INGM413 FLUID MACHINES

TUTORIAL 1

Student:
Mr. Gontse Sempa
Student number: 37218050
Lecturer:
Prof. L.J. Grobler

Submitted in pursuit of the degree.

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

In

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

North-West University
Potchefstroom Campus
Question 1

Prototype values (coolant pump from a plant):

• Height, 𝐻 = 160 𝑚
• Flow rate, 𝑄 = 4.8 𝑚3 /𝑠
• Speed, 𝑁 = 1420 𝑅𝑃𝑀
• Diameter, 𝐷 = 1 𝑚
• Water density, 𝜌 = 950 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3
• Electrical power, 𝑃 = 3.6 𝑀𝑊

Testing conditions of the model:

• Available power, 𝑃 = 460 𝑘𝑊

• Cold water flow rate, 𝑄 = 1800 𝑚3 /ℎ
• Water density, 𝜌 = 1000 𝑘𝑔/𝑚3

Assumptions: 𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑙 = 𝜂𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒

Therefore, from similarity laws,

̇ = 𝑃𝑝̇ ,
𝑃𝑚

Φ𝑚 = Φ𝑝 ,

𝜓𝑚 = 𝜓𝑝 .

Then,

𝑔𝐻𝑚 𝑔𝐻𝑝
2 𝐷2
=
𝑁𝑚 𝑚 𝑁𝑝2 𝐷𝑝2

𝐻𝑚 𝐻𝑝
2 2
=
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝 𝐷𝑝2
2

𝐻𝑚 160 2
∴ 2
= 2
= (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1)
(𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 ) (1420 × 1) 25205

𝑄𝑚 𝑄𝑝
3 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝 𝐷𝑝3
 0.5 4.8
3 = 1420 × 13
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚

3
1775
∴ 𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 = (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2)
12

𝑃𝑚 𝑃𝑝
3 5 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 𝑁𝑝3 𝐷𝑝5

0.460 × 106 3.6 × 106

3 5 =
𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 14203 × 15
3 5
∴ 𝑁𝑚 𝐷𝑚 = 365864577.8 (𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3)

From 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2,

1775
∴ 𝑁𝑚 = 3
12𝐷𝑚

Substitution on 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3,
3
1775 5
( 3 ) 𝐷𝑚 = 365864577.8
12𝐷𝑚

(1775)3
= 365864577.8
(12)3 𝐷𝑚
4

4 (1775)3
∴ 𝐷𝑚 = √
(12)3 (365864577.8)

∴ 𝐷𝑚 = 0.307 𝑚

Then, the diameter ratio,

𝐷𝑝
= 3.261
𝐷𝑚

𝐷𝑚
= 0.307
𝐷𝑝

Therefore,
 1775
𝑁𝑚 = = 5128.246 𝑅𝑃𝑀
12 × 0.3073

Then, the speed ratio is,

𝑁𝑝
= 0.277
𝑁𝑚

𝑁𝑚
= 3.611
𝑁𝑝

Therefore,

2(5128.246 × 0.307)2
𝐻𝑚 =
25205

∴ 𝐻𝑚 = 196.267 𝑚

The height ratio is,

𝐻𝑝
= 0.815
𝐻𝑚

𝐻𝑚
= 1.227
𝐻𝑝

Proving dimensionless specific speed of the model and prototype:

• Prototype,
𝑁𝑄1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(𝑔𝐻)3/4
1420(4.8)1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(9.81 × 160)3/4
∴ 𝑁𝑠 = 12.476 𝑟𝑒𝑣

• Model,
5128.246(0.5)1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(9.81 × 196.267)3/4
∴ 𝑁𝑠 = 12.476 𝑟𝑒𝑣
Question 2

Available information:

• Pump speed, 𝑁 = 1420 𝑅𝑃𝑀

• Pump head, 35 𝑚
• Flow rate, 𝑄 = 600 𝑚3 /ℎ

Conversion:

600 𝑚3 1ℎ 𝑚3
𝑄=( )( )( ) = 0.167
1 ℎ 3600𝑠 𝑠

Determining the type of the pump,

𝑁𝑄1/2
𝑁𝑠 =
(𝑔𝐻)3/4

(1420/60)(0.167)1/2
𝑁𝑠 = = 0.121 𝑟𝑒𝑣 (0.761 𝑟𝑎𝑑)
(9.81 × 35)3/4

The flow rate indicates that an axial pump is required. Therefore, the power required is,

𝑃 = 𝜌𝑔𝑄𝐻

𝑃 = (1000)(9.81)(0.167)(35)

∴ 𝑃 = 57225 𝑊 = 57.225 𝑘𝑊

The efficiency of the electrical motor is,

𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 0.88

Then for a flow rate of 𝑄 = 0.167 𝑚3 /𝑠 , from Figure 1.8, the efficiency of the pump is,

𝜂𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝 ≈ 0.86

For the power required by the impeller,

𝑃
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝜂𝑝𝑢𝑚𝑝
 57225
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = 66540.698 𝑊 = 66.541 𝑘𝑊
0.86

For the power required by the impeller,

𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 =
𝜂𝑚𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟

66540.698
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑞 = = 75614.429 𝑊 = 75.614 𝑘𝑊
0.88