Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Elantas Beck
Elantas Beck
Sales
Operating Profit
Other Income
Interest
Tax%
You may read more about the Profit and Loss statement analysis in the following article:
Share Capital
Cash+Investments
FCF/CFO
You may read more about the Free Cash Flow analysis in the following articles:
Trade Receivables
Inventory
PBT/Avg. NFA (<10%,>25%)
You may read more about the assessment of operating efficiency of a company in the following article:
Mcap
Cost of funds
You may read more about the Balance Sheet Analysis of a Company in the following article:
You may read more about the Cash Flow Statement Analysis of a Company in the following articles:
You may read more about the wealth creation ability and other parameters for assessment of management quality in the fo
Costs as a percentage of Sa
Raw Material
Other Expenses
Growth Trends
Sales Growth
OPM
PAT Growth
Avg. PE
Div Growth
Debt
Book Value
CMP
P/E
P/B
P/E*P/B
Div Yield
Market Cap
Higher the sales growth the better. However, very high growth rates in
excess of 35-50% are usually unsustainable
Focus on the trend of OPM over the years. If OPM has been fluctuating a
lot over the years in a cyclical manner, then it means that the company
does not have pricing power over its customers and is not able to pass on
increase in raw material costs to them.
Compare other income with the cash + Investments held by the company. If
the non operating income is not equal to atleast the bank FD return on the
cash + investments, then the investor should analyse it deeper to see where
the cash has been invested by the company, which is not yielding atleast
bank FD return.
Do not get influenced by a low interest expense. Always try to find out
whether company has been capitalizing the interest cost. Simple method is
to multiply total debt with an assumed interest rate and then find out the
total interest outgo as has been explained in the calculation of interest
coverage below.
Tax payout ratio should be near the standard corporate tax rate in India i.e.
about 30-33%. If the tax payout ratio is low, then invetsor should try to find
out if the company has any tax incentives like a unit operating out of special
economic zone (SEZ) etc.
Higher the PAT growth rate the better.
Higher the NPM the better.
An investor should always compare Capex with CFO to see whether the
company is able to fund its capital expansion through its operating cash
flow
Companies that show high sales growth without much capex have the
potential of turning out to be good investments.
Free cash flow is the most important parameter of the company analysis. It
is like the discretionary surplus that the company makes, which can be
distributed to reward the shareholders.
Debt represents the excess funds used by the company than what it is
generating from its operations. It is like living beyond your means.
Increase in share captial over the years, which is not due to bonus shares,
represents dilution of stake of existing shareholders.
Very high cash levels in companies, which do not payout dividends should
be looked with caution. It might be that the cash shown on the balance
sheet is fictitious.
Free Cash Flow to Equity (FCFE): Higher the FCFE, the better.
The interpretation is same as FCF (Free Cash Flow) shared above in terms of
availability of surplus cash with the company after meeting captial
expenditure. FCFE is more stringent than FCF as in addition to deducting
Capex, it also deducts interest payment from CFO
A decline in debt over the years is better
Companies with good cash generation over the years will witness their total
debt decline over the years whereas the companies, which rely on debt to
fund their growth, will witness the total debt increase over the years
Very high cash levels in companies, which do not payout dividends should
be looked with caution. It might be that the cash shown on the balance
sheet is fictitious.
Ideally the FCF generated by the company should be more or less similar
to the sum of dividends paid out and the cash+investments held. If there
is a significant difference in FCF and Div+cash+Investment, then the
investor should do further analysis to see the usage/sources of cash
Higher the proportion of Free Cash Flow out of Cash Flow from Operations,
the better.
However, always be cautious with the companies with high ROE and high
Debt/Equity.
In such companies high leverage is the reason for high ROE, which is not
sustainable
High NFAT represents that the company is able to use its fixed assets in a
very efficient manner (many a times, due to the nature of its business) and
does not require to do a lot of capex)
Lower the receivables days, the better. It means that the company is not
giving higher credit period to customers to generate sales.
In case of fictitious sales where cash is not received from customers, the
company will see increasing receivables days.
Higher the inventory turhover ratio, the better.
In the extreme cases, the inventory being shown might be fictitious and
may be an indicator of underlying fraud.
Lower the working capital days, the better for the company
Increase in NFA means that the company has done capacity addition, which
should lead to higher sales/income in future.
its good if the dividend payout ratio is constant or improving. It means that
the company follows:
Very high cash levels in companies, which do not payout dividends should
be looked with caution. It might be that the cash shown on the balance
sheet is fictitious.
Debt represents the excess funds used by the company than what it is
generating from its operations. It is like living beyond your means.
Compare the increase in equity with the retained earnings for the year.
They should ideally be the same.
However, more than the debt to equity ratio, it is important to check the
debt serviceability by way of interest coverage and FCF.
There have been cases where the company had low debt to equity ratio,
but still faced financial stress as the operating profit & cash was not
sufficient to meet debt obligations.
If higher outflow in CFI, then read the annual report to find out whether the
same is for capex or other investments
Contains debt repayments, interest payments, dividend payments
net cash made/consumed by the company in a year.
Very high cash levels in companies, which do not payout dividends should
be looked with caution. It might be that the cash shown on the balance
sheet is fictitious.
lth creation ability and other parameters for assessment of management quality in the following article:
Growth Trends
Higher the sales growth the better. However, very high growth rates in
excess of 35-50% are usually unsustainable
Focus on the trend of OPM over the years. If OPM has been fluctuating a
lot over the years in a cyclical manner, then it means that the company
does not have pricing power over its customers and is not able to pass on
increase in raw material costs to them.
if the company generates positive FCF, then Higher the dividend growth
rate, the better
If FCF is negative, then the dividend is funded by debt and the investor
should not take any comfort of such dividend growth rate.
Debt represents the excess funds used by the company than what it is
generating from its operations. It is like living beyond your means.
Higher the increase in book value over the years, the better.
Ignore the absolute level of current market price. It does not matter
whether the current price is INR 10 or INR 10,000/-.
if the company generates positive FCF, then Higher the dividend yield, the
better
If FCF is negative, then the dividend is funded by debt and the investor
should not take any comfort of such dividend yield.
tatement Analysis
Represents the operating income for the company in a given financial year.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where sales increased from previous year as "Green" and
years where sales decreased from previous year as "Red"
It represents EBITDA - Non Operating Income. EBITDA = Earnings before Interest, Tax, Depreciation &
Amortization.
= Operating Profit/Sales.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where OPM increased from previous year as "Green"
and years where OPM decreased from previous year as "Red"
=Tax/Sales. Represents the tax payout of the company for the financial year.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where Tax % is >29.5% as "Green" and years where Tax
% is <29.5% as "Red"
Represents the net profit reported by the company for the financial year
=PAT/Sales.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where NPM increased from previous year as "Green" and
years where NPM decreased from previous year as "Red"
Flow Analysis
Represents the CFO for the financial year as reported by the company in its cash flow statements.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where CFO is greater than PAT as "Green" and years
where CFO is less than PAT as "Red"
Represents the capital expenditure done by the company in a financial year. Capex = Depreciation +
Increase in (NFA+CWIP) over the year.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where Capex is less than CFO as "Green" and years
where Capex is higher than CFO as "Red"
FCF=CFO - Capex.
Represents the total debt of the company at the financial year ending date.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where total debt decreased from previous year as
"Green" and years where total debt increased from previous year as "Red"
Represents the issued and paid up share capital of the company at the end of financial year. Capital
increases due to either by raising further equity by the company or by issuance of bonus shares. Capital
is decreased in cases of share buyback by the company.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where Share Capital decreased from previous year as
"Green" and years where Share Capital increased from previous year as "Red"
Represents the dividend paid by the company in a financial year. The dividend shown here does not
include the dividend distribution tax (DDT).
The conditional formatting highlights the years where Dividend increased from previous year as "Green"
and years where Dividend decreased from previous year as "Red"
=Cash & equivalesnt + Current Investments + Non Current Investments held by the company at the end
of the financial years
The formula assumes the deduction of all interest payments for the company as the capitalized interest
is deducted as a part of Capex and the non-capitalized interest is deducted as interest expense from P&L
Represents total dividend paid by the company over last 10 years
If the total debt has decreased over last 10 years, then this cell will be highlighted as "Green". If the
total debt has increased in last 10 years, then the cell will be highlighted "Red"
Represents the cash & equivalents + Current Investment + Non Current Investment held by the
company at the end of latest financial year
Represents the proportion of CFO, which has become available as free cash flow (FCF) to the
shareholders in last 10 years.
Higher proportion of CFO becoming available as FCF indicates low capex requirements, which is a
feature to identify cash cows.
=Cost of funds*(average of total debt at the start and end of the financial year).
The interest outgo, calculated on total debt, takes care of the interest that has been capitalized by the
company and therefore, has not been shown as interest expense in the P&L statement.
Represents the debt-free self sustainable growth rate potential of a company. It has been observed that
companies growing at a higher rate than SSGR are using more resources than their inherent operations
can produce and therefore, witness increasing debt levels. Similarly, the companies that are growing at
a rate less than or equal to SSGR are able to sustain their growth rates without raising debt/see
declining debt levels.
It is to be kept in mind that SSGR does not take into account the funds getting blocked or released from
working capital
shows the total money consumed in or released from trade receivables over last 10 years
shows the total money consumed in or released from inventory over last 10 years
=PBT/average of Net Fixed Assets at the start and the end of the financial year
The conditional formatting highlights the years where PBT/NFA is > 25% as "Green" and years where
PBT/NFA is <10% as "Red". This is to highlight that if a company is not able to earn at least 10% or Bank
FD rate from its fixed assets, then it should ideally sell all its assets and put the amount in a bank fixed
deposit and earn higher return without taking the pains of running a business.
=PAT/average of shareholder's equity at the start and the end of the finanical year.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where ROE is > 25% as "Green" and years where ROE is
<7% as "Red". This is to highlight that if a company is not able to earn at least 7% post tax from its equity
or shareholders' funds, then it should ideally put its entire equity in a bank fixed deposit and earn higher
return without taking the pains of running a business.
=EBIT/average of total assets at the start and the end of the financial year. EBIT = Earnings before
Interest and Tax.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where ROCE is > 35% as "Green" and years where ROCE
is <10% as "Red". This is to highlight that if a company is not able to earn at least 7% pre-tax ROCE from
its assets, then it should ideally put its entire assets in a bank fixed deposit and earn higher return
without taking the pains of running a business.
Represents the incremental returns/profits generated by the earnings retained by the company over
any consecutive three years period. Represents the efficiency of utilization of incremental money being
deployed by the company management in its operations.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where incremental ROE increased from the previous
period as "Green" and years where incremental ROE decreased from previous years as "Red"
Efficiency Ratios
=Sales/average of net fixed assets at the start and end of a financial year.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where NFAT increased from previous year as "Green"
and years where NFAT decreased from previous year as "Red"
=365/(Sales/average of account receivables at the start and end of the financial year)
The conditional formatting highlights the years where receivables days decreased from previous year as
"Green" and years where receivables days increased from previous year as "Red"
=Sales/average of inventory at the start and the end of the financial year
The conditional formatting highlights the years where inventory turnover increased from previous year
as "Green" and years where invenotry turnover decreased from previous year as "Red"
The formula calculates working capital days as a sum of receivables days and inventory days. It does not
take into account payables days as otherwise companies can easily mask poor working capital position
by delaying the payment to suppliers/vendors.
The conditional formating highlights the cells in which working capital days have decreased (i.e.
improved) over previous year as "Green" and the cells in which the working capital days have increased
(i.e. deteriorated) over previous year as "Red"
Sheet Analysis
Represents the net fixed assets of the company after factoring in the accumulated depreciation at the
end of a financial year
Represents the capital work in progress (CWIP) of the company at the end of a financial year. CWIP
usually shows the projects under execution by the company. Once the projects get completed and
become operational, they are shifted from CWIP to the fixed assets (NFA).
Represents the dividend paid by the company in a financial year. The dividend shown here does not
include the dividend distribution tax (DDT).
The conditional formatting highlights the years where Dividend increased from previous year as "Green"
and years where Dividend decreased from previous year as "Red"
This criteria helps in identification of any stable dividend payout policy, if it is being followed by the
company for paying dividend year on year
Cumulative retained earnings of last 10 years are compared with the increase in market capitalization of
the company over last 10 years to see whether the company has created atleast equal wealth for its
shareholders than the earnings that has been retained by it over last 10 years. It helps in identifying
companies which have generated wealth for shareholders from those companies which have destroyed
wealth for shareholders.
= Share market price/earnings per share for the period
P/E ratio is an important criteria to arrive at valuation levels of any company's stock
Represents the market capitalization of a company for the financial year. The share price taken here is
the average price for the month of april of each financial year.
Represents the cash & equivalents + Current Investment + Non Current Investment held by the
company at the end of latest financial year
Represents the total debt of the company at the financial year ending date.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where total debt decreased from previous year as
"Green" and years where total debt increased from previous year as "Red"
Represents the total shareholders' funds invested in the company at the end of financial year. It
includes paid up capital and reserves including retained earnings.
It represents the extent of leverage that a company has in its capital structure. Higher D/E ratio
represents high leverage and vice versa
It is a manual entry field provided for the investors to put in the assumed cost of debt (Interest rate),
which the investor believes that lenders would be charging to the company for their loans.
The default value is 12%. The investor can change the value to her preference.
=Cost of funds*(average of total debt at the start and end of the financial year).
The interest outgo, calculated on total debt, takes care of the interest that has been capitalized by the
company and therefore, has not been shown as interest expense in the P&L statement.
It represents the servicing ability of the company for the total interest outgo of the company, including
P&L and capitalized interest.
atement Analysis
Represents the CFO for the financial year as reported by the company in its cash flow statements.
The conditional formatting highlights the years where CFO is greater than PAT as "Green" and years
where CFO is less than PAT as "Red"
Represents the CFI for the financial year as reported by the company in its cash flow statements.
Represents the CFF for the financial year as reported by the company in its cash flow statements.
Represents the Net cash inflow/outflow (CFO+CFI+CFF) for the financial year et reported by the
company in its net flow statements.
Represents the net cash & equivalents reported by the company at the end of the financial year.
Please not that Cash & Equivalents shown here does not include Current Investments (usually FDs and
Mutual Funds) and Non Current Investments (Equities, JV etc.) made by the company
tion Assessment
represents the sum of earnings retained and not distributed by the company over last 10 years
Represents the increase in market capitalization of the company since 10 years ago.
Please note that the increase in market capitalization has been taken upto the current date from the
market capitalization of 10 years before as I believe that the current market capitalization rather than
the market capitalization at the end of recent most financial year to be better representative of upto
date wealth generation data.
=Increase in market capitalization since 10 years ago/total retained earnings of last 10 years
it is expected that the company should atleast create a wealth of INR 1 in market capitalization for its
shareholders for every INR 1 of earnings retained by it.
rcentage of Sales
Formula used is (Raw Material Costs - Change in Inventory)/Sales for the year
th Trends
Represents the trend of growth in sales for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years, last 3 years and the
growth in last 12 months over last financial year sales
Assessment of sales growth trend is essential to find out whether the company has been showing
consistent sales growth year on year or it is influenced by very high/low sales growth in any particular
year
Represents the trend of average Operating Profit Margin for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years, last 3
years and the OPM in last 12 months
Represents the trend of growth in net profit after tax (PAT) for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years,
last 3 years and the growth in last 12 months over last financial year PAT
Assessment of PAT growth trend is essential to find out whether the company has been showing
consistent PAT growth year on year or it is influenced by very high/low PAT growth in any particular year
Represents the trend of average Price to Earnings ratio (P/E) for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years,
last 3 years and the OPM in last 12 months
Represents the trend of growth in Dividend for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years and last 3 years
Represents the trend of growth in total debt for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years and last 3 years
Represents the trend of growth in book value per share for last 10 years, last 7 years, last 5 years and
last 3 years
Represents the closing market price of the stock of the company for previous trading day
Represents the latest price to earnings (P/E) ratio based on the current market price and the earnings
per share (EPS) for last 4 quarters/trailing twelve months (TTM). If the data of any of the last 4 quarters
is absent, then the cell would show P/E ratio based on last financial year earnings
The conditional formating highlights the cell as "Green" whenever the latest P/E ratio is less than 10
Represents the latest price to book value (P/B) ratio based on the current market price and the book
value at the end of recent most financial year
The conditional formating highlights the cell as "Red" whenever the P/E*P/B ratio exceeds 22.5, which
is the maximum buy value guided by Benjamin Graham in his book "The Intelligent Investor"
The conditional formatting highlights the cell as "Green" whenever the dividend yield is greater than 4%
Represents latest market capitalization of the company based on the closing price of the previous
trading day
it is a manual entry field, which is provided for the investor to punch in the split/bonus adjusted share
price of the company for the March 31 of the year 10 years back on her own so that she can get the
accurate increase in market capitalization since 10 years ago.
Please note that the default value is "0" and the formula for calculating increase in market capitalization
has been drafted in a manner that if "0" is put in this cell, then the increase in market capitalization is
shown as per the data provided by screener. However, if the investor puts in her value in this cell, then
the sheet will show the incresae in market capitalization as per her share price value.
(₹ Crores/10 Millions) ELANTAS BECK INDIA LTD
Narration Dec-14 Dec-15 Dec-16 Dec-17 Dec-18
YOY SALES GROWTH 1% 6% 5% 7%
Sales 341 344 365 383 409
Operating Profit 42 62 79 78 65
Operating Profit Margin (OPM%) 12% 18% 22% 20% 16%
YOY PROFIT GROWTH 47% 19% -5% -23%
Other Income 8 6 8 9 31
EBITDA 51 68 86 87 96
Interest 0 0 0 0 0
Depreciation 5 6 5 6 7
Profit before tax (PBT) 45 62 81 81 89
Tax 13 20 26 26 23
Tax% 30% 32% 33% 32% 26%
Net profit after tax (PAT) 32 42 54 55 66
Net Profit Margin (NPM%) 9% 12% 15% 14% 16%
Cash from Operating Activity (CFO) 31 46 56 51 33
Capex {(NFA+WIP) change+Dep} 5 2 19 22
FCF 41 54 32 11
FCFE 41 54 32 11
CFO/PAT 1.03 0.90 0.98 1.08 1.99
Net Incm/revenve > 20% moat 9% 12% 15% 14% 16%
Capex/ Net Incm < 25% moat 0% 12% 4% 34% 33%
Intrst/Opearting Incm < 15% moat 1% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Total Debt (D) - - - - -
Share Capital 8 8 8 8 8
Dividend Paid (Div) Without DDT 4 4 4 4 4
Cash + Investments (CI +NCI) 38 76 127 161 184
Trade Receivables 49 56 53 73 84
Inventory 52 51 56 45 51
Invested Capital 46 45 42 55 70
NOPAT 32 42 54 55 66
ROIC 69% 93% 130% 100% 94%
WACC 11% 11% 11% 11% 11%
GROIC 58% 82% 119% 89% 83%
110 103 98 98 99
10 18 19 13 17
4 4 4 4 4
8% 6% 6% 4% 3%
46 58 63 94 133
39.4 35.2 43.4 35.1 48.9
1,953 2,177 2,903 3,435 6,710 8,440
0% 3% 1% 2% 2%
184 244 279 399 574 574
- - - - -
384 442 505 599 732
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0 0 0 0 0
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
P/B 11.5
662 P/E*P/B 675.0
Div Yield 0.0%
589 Market Cap 8,440
149
440 624 Total Retained Earnings (RE) in 10 Yrs (A)
75%
99%
436 7,659 Total increase in Mcap in 10 yrs (B)
38 12.27 Value created per INR of RE (B/A)
-
574 0 Closing share price on March 31, 10 years back
75%
0
99.41
38 Div Growth 1% 1% 2% 0%
Debt
Book Value 21% 19% 17% 18% 22%
Total 10 Yrs
589
(499)
(92)
(2)
FALSE
COMPANY NAME ELANTAS BECK INDIA LTD
LATEST VERSION 2.10 PLEAS
CURRENT VERSION 2.10
META
Number of shares 0.79
Face Value 10.00
Current Price 10,642.75
Market Capitalization 8,439.70
Quarters
Report Date Dec-21 Mar-22 Jun-22 Sep-22
Sales 145.51 156.27 170.92 152.89
Expenses 123.76 126.06 141.29 128.56
Other Income 3.72 4.41 1.17 13.69
Depreciation 3.14 3.04 3.15 3.08
Interest 0.33 0.19
Profit before tax 22.33 31.25 27.65 34.75
Tax 5.73 7.53 7.08 7.74
Net profit 16.60 23.71 20.57 27.01
Operating Profit 21.75 30.21 29.63 24.33
BALANCE SHEET
Report Date Dec-14 Dec-15 Dec-16 Dec-17
Equity Share Capital 7.93 7.93 7.93 7.93
Reserves 127.70 163.78 213.96 269.70
Borrowings
Other Liabilities 56.76 63.88 69.50 70.26
Total 192.39 235.59 291.39 347.89
Net Block 44.85 44.80 36.39 39.70
Capital Work in Progress 1.02 0.23 5.42 15.31
Investments 30.31 64.15 109.44 138.70
Other Assets 116.21 126.41 140.14 154.18
Total 192.39 235.59 291.39 347.89
Receivables 49.49 55.62 53.14 73.13
Inventory 51.54 50.65 56.21 44.89
Cash & Bank 7.44 11.68 17.21 21.95
No. of Equity Shares 7,927,682.00 7,927,682.00 7,927,682.00 7,927,682.00
New Bonus Shares
Face value 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00
CASH FLOW:
Report Date Dec-14 Dec-15 Dec-16 Dec-17
Cash from Operating Activity 30.62 46.38 55.86 50.83
Cash from Investing Activity 18.63 -41.87 -50.54 -44.62
Cash from Financing Activity -50.97 -4.45 -5.01 -4.51
Net Cash Flow -1.72 0.06 0.31 1.70
DERIVED:
Adjusted Equity Shares in Cr 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79
PLEASE DO NOT MAKE ANY CHANGES TO THIS SHEET