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Lillian Copeland
Lillian Copeland
Lillian Copeland
Olympic Games
1928 Amsterdam
Discus throw
Maccabiah Games
Lillian Copeland (née Drossin; November 24, 1904 – July 7, 1964) was an American
track and field Olympic champion athlete, who excelled in discus, javelin throwing,
and shot put, setting multiple world records. She has been called "the most
successful female discus thrower in U.S. history".[3] She also held multiple titles
in shot put and javelin throwing. She won a silver medal in discus at the 1928
Summer Olympics, a gold medal in discus at the 1932 Summer Olympics, and gold
medals in discus, javelin, and shot put at the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Mandatory
Palestine.
In 1928, The New York Times reported that Copeland was "considered by many the all
around best woman athlete in the country."[4] Until the 2008 Beijing Games 74 years
after she became an Olympic champion, she was the only American woman to win the
discus throw at a modern Olympics.[5][6] She has been inducted into the USATF Hall
of Fame, the Helms Athletic Hall of Fame, the International Jewish Sports Hall of
Fame, and the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame.
Athletic career[edit]
Copeland competed during the formative decades of women's competition in track and
field. Consequently, her accomplishments are not fully reflected by the two
Olympic medals she won in the discus throw. She competed first for the Pasadena
Athletic and Country Club beginning in 1925, and from 1931 on for the Los Angeles
Athletic Club.[11][13][14] She also competed in running; in 1928 she was part of a
women's relay team that set the US record in the quarter-mile.[16] One of the track
& field events in which she competed, which is no longer contested, was the
baseball throw, in which she was second in the nation in 1926.[11] She won nine
Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) championships between 1925 and 1932.[17][5] A feature
article in the May 18, 1926, Pasadena Post noted that she "with all of her athletic
prowess ... is very ... feminine in her conduct."[11]
She excelled in all throwing events. She won the AAU shot put championships 5 times
(1924–28, 1931). She also won the AAU discus throw title in 1926 (a year in which
she set the world record; she began competing in discus because the shot put was
not yet an Olympic event)[10] and 1927, and set a new world record in the discus
throw at the 1938 Olympic trials.[10] In addition, she won the AAU javelin throw
title in 1926 (setting a world record)[13] and 1931. In the javelin, she broke the
world record three times in 1926 and 1927. Between 1928 and 1931, she took a hiatus
from competing, to focus on her law school studies.[13][5]
In 1928, The New York Times reported that Copeland was "considered by many the all
around best woman athlete in the country."[4] Both Great Athletes in Olympic
Sports (Salem Press; 2010), by Kjetil André Aamodt and Laura Flessel-Colovic, and
the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame report that she set the world record
six times each in shot put, javelin, and discus from 1925–32.[5][15][18]
Olympics[edit]
1928 Olympics[edit]
Copeland throwing the discus at the 1928 Summer Olympics
The 1928 Summer Olympics were the first Olympics to include women's track and field
events.[14] In weight throwing Copeland could only compete in the discus throw,
because the javelin throw and shot put were not yet on the program (they would
follow in 1932 and 1948, respectively).[14]
She set a new world record in the discus throw at the Olympic trials, at 115 feet,
8.5 inches.[5]
Prior to the Olympiad, in February 1928 she ran the lead leg in the 440-yard
(400 m) relay in the 1928 Olympic trials.[17][10] In so doing, she helped the US
Women's team set a new record in the event of 50.0 seconds, and actually qualified
for the Olympics in that event. Sources disagree, however, whether it was a
world[15] or US national record.
Once she arrived in Amsterdam, however, she only competed in the discus throw at
the 1928 Olympics, where she finished second to Poland's Halina Konopacka, winning
a silver medal. Inasmuch as it was the first time the event had been held, she was
the sport's first Olympic silver medalist.[19] Two weeks later, at a competition in
Brussels, Belgium, she set a new world record in the shot put.[12]
Returning to America, she attended and ultimately graduated from the University of
Southern California Law School, and became less focused on sports for a number of
years.[15][20] Nevertheless, Copeland qualified for the US 1932 Olympic team for
the discus throw.[17][10]
1932 Olympics[edit]
Training for the 1932 Summer Olympics
She competed in her home town in the 1932 Summer Olympics after beating out Babe
Didrikson to qualify, and won the gold medal in the discus with her last throw.[17]
A Los Angeles Record reporter wrote: "Confident, calm and perfectly poised, [she]
made a perfect throw."[10] In doing so she also set a new Olympic record.[10] That
throw of 133.16 feet (40.59 m) was also a new world record.[15] The 27-year-old
Copeland was at the time the oldest American woman to have won an Olympic gold
medal in a track & field event.[17]
The shot put, which she excelled in, was not included in the women's events at the
Olympic Games until 1948, depriving her of a chance to compete in it for additional
Olympic medals.[17]
1936 Olympics[edit]
Although she had begun preparations to defend her Los Angeles gold medal at the
1936 Berlin Games in Nazi Germany, and was invited to compete for the United States
at the Games, she ultimately chose to boycott them.[5][18] Her plans to boycott the
1936 Olympic Games arose in 1933, just as the Nazi Party was obtaining more power.
[21] She was one of 24 former U.S. Olympic champions who petitioned the
International Olympic Committee (IOC) in 1933 to move the Games from Germany.[14]
Copeland suggested that the situation of Nazi Germany was serious enough to warrant
a change in location for the 1936 Olympics. She supported a reputed idea to
substitute the location of the 1936 Games to Tokyo instead of Germany. [21]As a
Jew, she was strongly opposed to Adolf Hitler's edict barring Jews from the German
Olympic team.[3] She accused International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Avery
Brundage of "deliberately concealing the truth" about Hitler and Nazi Germany.[9]
She also argued that Brundage had little respect for the harmful effects of Nazi
Germany's intense regime on members of the Jewish community. Copeland raised
awareness on the danger of ignoring religious and racial hatred perpetrated by Nazi
Germany. She wanted people to know that the racial discrimination encouraged by
members of Nazi Germany should not be overlooked, even in sports. The boycott
movement fell through, however, and the 1936 Games proceeded in Germany.[21]
Maccabiah Games[edit]
Copeland competed at the 1935 Maccabiah Games in Tel Aviv in Mandatory Palestine.
[10] There, she won the gold medals in her three events, the shot put, the javelin,
and the discus throw.[22][10]
Halls of fame[edit]
In view of her contributions to women's track and field, she was made a member of
the USA Track & Field Hall of Fame, the Helms Athletic Hall of Fame, the
International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame (1980), the Woman’s Track and Field Hall
of Fame, and the Los Angeles High School Sports Hall of Fame (2010).[15][10][11]
[23] In 1990 she was inducted into the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of
Fame.[24]
Later career[edit]
Copeland joined the Los Angeles Sheriff's Department in 1936, and worked there
until she retired in 1960. At the Sheriff's Department, she worked in the Lennox
and Firestone Juvenile divisions.[10][1][15][25]
She died on July 7, 1964, in Los Angeles, at 59 years of age at Sunset Hospital
after a lengthy illness.[25][10][26] At the time of her death, she was one of only
eight American women to have won an Olympic gold medal.[11]
See also[edit]
List of Jews in track and field
List of Olympic medalists in athletics (women)
List of USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships winners
References[edit]
^ a b Crumpacker, John (August 19, 2008). "US women's 1st discus gold since '32".
San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved August 19, 2008.
^ a b Bryan Field (April 1, 1928). "Olympic Tryouts for Women July 4 – City Stadium
in Newark Is Picked for Finals in the National Trials – Other Meet Dates Set –
Junior and Senior Metropolitan Championships June 3 and 9 –- Test at Yankee Stadium
June 16". The New York Times.
^ "U.S. hopes hatch from 'golden egg'". Yahoo! Sports. August 18, 2008. Retrieved
August 18, 2008.
^ "210 Cited for Work in Jewish Who's Who – Publication Lists Those Who Made Noted
Achievements in Many Fields During 1932". The New York Times. December 2, 1932.
^ Rafer Johnson (2010). Great Athletes. Vol. 5. Salem Press. ISBN 978-1587654879.
^ a b Sheldon Anderson (2017). The Forgotten Legacy of Stella Walsh; The Greatest
Female Athlete of Her Time
^ a b "Miss Copeland Sets Mark inShot-Put – Breaks World's Record and Also Wins Two
Other Events in International Meet – American Girls Triumph – Take Four First
Places Out of Nine at Brussels – Miss Washburn Is Victor". The New York Times.
August 13, 1928.
^ a b c d e Ph.D, Fran Becque (March 28, 2019). "Lillian Copeland, Alpha Epsilon
Phi, #NotableSororityWomen, #WHM2019".
^ "World Relay Mark Is Set on Coast – Quarter-Mile Mark of 0:42 Lowered to 0:42 3-5
by Southern California Quartet – Charlie Borah Is Beaten – Loses to Draper in Close
Finish is100-Yard Dash and A.A.U. Meet in Los Angeles". The New York Times.
^ Gwynedd Stuart (August 12, 2016). "A Brief History of L.A. Women Kicking Ass at
the Olympics," LA Weekly.
^ a b c Soifer, Paul (2005). "Lillian Copeland Speaks Out On The Olympics: Los
Angeles 1932, Berlin 1936". Western States Jewish History. 30 (8): 3–16.
^ "HOFFMAN IS SECOND IN MACCABIAH SPRINT; Coates, New York Team-Mate Sixth in 200
at Tel-Aviv -- Miss Koff Triumphs". The New York Times. April 5, 1935.
^ "Los Angeles High School Sports Hall of Fame: Inaugural class," The Los Angeles
Times, February 3, 2010.
^ "Lillian Copeland; Track & Field -- 1990". Southern California Jewish Sports Hall
of Fame.
^ a b "US Olympic Star Copeland Dies at 60", Los Angeles Times, Los Angeles,
California, pg. 38, 8 July 1964
^ "Lillian Copeland, 59, Dies". The New York Times. July 8, 1964.
External links[edit]