

∗
Corresponding author.
E-mail address: khairol@upnm.edu.my (K.A.B. Ahmad).

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2023.02.001
Received 7 November 2022; Received in revised form 26 January 2023; Accepted 17 February 2023
Available online 21 February 2023
2666-4127/© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND
license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al.
using machine learning algorithms for the development of models that
provide quality products.
2. Related works
Several research papers were studied and analyzed during the litera-
ture survey pertaining to the various types of research on the quality of
the product based on customer behavior and method that have been em-
ployed over these years using classification, Regression, K-means, neural
network, and clustering techniques [10]. Customers used the review-
ers’ disclosing of identity-descriptive information to augment or replace
product information when making purchase decisions and assessing the
usefulness of online reviews, according to Lee and Shin [11]. They dis-
covered that online community members’ ratings that include personal
information are more comprehensive [12]. Hu et al. looked at the char-
acteristics of reviews obtained from Amazon to see what makes a re-
view useful for shoppers [13]. Three hypotheses were constructed and
tested. They discovered that the influence of review extremity was en-
thusiastic on the product type after assessing the possibilities. Customers
need to act directly while knowing the quality of the items; thus, they
were divided into two categories: search product and expertise product
[14]. Qazi et al. looked at the influence of many aspects of review texts,
such as writing system faults, readability, and subjectiveness, on sales.
Linguistic accuracy was discovered to be an important factor in driv-
ing sales [15]. In comparison to reviews that are either short or very
long and include spelling problems, there is a notion that reviews of
medium length with a high number of violent writing system flaws are
more beneficial to ignorant buyers [16]. Krishnamoorthy investigated
the relationship between online review usefulness, rating score, and,
as a result, the review text’s qualitative characteristics as evaluated by
readability tests. Conformity, comprehensibility, and quality were the
three elements they endorsed in their theoretical paradigm [17]. They
looked at the directional link between the qualitative features of the
review text, review helpfulness, and, as a result, review helpfulness’ ef-
fect on the review score. It was discovered that their ability to view
had a greater impact on their helpfulness-greatness relationship than its
length [18]. Korfiatis et al. explored whether the Quality of reviews in-
fluences both their viewers’ and thee-commerce website’s assessments
[19]. Shareholders were given questions such as (a) how frequently they
use online shopping malls and (b) if they have utilized the target product
before. They examined how reader acceptance is influenced by (i) the
quality of online product evaluation, and (ii) how often such an event
is to occur. Their research revealed that favorable high-quality evalua-
tions raise shareholders’ desire to purchase the goods and low-quality
reviews decrease it [20]. Wan (2015) examined a dataset of Amazon’s
best-selling products and emphasized the Matthew effect (Merton, 1968)
as well as the ratchet effect (Freixas et al., 1985) [21]. Reviews are with-
out a doubt beneficial to those who want to learn more about a product.
The usefulness of any review has become a major area of investigation,
as seen by Amazon’s introduction of a fresh new procedure known as
the “helpfulness vote”. Amazon scores each review based on its ‘help-
fulness vote and some of the best reviews are shown on the product page.
The first useful review is also chosen by hand [22]. Various components
of review analysis include sentiment analysis and helpfulness calcula-
tion. Many approaches are employed to do this, including classification
techniques, the Naïve Bayes theorem, support vector machines, and the
language communication process. Further, the conceptual debate over
a variety of concerns about e-commerce, transportation, Industry 4.0,
the Internet of Things, information and communication technology, as
well as logistics and supply chain management. This study is crucial
from a futuristic point of view because the future appears to be mov-
ing more towards automated systems, internet-based approaches, mo-
bility, transportation, and logistics got affected due to industry 4.0. As
a result, the concept of a feasible integrated model for passenger metro
trains and last-mile parcel flow of e-commerce deliveries has been of-
fered. This research is centered on the urban area of Nagpur, and its
54
Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61
primary objective is to devise a method that can be used to assess the
impact of the concepts of Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things, informa-
tion and communications technology and E-commerce on transportation
and mobility. The concept of mobility has always been an essential and
fundamental component of human civilization. Interaction on a social,
cultural, and economic level is supported. Nevertheless, as a result of the
COVID-19 pandemic, people’s mobility has been restricted owing to a
fear of corona virus, and as a consequence, home delivery services have
begun, playing an essential role in contributing to economic operations.
In addition, the idea behind Industry 4.0, the Internet of Things, and
information and communications technology will most certainly have a
part to play in electronic commerce and, consequently, in urban mobility
[23]. However, the rise of e-commerce has contributed to the strength-
ening of the citizenship economy in the industrial era 4.0 for the ben-
efit of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia (UPI) students as discussed in
[2]. This research takes a qualitative approach, and the authors made
use of a literature review, Interviews, observations, document reviews,
and field notes as data-collecting methods. In an endeavor to bolster
the economy of people, achieve wealth, and realize national goals, the
researchers are expected to teach students how to make the most effi-
cient use of e-commerce as a part of Industry 4. It is impossible to deny
that the advancements in digital technology that happened throughout
the industrial age of 4.0 brought about very substantial changes in the
order in which humans live their lives. Because of the proliferation of
different kinds of e-commerce, a significant shift has taken place in the
way that buying and selling transactions are conducted. The advent of e-
commerce has unquestionably opened up many lucrative opportunities
for business people and entrepreneurs [2]. The authors in [3] reviewed
recent developments in robotics and automation technologies, as they
pertain to the implementation of Industry 4.0. There is a widespread
consensus among businesses, research facilities, and educational insti-
tutions that robots and automation technology serve as the bedrock of
industrial manufacturing and an essential component of Industry 4.0. At
the end of this paper, it is explored whether or not the concept of "Indus-
try 4.0″ is truly disruptive or simply a normal, gradual development of
industrial production processes [3]. The history of the concept of “Indus-
try 4.0″ as well as its progression was covered in [4]. The idea of Industry
4.0 is not limited just to direct manufacturing in the company, it also
comprises the entire value chain from providers to customers and all of
the enterprise functions and services are also included. Even though the
concept is very comprehensive and complex, three main points can be
identified. Industry 4.0 is a subset of the Internet of Things that is ap-
plied to the manufacturing and industrial environment. The data gener-
ated from IoT devices can be used for preventive maintenance, and it can
give manufacturers valuable information on the lifetime and reliability
of their goods. It is predicated on the collection of data in real-time,
which raises the issues of managing and analyzing massive amounts of
data as well as ensuring data security. The fourth industrial revolution
of the 21st century is referred to as Industry 4.0. It enables businesses
to develop "smarter" products and services by cutting costs and boost-
ing efficiency. The human element is essential to the application, and
the work is based on previous research in the field [4]. The authors dis-
cussed Industry 4.0, including its objectives and applications, as well
as the obstacles that stand in the way of its widespread adoption. The
difficulties and impediments, as well as potential solutions, were dis-
cussed by the authors. The fourth industrial revolution, often known as
"Industry 4.0," introduces new technologies that make it easier to inte-
grate and computerize manufacturing processes [24]. The goal of the
paper [25] was to conduct a study of how the components that make
up Industry 4.0 successfully affect the manufacturing sector. The paper
also reviewed the additive manufacturing techniques that make Indus-
try 4.0 possible in real-time. This paper also assisted in gaining a better
understanding of Industry 4.0 and the components that make it up, such
as the IoT, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), big data, and additive manu-
facturing [25]. The purpose of the paper [26] was to demonstrate that
an understanding of Internet technology, as well as the web and mobile
M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al.
Fig. 2. Development of product quality models.
platforms that are components of the electronic commerce infrastruc-
ture, is necessary for the successful operation of the idea of electronic
commerce in an era in which daily changes occur on a global scale. The
authors chose to investigate the Internet as a platform for moving trade
to the digital network, on the one hand, and as a basis for the devel-
opment of new trade models, better known in theory and practice as
virtual trade, or e-commerce, on the other hand [26].
3. Proposed system
The primary objective of this research is to illustrate product qual-
ity based on customer behavior by assigning threshold values to online
customer reviews. As lots of products are available on online portals/e-
55
Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61
Fig. 1. Block diagram for development of quality prediction
model.
Table 1
Performance metrics.
Performance Metrics Metrics
𝑇 𝑃 +𝑇 𝑁
Accuracy 𝑇 𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠
𝑇𝑃
Recall (𝑇 𝑃 +𝐹 𝑁 )
𝑇𝑃
Rating Precision (𝑇 𝑃 +𝐹 𝑃 )
𝑇𝑃
F-1 Score
𝑇 𝑃 + 12 (𝐹 𝑃 +𝐹 𝑁 )
commerce websites, it is difficult for customers to decide on a good prod-
uct based on its quality [27]. For this problem, e-commerce websites in-
troduced a feature that provides ratings and feedback for the products
they bought. Despite this feature, many potential customers are unable
to select a good quality product easily due to a huge chunk of rating data
available on various online portals, analysis, and viewing of which is a
challenge [28,29]. The real-time dataset in the form of customer reviews
and feedback used in the work was extracted from Flipkart and Ama-
zon using .net and Model-View-Controller (MVC) technology. In this
work, numerical ratings are provided on a scale of 1 to 5 to the col-
lected dataset (customer reviews) of online available products, where
1 illustrates the worst quality of the product and 5 is the best. Then
the dataset is divided into two categories as training and testing data.
Further, this rating-based dataset is analyzed using machine learning
algorithms viz Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neigh-
bours, Random Forest, and Random Tree for the development of pre-
diction models. Hence, the prediction of the product’s quality is purely
based on customer ratings, and feedback data; the performance metrics
for the results of the models are shown in Table 1 and the complete
methodology for the development of models is shown in Fig. 1.
Evidently, customers always remain curious about the quality of the
product, hence the proposed developed models will be very helpful to
decide on the selection of available products on e-commerce portals. The
proposed models were developed on the collected datasets of three cat-
egories viz Mobile dataset, Books dataset, and Health equipment dataset
as shown in Fig. 2. Customer service is also an important aspect when
deciding on a product.
The complete description and stages for the development of the Qual-
ity prediction model are given below:
M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al. Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61

Table 2
Rating-based product encoding.

Before Encoding After Encoding

Product Quality Rating Range

Excellent 4≤E≤5
Good 3 ≤ G ≤ 3.9
Fair 2 ≤ F ≤ 2.9
Poor 0 ≤ P ≤ 1.9

Fig. 4. Histogram of the mobile dataset.

Fig. 3. Count plot of product quality.

(i). Data Collection

In the first stage, the data was extracted from Flipkart and Ama-
zon through the .Net using MVC technology. Thereafter, the dataset is
divided into training and testing for the development of the product’s
quality prediction model.

(ii). Selection and Description of Performance Metrics

The performance metrics on which the developed models were com-

pared are listed in Table 1.

(iii). Product Reviews and Feedbacks Encoding

The quality of the product is analyzed from the extracted dataset and
encoded into numerical values on a scale of 1 to 5, as shown in Table 2.
Fig. 5. Correlation among different attributes.
4. Results and discussion

The product quality prediction models were developed using ma-

chine learning techniques on the datasets extracted from Flipkart and
Amazon. Three types of datasets were collected (Mobile Phones, Health
Equipment, and Books) from the e-commerce portals. The results of
the developed models using machine learning techniques on different
datasets are given below.
4.1. Mobile dataset
The mobile dataset is the first category of collected data used for
the development of Product Quality Prediction Models. The histogram
of the product ratings and reviews in terms of the category instead of
quantitative variables defines the count of product quality factors and
is shown in Fig. 3.
Each attribute of the mobile dataset is represented by Histogram,
as shown in Fig. 4. The average rating attribute ranges from 0 to 35,
with the majority of average rating values falling between 0 and 50.
The attribute value varies from 0 to 80 in the Mobile dataset. Similarly,
the seller Name attribute displays data dispersion from 0 to 25 with a
range of values from 0 to 150. Another attribute of a Mobile dataset is
product quality which shows different quality values from 0 to 3. The
seller’s rating attribute value ranges from 0 to 30 and the highest rating
is 30.
The Scatter plot shows the correlation among different attributes of
the Mobile dataset as shown in Fig. 5. It is depicted that the attribute
seller rating is positively correlated to the overall review and is not re-
lated to other attributes of the dataset as seen in Fig. 5. This means that
if the value of an attribute’s overall rating increases, then the value of
the overall review attribute will also increase. Similarly, the attributes’
overall review is positively related to the overall rating and the rest of
the attributes are not correlated to each other.
4.1a. Implementation of Naïve Bayes, SVM, k-NN, Random Forest,
and Random Tree Algorithm on Mobile Dataset
The mobile dataset is analyzed using the said machine learning tech-
niques and results are depicted in Table 3 on the given performance
metrics. The accuracy of the Naïve Bayes algorithm, Support Vector
Machine, k-Nearest Neighbours, Random Forest, and Random Tree are
39.86%, 78.37%, 65.54%, 76.35%, and 68.91% respectively and the F-
1 score of Naïve Bayes algorithm, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest
Neighbours, Random Forest, and Random Tree are 0.39, 0.78, 0.65,
0.76, and 0.68 respectively. Tables 4, 5

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M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al. Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61

Fig. 6. Histogram of product quality.

Fig. 7. Histogram of health equipment dataset.

Table 3 Table 5
Results of NB, SVM, k-NN, RF, RT on a mobile dataset. Results of NB, SVM, k-NN, RF, RT on Book Dataset.

Algorithms Precision Recall F-1 Score Accuracy (%) Algorithms Precision Recall F1 Score Accuracy%

Naïve Bayes 0.42 0.40 0.39 39.86 Naïve Bayes 0.48 0.51 0.43 50.69
Support Vector Machine 0.80 0.78 0.78 78.37 Support Vector Machine 0.81 0.79 0.79 79.26
k-Nearest Neighbours 0.66 0.66 0.65 65.54 k-Nearest Neighbours 0.42 0.53 0.47 53.45
Random Forest 0.77 0.76 0.76 76.35 Random Forest 0.87 0.85 0.85 84.79
Random Tree 0.70 0.69 0.68 68.91 Random Tree 0.85 0.82 0.82 82.48

Table 4
Results of NB, SVM, k-NN, RF, RT on Health Equipment Dataset.
shown in Fig. 6 and the attributes relationships of the dataset similar to
Algorithms Precision Recall F-1 Score Accuracy%
the mobile dataset are shown in Fig. 7.
Naïve Bayes 0.33 0.34 0.33 33.78 The histogram representation of each attribute of the dataset cor-
Support Vector Machine 0.98 0.97 0.97 97.29 relating to different attributes is shown in Fig. 8. The average rating
k-Nearest Neighbours 0.37 0.41 0.34 40.54
attribute range values are from 0 to 25, however, most of the average
Random Forest 0.95 0.95 0.95 94.59
Random Tree 0.96 0.95 0.95 95.27 rating values fall between 0 and 60. Some attributes of Health Equip-
ment range from 0 to 100. Similarly, the seller’s name attribute shows
the dispersion of data from 0 to 20 with diverse values between 0and60.
Another attribute of the health equipment dataset is product quality
4.2. Health equipment dataset which shows different quality values from 0 to 3. Seller rating attribute
value ranges from 0 to 17.5 and the highest rating is 17.5.
This section give the description of the histogram of the health equip- 4.2a. Implementation of NaïveBayes, SVM, k-NN, Random Forest,
ment dataset collected from online portals for product review rating is and Random Tree Algorithm on Health Equipment Dataset

57
M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al.
This section describes the analysis of the Health equipment dataset
using the said machine learning approaches. The accuracy of the Naïve
Bayes algorithm, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbours, Ran-
dom Forest, and Random Tree are 33.78%, 97.29%, 40.54, 94.59, and
95.27% respectively and F-1score of Naïve Bayes algorithm, Support
Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbours, Random Forest, and Random
Tree are 0.33, 0.97, 0.34, 0.95, and 0.95 respectively.
4.3. Book dataset
The Book Dataset is the third category of a collected dataset from
the e-commerce portals. The histogram of the product quality in terms
of product rating and reviews of the dataset is shown in Fig. 9 and the
histogram for attributes of the book dataset is shown in Fig. 10.
Each attribute of the Book dataset is represented by Histogram, as
shown in Fig. 10. The average rating attribute ranges from 0 to 35, with
the majority of average rating values falling between 0 and 200. The
attribute value varies from 0 to 150 in the Book dataset. Similarly, the
seller Name attribute displays data dispersion from 0 to 17.5 with di-
verse values from 0 to 500. Another attribute of the Book dataset is
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Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61
Fig. 8. Health Equipment correlation among different attributes.
Fig. 9. Histogram of product quality.
product quality which shows different quality values from 0 to 3. The
seller’s rating attribute value ranges from 0 to 12 and the highest rating
is 12.
The scatter plot shown in Fig. 11 is the correlation among differ-
ent attributes of the books’ dataset. From the figure, we can derive that
the attribute seller rating is positively correlated to the overall review
and is not related to other attributes. This means that if the value of an
attribute’s overall rating increases, then the value of the overall review
attribute will be increased. Similarly, the attribute overall review is pos-
itively related to the overall rating and the rest of the attributes are not
correlated to each other.
4.3a. Implementation of Naïve Bayes, SVM, k-NN, Random Forest,
and Random Tree Algorithm on Book Dataset
The results of the analysis of the Book dataset using machine learn-
ing techniques are depicted in this section. The accuracy of the Naïve
Bayes algorithm, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbours, Ran-
dom Forest, and Random Tree are 50.69%, 79.26%, 53.45%, 84.79%,
and 82.48% respectively and the F-1 score of Naïve Bayes algorithm,
Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neighbours, Random Forest, and
Random Tree are 0.43, 0.79, 0.47, 0.85, and 0.82 respectively.
M. Ahsan, K. Ahmad, J. Ahamed et al. Sustainable Operations and Computers 4 (2023) 53–61

Fig. 10. Histogram of book dataset.

Fig. 11. Correlation among different attributes

of the Books Dataset.

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Table 6
Performance of the developed Models.

Dataset Accuracy

Naïve Bayes SVM K-NN Random Forest Random Tree

Mobile 39.86 78.37 65.54 76.35 68.91

Health Equipment 33.78 97.29 40.54 94.59 95.27
Book 50.69 79.26 53.45 84.79 82.48

Fig. 12. Comparative Result of NV, SVM, k-NN, RF, RT

on Different Datasets.

4.4. Comparison of the entire developed model on three datasets
This section describes the performance comparison of the different
developed models for the three collected online datasets. Table 6 depicts
the average Performance in terms of accuracy of the developed Naïve
Bayes, SVM, k-NN, random forest, and random tree models on three
datasets viz Mobile, Health Equipment, and Book.
On the Mobile Dataset, the Health Equipment Dataset, and the Books
Dataset, we compared the performance results of Nave Bayes, SVM,
K-NN, random forest, and random tree method. As can be shown in
Table 6 and Fig. 12, the random forest technique has a higher average
accuracy than Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, k-Nearest Neigh-
bors, and Random Tree.
5. Conclusion, future work, and limitations
Everyone in today’s society is concerned about the quality of the
products they intend to purchase online. Using three distinct datasets,
we developed machine learning models to evaluate the quality of online
items. In this paper, a data extractor developed in DOT NET is used to ex-
tract three datasets from Flipkart and Amazon: healthcare supplies, mo-
bile phones, and books. After preprocessing, the datasets are analyzed
with the Naive Bayes, SVM, k-NN, Random Forest, and Random tree
algorithms. With an accuracy of 78.37 percent on the Mobile Dataset,
the Support Vector Machine algorithm outperformed the Nave Bayes al-
gorithm, k-Nearest Neighbors, Random Forest, and Random Tree. Fur-
ther, with an accuracy of 97.29 percent, the Support Vector Machine al-
gorithm outperformed the Nave Bayes algorithm, k-Nearest Neighbors,
Random Forest, and Random Tree on the Health Equipment Dataset.
Furthermore, with an accuracy of 84.79 percent, the Random Forest al-
gorithm outperformed the Nave Bayes algorithm, k-Nearest Neighbors,
SVM, and Random Tree on the Book Dataset. Random Forest, with an av-
erage accuracy of 85.24 percent, outperforms the Nave Bayes algorithm,
k-Nearest Neighbors, SVM, and Random Tree. This research applies to
a wider variety of available datasets from different e-commerce portals
and the diverse datasets can be extracted from various e-commerce web-
sites in order to assess the quality of the supplied products. However,
the proposed system is limited to the datasets available in a particular
language and needs to have precise inputs.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial
interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence
the work reported in this paper.
Acknowledgement
This work is an outcome of a collaboration between Maulana
Azad National Urdu University and the National Defence Uni-
versity of Malaysia which is funded through its internal grant
UPNM/2023/SF/TK/1.
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