Fashion

assignment
 Name : Krisha Niraj Patel
School : AIBAS
Course : BSC Clinical psychology
Section : C
Enrollment no. : A7024072255
Roll no. : PSYBSCC2255
Embroidered:
Embroidered fabrics are truly captivating. They
showcase intricate designs and patterns created with
needle and thread. From the delicate Chikankari to the
vibrant Phulkari, each stitch tells a story. Embroidery
adds a touch of artistry and elegance to clothing and
textiles. It's a beautiful way to celebrate craftsmanship
and cultural traditions.
1) Chikankari:

Chikankari is a traditional embroidery style from

Lucknow, India. It involves delicate white
threadwork on fabrics like cotton and muslin,
creating intricate patterns and motifs. It's known for
its elegance and grace
motifs :
Chikankari is an intricate embroidery technique from
Lucknow, India, known for its delicate motifs, including
paisleys, florals, and vines.

colours used:

The colors used are typically soft pastels like white,

cream, or pastel shades, though modern adaptations
may incorporate bolder hues.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
The embroidery is done with a fine needle and untwisted white
cotton thread on lightweight fabrics like muslin, chiffon, or silk.

product:
Traditional Chikankari products include sarees, kurtas, dupattas, and
even home decor items like tablecloths and cushion covers. Modern
adaptations include fusion wear like Chikankari dresses, tops, and
jackets, blending traditional embroidery with contemporary
silhouettes.
Designers work
One renowned designer who has worked extensively with
Chikankari is Manish Malhotra. In 2018, he showcased a
collection featuring Chikankari embroidery at Lakme
Fashion Week, blending it with modern cuts and styles to
create stunning ensembles.
2) Kantha:
Kantha embroidery originates from West Bengal,
India, and Bangladesh. It involves simple running
stitches in different patterns and designs, often
used to create beautiful quilts, blankets, or
garments. The stitches give a unique texture and
charm to the fabric.
motifs :
Common motifs include animals, birds, flowers, and
geometric shapes, often reflecting nature and everyday
life scenes.

colours used:
Traditionally, vibrant colors such as red, blue, yellow, and
green are used. However, modern variations may include
a wider range of colors to suit contemporary tastes.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Kantha embroidery is typically done using a running
stitch with a fine needle and thread, often employing
recycled threads from old saris or dhotis. The base fabric
is usually cotton or silk.

product:
Traditional products include kantha saris, dupattas, quilts (known as kantha
quilts or nakshi kantha), and various home decor items like cushion covers
and wall hangings. Modern adaptations include kantha-stitched garments,
bags, and accessories.
Designers work
Sabyasachi Mukherjee is a renowned Indian designer
who has incorporated kantha work into his collections. In
2019, he showcased kantha embroidery in his
"Sabyasachi x H&M" collaboration, blending traditional
craftsmanship with modern aesthetics.
3) Phulkari:
Phulkari is a vibrant and colorful embroidery style
from Punjab, India. It features intricate threadwork
in bright colors, creating floral and geometric
patterns. Phulkari is traditionally done on shawls,
scarves, and dupattas, and it's a symbol of beauty
and tradition.
motifs :
Phulkari motifs typically include floral designs, geometric
shapes, and repetitive patterns inspired by nature and
daily life.

colours used:
Traditional Phulkari often features bold and bright colors
such as red, orange, pink, green, and yellow, creating a
striking contrast against the base fabric.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Phulkari is embroidered using a floss silk thread called
"pat" on a coarse cotton fabric, usually khadi or hand-
spun cotton, which provides a sturdy base for the
intricate embroidery.

product:
Traditional Phulkari products include dupattas (long scarves), shawls, sarees,
and various garments embellished with Phulkari embroidery. Modern
adaptations include incorporating Phulkari motifs into contemporary clothing,
home decor items, and accessories.
Designers work
An example of a designer known for their work with
Phulkari is Rahul Mishra. In 2016, Mishra showcased a
collection at Paris Fashion Week featuring intricate
Phulkari embroidery, blending traditional craftsmanship
with contemporary silhouettes.
4) Sashiko:
Sashiko is this awesome Japanese embroidery
technique that's been around for ages. It's all
about using running stitches to make geometric
patterns on fabric. Super cool, right? One popular
design is the "Asano-ha" or "Hemp Leaf" pattern.
People use Sashiko to mend clothes or create
decorative pieces. It's a beautiful way to show off
Japanese culture and creativity.
motifs :
Sashiko, a form of decorative reinforcement stitching
from Japan, features various motifs such as geometric
patterns, nature-inspired designs like waves or flowers,
and symbolic shapes like arrows or diamonds.

colours used:
Traditionally, sashiko uses indigo blue and white threads
on a base fabric of natural cotton or hemp, though
modern interpretations may include a wider range of
colors.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Yarn or thread used in sashiko is typically a thick cotton
thread called Sashiko thread, and the base fabric is
usually a sturdy material like cotton or linen.

product:
One traditional product of sashiko is the "boro" textile, which is made by
layering and stitching together small pieces of fabric to create a patchwork
effect. Modern applications include sashiko embroidery on clothing, home
decor items, and accessories.
Designers work
One notable designer who incorporates sashiko into their
work is Hiroshi Narumi. In 2019, he showcased
contemporary sashiko designs that blend traditional
techniques with modern aesthetics.
5) Crewelwork:
Crewelwork is a type of embroidery that uses wool
thread to create intricate designs on fabric. It originated
in England during the 16th and 17th centuries and was
popular for its textured and raised effect. The designs
often feature floral motifs, animals, and ornate patterns.
One example of crewelwork is the Tree of Life design,
which showcases a majestic tree surrounded by animals
and flowers. It's a beautiful and timeless embroidery
technique that adds a touch of elegance to textiles and
home decor.
motifs :
Crewelwork typically features elaborate floral and vine
motifs, along with birds and animals, often inspired by
nature.

colours used:
Traditional crewelwork often employs vibrant colors such
as reds, blues, greens, and yellows, although modern
interpretations may incorporate a wider range of hues.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Crewelwork is traditionally done using wool yarn on a
sturdy base fabric such as linen or cotton. The thickness
of the yarn adds texture and depth to the embroidery.

product:
Traditional crewelwork is often seen on items like curtains, cushion covers,
and wall hangings. In modern times, designers have incorporated crewelwork
into various products such as fashion accessories, home decor items, and
even clothing.
Designers work
A notable designer known for their work in crewelwork is
Sarah K. Benning, whose contemporary embroidery
pieces have gained widespread recognition in recent
years. One of her notable works in crewelwork is
"Succulent Garden" created in 2017.
Printed & Painted

In fashion, when we talk about "Printed," it involves

applying designs or patterns onto fabric using methods
like screen printing, digital printing, block printing, or heat
transfer printing. On the other hand, "Painted" means
creating designs by hand-painting directly onto the
fabric. Both techniques allow for unique and personalized
looks, with printed designs being more precise and
painted designs offering a more artistic touch. These
methods help designers add creativity and individuality
to clothing and accessories.
1] Kalamkari
Kalamkari is a traditional Indian art form that involves hand-painting
or block-printing intricate designs on fabric. It is a type of textile art
that is known for its elaborate motifs, vibrant colors, and detailed
patterns. Kalamkari designs often depict mythological scenes, floral
motifs, and intricate borders. The word "Kalamkari" is derived from
the Persian words "kalam" (pen) and "kari" (craftsmanship), reflecting
the intricate work done using a pen-like tool to create these
beautiful designs on fabric. This art form has a rich history and is
widely used in clothing, home decor, and accessories, showcasing
the skilled craftsmanship and artistic creativity of Indian artisans.
motifs :
Kalamkari motifs are typically intricate and detailed, often
depicting mythological stories, flora, fauna, and geometric
patterns. Common motifs include peacocks, lotus flowers,
elephants, and gods/goddesses.

colours used:
Traditionally, natural dyes such as indigo, madder,
pomegranate peel, and myrobalan were used, resulting in
earthy tones. However, modern versions may incorporate
synthetic dyes for a broader color palette.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Cotton or silk threads are used for outlining and
detailing the motifs.
Base Fabric: Cotton is the most common base fabric,
although silk is also used for more luxurious pieces

product:
Kalamkari textiles are used to make sarees, dupattas,
wall hangings, bedspreads, and upholstery fabric.
Designers work
Ritu Kumar is known for her exquisite Kalamkari
collections, blending traditional techniques with
contemporary designs. Rohit Bal also incorporates
Kalamkari motifs into his creations, adding a touch of
ethnic elegance.
2] Ajrak Print
Ajrak Print is a traditional form of block printing that originated in the
Sindh region of the Indian subcontinent. It involves intricate designs
and patterns being hand-blocked onto fabric using natural dyes.
Ajrak prints are known for their geometric and floral motifs, often in
deep indigo, red, and black colors. This printing technique has a long
history and cultural significance, with each design symbolizing
different aspects of the local culture and traditions. Ajrak prints are
commonly used in clothing, particularly in shawls, sarees, and
dupattas, showcasing the artistry and craftsmanship of the artisans
who create these beautiful pieces.
motifs :
Ajrak prints feature intricate geometric patterns such as
stars, dots, and squares, often combined with traditional
motifs like the tree of life, peacocks, and flowers.

colours used:
The predominant color is indigo, achieved through a labor-
intensive dyeing process. Red, black, and white are also
common colors used in Ajrak prints.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Similar to Kalamkari, cotton or silk threads are used for
detailing.
Base Fabric: Cotton is the primary fabric used for Ajrak
printing, providing a sturdy yet comfortable base.

product:
Ajrak-printed textiles are popular for making dupattas,
sarees, scarves, stoles, and even home furnishings like
bed covers and tablecloths.
Designers work
Anupamaa Dayal and Sanjay Garg of Raw Mango
have incorporated Ajrak prints into their collections,
showcasing the rich cultural heritage of this craft.
3] Batik
Batik is a traditional Indonesian art form that involves
applying wax to fabric before dyeing it. The wax resists
the dye, creating intricate patterns and designs on the
fabric. This process can be repeated with different colors
to achieve vibrant and detailed designs. Batik is known for
its unique look and cultural significance, often featuring
motifs inspired by nature, mythology, and local traditions.
It is commonly used in clothing, accessories, and home
decor, showcasing the craftsmanship and creativity of
Indonesian artisans.
motifs :
Batik designs can vary widely, ranging from abstract
patterns to nature-inspired motifs like flowers, leaves, and
birds. Geometric designs are also common, including spirals,
dots, and stripes.

colours used:
Batik traditionally uses a limited color palette, with indigo
being the most traditional color. However, modern batik
artists experiment with a wide range of vibrant colors
achieved through both natural and synthetic dyes.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Cotton or silk threads are used for outlining and
detailing the motifs.
Base Fabric: Cotton is the most commonly used fabric
for batik, although silk is also used for more luxurious
pieces.

product:
Batik textiles are used to create a variety of garments
such as dresses, tops, scarves, and sarongs. They are
also used in home furnishings like tablecloths, cushion
covers, and wall hangings.
Designers work
Masaba Gupta is known for her contemporary take
on traditional Indian textiles, including batik. Wendell
Rodricks also incorporated batik prints into his
collections, adding a modern flair to this ancient
craft.
4] Shibhori
Shibori is a Japanese dyeing technique that involves
creating intricate patterns on fabric by binding, folding,
twisting, or compressing it before dyeing. This process
results in unique and beautiful designs with a tie-dye
effect. Shibori patterns can vary from simple geometric
shapes to more complex and organic designs. The art of
Shibori requires skill and precision to achieve the desired
patterns and colors on the fabric. This traditional
Japanese craft has gained popularity worldwide for its
stunning and distinctive appearance in textiles and
fashion.
motifs :
Shibori techniques create unique patterns through the
manipulation of fabric before dyeing. Common motifs
include geometric shapes, circles (known as Kanoko), and
stripes (known as Itajime).

colours used:
Traditionally, indigo was the primary dye used in Shibori,
resulting in shades of blue. However, modern Shibori artists
use a wide range of colors, both natural and synthetic.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Shibori does not typically involve detailed embroidery, but cotton or
silk threads may be used for stitching and tying the fabric to create
the desired patterns.
Base Fabric: Cotton and silk are the most commonly used fabrics for
Shibori, as they absorb dyes well and have a soft texture.

product:
Shibori textiles are used to create garments such as
dresses, tops, scarves, and kimono-style jackets. They
are also popular for making accessories like bags and
hats.
Designers work
While Shibori is often associated with traditional
Japanese craft, modern designers like Issey Miyake
have incorporated Shibori
Resist Dyed
Resist dyed, known as "Bandhni" in India, is a traditional
technique where fabric is dyed in such a way that certain
areas resist the dye, creating patterns and designs. This
process involves tying, folding, or using substances like
wax or starch to block the dye from penetrating specific
areas of the fabric. The resisted areas remain uncolored,
resulting in intricate and colorful patterns on the fabric.
Resist dyeing is a widely practiced art form in many
cultures and is used to create unique and visually
appealing textiles.
1] Bandhani
Bandhani, also known as Bandhni, is a traditional Indian
resist-dyeing technique that involves tying small portions
of fabric with thread to create intricate patterns. These
tied areas resist the dye when the fabric is dyed, resulting
in unique and colorful designs. Bandhani is a highly skilled
art form that requires precision and expertise to achieve
various patterns like dots, squares, waves, and more. This
technique is commonly used in creating sarees, dupattas,
and other garments, showcasing the vibrant colors and
beautiful patterns characteristic of Bandhani textiles.
motifs :
Bandhani (also known as Bandhej) features small dot
patterns, intricate motifs such as flowers, leaves, and
geometric shapes. The dots often form larger patterns like
circles, squares, and waves.

colours used:
Traditional Bandhani uses bright and vibrant colors such as
red, yellow, green, blue, and black. The dyeing process can
involve multiple colors in one piece, creating a rich and
varied appearance.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
The fabric used is typically cotton or silk. Threads used for tying are
usually strong cotton threads to withstand the dyeing process without
breaking..

product:
Bandhani is used to make sarees, dupattas, turbans,
scarves, and dress materials. It is also popular in
contemporary fashion for its unique patterns and
vibrant colors.
Designers work
Designers like Gaurang Shah, Anita Dongre, and
Sabyasachi Mukherjee have incorporated Bandhani
into their collections, creating modern
interpretations of this traditional craft while
maintaining its cultural essence.
2] ikat
Ikat is a traditional dyeing technique used to pattern
textiles that employs a resist dyeing process similar to
Bandhani. In Ikat, the threads are dyed before being
woven into fabric, creating intricate patterns when the
threads are woven together. The dyeing process involves
binding portions of the threads to resist the dye, resulting
in blurred and slightly imperfect designs that are
characteristic of Ikat textiles. This technique is used in
various cultures worldwide to produce textiles with
distinct and eye-catching patterns.
motifs :
Ikat designs often include geometric patterns, stripes, and
sometimes floral or abstract motifs. The patterns can vary
greatly depending on the region and cultural influences.

colours used:
Ikat uses a wide range of colors, often incorporating bold
and contrasting hues. Traditional colors include indigo, red,
black, and white, but modern ikat can feature any color.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Ikat can be made with cotton, silk, or
wool threads. The yarns are dyed
before weaving, a technique known
as warp, weft, or double ikat.

product:
Ikat is used in making sarees, dupattas,
upholstery, curtains, and clothing such as
skirts, dresses, and shirts.
Designers work
Designers like Rajesh Pratap
Singh and Ritu Kumar have
used Ikat in their collections,
showcasing its versatility
and timeless appeal.
3] Dabu Printing
Dabu Printing is a traditional Indian mud-resist hand block
printing technique. In Dabu Printing, a mud paste
containing natural ingredients like clay, gum, and lime is
applied to the fabric using wooden blocks. This mud
paste acts as a resist agent, preventing the dye from
penetrating the fabric in specific areas. After the fabric is
dyed, the mud paste is washed off, revealing the intricate
designs and patterns created by the resist process. Dabu
Printing results in unique and beautifully crafted textiles
that showcase the rich cultural heritage of India.
motifs :
Dabu printing features motifs inspired by nature, such as
flowers, leaves, birds, and animals, as well as geometric
patterns like circles, squares, and stripes. Traditional motifs
include paisleys, trellises, and foliate designs.

colours used:
Natural dyes are predominantly used, with indigo being a
primary color. Other colors include shades of red, black, and
yellow derived from natural sources.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
The base fabric is typically cotton,
though silk and other natural fibers
can also be used. The resist paste is
made from mud, gum, and lime, and
the fabric is dyed with natural dyes.

product:
Dabu printing is used for sarees, dupattas, bed
covers, tablecloths, curtains, and dress materials. It is
popular for both traditional and contemporary
clothing.
Designers work
Designers like Anita Dongre and brands like
Fabindia and Anokhi have incorporated
Dabu printing into their collections,
promoting this traditional art form in
modern fashion contexts.
Woven
Woven refers to the process of interlacing two sets of
yarn or threads at right angles to create fabric. This
weaving technique involves a warp (longitudinal) and weft
(transverse) threads interlacing to form different patterns
and textures. Woven fabrics can vary in thickness,
strength, and flexibility based on the type of weave used.
Common woven fabrics include cotton, silk, wool, and
polyester, each offering unique qualities and
characteristics. The weaving process plays a crucial role
in determining the properties and appearance of the final
fabric.
1] Banarasi
Banarasi refers to textiles, particularly silk fabrics,
originating from Varanasi (also known as Banaras), a city
in India famous for its intricate weaving and luxurious silk
sarees. Banarasi sarees are highly prized for their rich
embroidery, intricate designs, and often include gold or
silver brocade. These sarees are known for their opulence
and are popular choices for weddings and special
occasions in India. The Banarasi weaving tradition dates
back centuries and continues to be a symbol of elegance
and craftsmanship in the world of Indian textiles.
motifs :
Banarasi sarees are known for their intricate designs, which
often include floral and foliate patterns (known as kalga and
bel), as well as motifs like jhallar (a string of leaves), animals,
and scenes from Mughal culture.

colours used:
Banarasi sarees come in a wide range of colors, from deep,
rich hues like red, maroon, and navy blue to lighter shades
like pink, beige, and pastel tones. The use of gold and silver
zari (metallic threads) adds a luxurious touch.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Traditionally, silk is the primary fabric for
Banarasi sarees, but they can also be made
with organza and georgette. The sarees often
feature zari work made from gold and silver
threads.

product:
Banarasi textiles are primarily used for sarees, which
are considered highly auspicious for weddings and
other significant ceremonies. Additionally, Banarasi
fabric is used for lehengas, dupattas, and other
formal garments.
Designers work
Sabyasachi Mukherjee, Rohit Bal, and Anita Dongre are
notable designers who have incorporated Banarasi textiles
into their collections, creating modern interpretations
while preserving traditional craftsmanship.
2] Chanderi
Chanderi is a traditional Indian fabric known for its
lightweight texture and sheer quality. It is woven in the
town of Chanderi in Madhya Pradesh, India. Chanderi
fabric is usually made with a mix of silk and cotton, giving
it a luxurious feel while maintaining breathability. The
fabric is often adorned with traditional motifs and
embellishments, making it popular for sarees, salwar suits,
and dupattas. Chanderi textiles are prized for their
elegance and are a favorite choice for festive and formal
occasions.
motifs :
Chanderi textiles often feature traditional motifs like
peacocks, lotuses, and geometric patterns. The designs are
typically delicate and woven in gold or silver threads to add
a touch of elegance.

colours used:
Chanderi fabrics come in soft pastel shades as well as
brighter hues. Common colors include shades of white, off-
white, pastel pink, green, and blue, with contrasting gold or
silver motifs.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Chanderi is woven from a blend of silk and
cotton, though pure silk or pure cotton
variants are also common. The fabric is known
for its sheer texture and light weight.

product:
Chanderi is used to make sarees, salwar kameez, and
dupattas. The fabric's lightweight and elegant
appearance make it suitable for both everyday wear
and festive occasions.
Designers work
Designers like Rahul Mishra and brands like
Raw Mango and Fabindia have used Chanderi
fabric in their collections, promoting its
delicate beauty and versatility in
contemporary fashion.
3] Jamdani
Jamdani is a traditional weaving technique from Bengal,
India, and Bangladesh, where intricate patterns are woven
into cotton or fine muslin fabric. This technique involves
creating geometric or floral designs by hand, typically
using a combination of cotton and gold or silver threads.
Jamdani textiles are known for their sheer texture, light
weight, and exquisite craftsmanship. These fabrics are
highly prized for their intricate designs and are often used
in sarees, dupattas, and other traditional garments.
motifs :
Jamdani weaving features intricate and elaborate floral
motifs, geometric shapes, and traditional patterns like the
paisley (kalka) and vine (bel) designs. The motifs are woven
directly into the fabric using a supplementary weft
technique.
colours used:
Traditionally, Jamdani textiles are woven in white or off-
white with colored motifs in red, black, green, or blue.
Modern variations can include a wider range of colors and
combinations.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
The base fabric for Jamdani is typically fine
muslin cotton, known for its lightness and
translucence. Silk can also be used. The
motifs are created using colored threads,
often in a contrasting color to the base fabric.

product:
Jamdani is mainly used for sarees, but it is also
popular for dupattas, scarves, and dress materials.
The intricate designs and fine quality make Jamdani
highly prized.
Designers work
Designers like Gaurang Shah and Sabyasachi
Mukherjee have incorporated Jamdani textiles
into their collections, highlighting the intricate
craftsmanship and elegance of this traditional
weaving technique.
4] Patola
Patola is a traditional Indian textile art form that originates
from Gujarat. Patola sarees are known for their intricate
designs and vibrant colors. These sarees are created
using a resist-dyeing technique on silk fabrics, resulting in
rich and elaborate patterns. Patola sarees are highly
valued for their craftsmanship and are considered
luxurious and elegant attire, often worn on special
occasions and ceremonies.
motifs :
Patola sarees feature intricate motifs such as flowers,
animals, birds, and geometric patterns. Common motifs
include parrots, elephants, dancing figures, and traditional
symbols like the nari kunjar (elephant and lady).

colours used:
Patola employs vibrant and rich colors, often using natural
dyes. Common colors include red, green, yellow, blue, and
black.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
Traditionally, silk is used for Patola weaving.
The process involves dyeing the warp and
weft threads before weaving, known as
double ikat.

product:
Patola is primarily used for sarees, but it can also be
seen in dupattas, scarves, and dress materials.
Designers work
Designers like Gaurang Shah and brands like
Patola House have popularized Patola in
contemporary fashion, preserving its intricate
weaving techniques.
5] Maheshwari
Maheshwari is a type of traditional Indian fabric that
comes from the town of Maheshwar in Madhya Pradesh,
India. It is known for its unique weave, which often
includes a combination of silk and cotton threads.
Maheshwari fabrics are distinguished by their lightweight
and glossy texture, making them ideal for sarees and
other clothing items. These fabrics are characterized by
their elegant designs, often featuring stripes, checks, and
floral motifs. Maheshwari textiles are popular for their
blend of traditional craftsmanship and contemporary
appeal.
motifs :
Maheshwari textiles feature motifs inspired by the local
architecture of Maheshwar, such as the Narmada river,
temples, and palace structures. Common motifs include
stripes, checks, and floral patterns.

colours used:
Maheshwari fabrics traditionally use earthy and subtle
colors like shades of brown, maroon, green, and purple, as
well as vibrant hues like red and blue.
yarn /thread and base fabric:
The base fabric is typically a blend of silk and
cotton, making it lightweight and comfortable.
The yarns used are fine cotton and silk
threads.

product:
Maheshwari is used to make sarees, dupattas, and
dress materials. It is valued for its elegance and
simplicity.
Designers work
Designers like Ritu Kumar and brands like
Rehwa Society have worked to preserve and
promote Maheshwari textiles, incorporating
them into modern designs and fashion.
Thank You