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Dr. B. R. AMBEDKAR OPEN UNMRSITY
FacultY of Social Sciences
? u.G. ECoNoMlcs SYLLABUS (under CBCS)
B.A.tIIYEAR;Semester_V:DisciplineSpecificCourse(Credits-5)
COT RSE - V : INDIAI\ ECONOMY

I.Jnit_l:ConceptsofDevelopment,Underdevelopment,Deprivation&Growth
and Structural changes
Unit-2: Basic Features of Indian Economy: Growth, Trends
composition and Their
unit-3: Demographic Features*Population: Size, Growth,
Distribution of
Implications on Indian Economy-occupational and Sectoral
PoPulation in lndia

of National lncome
Unit-4: Estimation of National [ncome-Trends and Composition
consequences and
in India-tncome Inequalities in tndia: Magnitude, causes,
Remedial Measures
Consequences
Unit-5: Poverty in India: Concept, Types, Trends, Causes and
and Consequences-
Unit-6: Unemployment in tndia: Concept, Types, Trends, Causes
Programmes in India
Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generation

Block - III: Aericultural Sector

Development-
Unit-7: Nature and Importance of Agriculture in Indian Economic
Trends in Agricultural Production and Productivity-creen
Revolution

tjnit-8: Agrarian Structure in tndia and Land Reforms-Cropping Pattern-Food

Security in India
Pricing
Unit-9: Agricultural Finance-Agricultural Marketing-Agricultural
Block - IV: Industrial Sector
lndian lndustry-
Unit-10: Structure, GroMh, Trends,Importance and Problems of
Problems-
Medium, Small scale and Micro Enterprises (MSME): Role and
Issue ofSickness
Unit-l l: Industrial Policies of 1948, 1956 and l99l-FEMA and competition
Commission of India-Disinvestment Policy
LJnit- l2: Economic Reforms: Liberalisation, Privatisation and
Globalisation-A
Critical Evaluation-Foreign Direct Investment

L.lnit- l3: concept, components, Trends and Role of Service

Sector-lnfrastructural
Technology,
Development: Transport, Banking, Insurance, Information
Communication and Tourism
Objectives of
L]nit- l4: Concept, Major Types and Importance of Planning-Major
Five Year Plans in India*Review of Five Year Plans-NITI Aayog-
M i grati on
U n it- I 5 : Regional Imbalances- Rural-urban Di sparities-
 BA520ECO-T

_.m.
ns¡úXÊÁdüÔ+
‘·èrj·T dü+e‘·‡s¡+ ôd$TdüºsY ` V
uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯ Ä]úø£ e´edüú
(Discipline Specific Course)

ªªeTq+ Hê>∑]ø£‘· düeT≈£L]Ãq edüTÔ>∑‘· Á|üjÓ÷»Hê\qT e<äT\Tø√y=#·TÃH˚yÓ÷>±ì, düs√«‘·ÿ èwüºyÓTÆq $<ä´ n+~+#˚
|òü˝≤\qT dü+|üPs¡í+>± nqTuÛÑ$+#˚ neø±XÊ\qT, Vü≤≈£îÿ\qT e÷Á‘·+ ø√˝ÀŒ≈£L&É<äTμμ.
` &܈ˆ _.ÄsY. n+uÒ<äÿsY

&܈ˆ _.ÄsY. n+uÒ<ÿä sY kÕs¡«Á‹ø£ $X¯«$<ë´\j·T+

ôV’≤<äsêu≤<äT
2020
 $wüj·Tdü÷∫ø£
Áø£eT dü+K´ K+&É+/uÛ≤>∑+ ù|J. q+.
K+&É+ ` I : uÛ≤s¡‘<· X˚ ¯ Ä]úøe£ ´edüú ìsêàD+ eT]j·TT »HêuÛ≤ \ø£Då ≤\T 1-39
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 1 : Ä]úø±_Ûeè~Δ, n˝≤Œ_Ûeè~Δ, Ä]úø£eè~Δ, ˝Ò$T 2-12
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 2 : uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯ Ä]úø£ e´edüú˝À eè~Δ eT]j·TT ì]à‹|üs¡yÓTÆq e÷s¡TŒ\T 13-22
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 3 : »HêuÛ≤ ô|s¡T>∑T<ä\ eT]j·TT eè‘·TÔ\yêØ e´edüú ìsêàD+ 23`39
K+&É+ ` II : C≤rj·÷<ëj·T+, Ä<ëj·T ndüe÷q‘·\T, ù|<ä]ø£+ eT]j·TT ìs¡T<√´–‘· 40-104
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 4 : uÛ≤s¡‘<· X˚ +¯ ˝À C≤rj·T<ëj·T+ : n+#·Hê\T, <√s¡DT\T eT]j·TT ≈£Ls¡TŒ 41-62
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 5 : uÛ≤s¡‘· <˚X+¯ ˝À ù|<ä]ø£+, Ä<ëj·T ndüe÷qfi¯\T 63-84
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 6 : uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯+˝À ìs¡T<√´–‘· 85-104
K+&É+ ` III : e´ekÕj·T s¡+>∑+ 105-166
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 7 : uÛ≤s¡‘<· X˚ ¯ e´ekÕj·T s¡+>∑ dü«s¡÷|ü+, uÛ÷Ñ dü+düÿD\T
eT]j·T Vü≤]‘· $|ü¢e+ 106`127
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 8 : uÛ≤s¡‘·<˚X¯+˝À e´ekÕj·T dü+øå√uÛÑ+ eT]j·TT ÄVü‰s¡ uÛÑÁ<ä‘· 128`146
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 9 : e´ekÕj·T $‘·Ô+, e÷¬sÿ{Ï+>¥ eT]j·TT <Ûäs¡ ìs¡íj·T+ 147`166
K+&É+ ` IV : bÕ]ÁXÊ$Tø£ s¡+>∑+ 167-220
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 10 : bÕ]ÁXÊ$Tø£ e´edüú ` ìsêàD+, eè~Δ eT]j·TT dü÷ø£àå ,
∫qï, eT<Ûä´ ‘·s¡Vü‰ |ü]ÁX¯eT\T 168`183
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 11 : bÕ]ÁXÊ$Tø£ rsêàHê\T, Ä]úø£ $<ÛëHê\T 184`203
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 12 : Ä]úø£ dü+düÿs¡D\T ` m˝Ÿ|õæ ` $<˚o Á|ü‘´· ø£å ô|≥Tºã&ÉT\T 204`220
K+&É+ ` V : ùdyê s¡+>∑+, Á|üD≤[ø£\T eT]j·TT ÁbÕ+rj·T ndüe÷q‘·\T 221-276
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 13 : ùdyê s¡+>∑+ eT]j·TT uÛ≤s¡‘<· X˚ +¯ ˝À nekÕú|Hü ê kÂø£sê´\T 222`236
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 14 : uÛ≤s¡‘<· X˚ +¯ ˝À |ü+#·es¡¸ Á|üD≤[ø£\T ` ˙‹ ÄjÓ÷>¥ 237-249
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 15 : ÁbÕ+rj·T ndüe÷q‘·\T eT]j·TT e\dü\T 250-276
• qeT÷Hê |üØøå± Á|üXï¯ |üÁ‘·+ 277`279

iv
 BA520ECODSE(B)-E

B.A.
THIRD YEAR SEMESTER – V

ECONOMICS
Quantitative Methods for Economic Analysis
(Discipline Specific Elective Course)

“We may forego material benefits of civilization, but we

cannot forego our right and opportunity to reap the benefits
of the highest education to the fullest extent…”
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Dr. B. R. AMBEDKAR OPEN UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD
2020
 CONTENTS

Block/Unit No. Title Page No.

BLOCK-I: MATHEMATICAL FOUNDATIONS OF

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS 1-49
Unit-1: Importance of Quantitative Methods in Economics – Meaning
and Basic Concepts of Mathematics: Constants and Variables 2-11
Unit-2: Functions: Linear, Non-Linear Functions – Equations and
Graphs of Linear, Quadratic and Cubic Functions 12-25

Unit-3: Concept of Derivative and its Economic Applications 26-49

BLOCK-II: INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS 50-88

Unit-4: Basic Concepts of Statistics 51-64

Unit-5: Graphic and Diagrammatic Representation of Data 65-76
Unit-6: Methods of Data Collection 77-88
BLOCK-III: MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
AND DISPERSION 89-148

Unit-7: Measures of Central Tendency 90-111

Unit-8: Measures of Dispersion 112-148

BLOCK-IV: CORRELATION & REGRESSION 149-197

Unit-9: Analysis of Correlation 150-175

Unit-10: Analysis of Regression 176-197

BLOCK-V: INDEX NUMBERS & TIME SERIES ANALYSIS 198-228

Unit-11: Index Numbers 199-213

Unit-12: Analysis of Time-Series 214-228

• Model Question Paper 229-231

IV
 BA520ECODSE(A)-T

_.m.
ns¡úXÊÁdüÔ+
‘·èrj·T dü+e‘·‡s¡+ ôd$TdüºsY ` V
dü+U≤´‘·àø£ |ü<äΔ‘·T\T ` Ä]úø£ $X‚¢wüD
(Discipline Specific Elective Course)

ªªeTq+ Hê>∑]ø£‘· düeT≈£L]Ãq edüTÔ>∑‘· Á|üjÓ÷»Hê\qT e<äT\Tø√y=#·TÃH˚yÓ÷>±ì, düs√«‘·ÿ èwüºyÓTÆq $<ä´ n+~+#˚
|òü˝≤\qT dü+|üPs¡í+>± nqTuÛÑ$+#˚ neø±XÊ\qT, Vü≤≈£îÿ\qT e÷Á‘·+ ø√˝ÀŒ≈£L&É<äTμμ.
` &܈ˆ _.ÄsY. n+uÒ<äÿsY

&܈ˆ _.ÄsY. n+uÒ<ÿä sY kÕs¡«Á‹ø£ $X¯«$<ë´\j·T+

ôV’≤<äsêu≤<äT
2020
 $wüj·Tdü÷∫ø£
Áø£eT dü+K´ K+&É+/uÛ≤>∑+ ù|J. q+.
K+&É+ ` I : Ä]úø£ $X‚w¢ Dü ˝À >∑D‘Ï X· Êg eT÷\<Ûës¡ uÛ≤eq\T 1-56
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 1 : ns¡ΔXÊg+˝À |ü]e÷D≤‘·àø£ |ü<äΔ‘·T\ ÁbÕeTTK´‘· >∑DÏ‘· XÊg
ÁbÕ<∏ä$Tø£ uÛ≤eq\T : dæúsê+ø±\T eT]j·TT #·˝≤+ø±\T 2-13
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 2 : Á|üy˚Tj·÷\T ` πsFj·T, es¡Z, |òüTq Á|üy˚Tj·÷\
jÓTTø£ÿ Á>±|òt\T eT]j·TT düMTø£s¡D≤\T 14-28
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 3 : neø£\q+: ns¡Xú ÊÅd+Ôü ˝À neø£\Hê\ nqTes¡HÔ ê\T 29`56
K+&É+ ` II : >∑D≤+ø£ XÊg |ü]#·jT· + 57-107
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 4 : kÕ+K´ø£ (>∑D≤+ø£) XÊg ÁbÕ<∏$ä Tø£ uÛ≤eq\T 56-75
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 5 : sπ K ∫Á‘ê\T, sπ U≤ |ü{≤\ <ë«sê <ä‘êÔ+X¯ düeTs¡ŒD 76-91
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 6 : <ä‘êÔ+X¯ ùdø£s¡D |ü<äΔ‘·T\T 92-107
K+&É+ ` III : π≈+Á<ä kÕúq|ü⁄ ø=\‘·\T eT]j·TT $düÔs¡D e÷Hê\T 108-179
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 7 : øπ +Á<ä kÕúq|ü⁄ ø=\‘·\T 109`135
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 8 : $düsÔ D¡ e÷Hê\T 136`179
K+&É+ ` IV : düVü≤ dü+ã+<Ûä+ eT]j·TT Á|ü‹>∑eTqeTT 180-238
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 9 : düV≤ü dü+ã+<Ûä $X‚w¢ Dü 181`212
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 10 : Á|ü‹>∑eTq $X‚¢wüD 213`238
K+&É+ ` V : dü÷N dü+K´\T eT]j·TT ø±\ÁX‚DT\ $X‚¢wüD 239-219
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 11 : dü÷N dü+K´\T 240`254
uÛ≤>∑+ ` 12 : ø±\ÁX‚DT\ $X‚w¢ Dü 255`272
• qeT÷Hê |üØøå± Á|üXï¯ |üÁ‘·+ 273`275

iv
 BA520ECODSE(B)-E

B.A.
THIRD YEAR SEMESTER – V

FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
AND
MARKETS
(DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSE-B)

“We may forego material benefits of civilization, but we

cannot forego our right and opportunity to reap the benefits
of the highest education to the fullest extent…”
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Dr. B. R. AMBEDKAR OPEN UNIVERSITY

HYDERABAD
2021
 CONTENTS

Block/Unit No. Title Page No.

BLOCK - I : Financial System - An Introduction 1-22

Unit - 1 : Financial Systems 2-12
Unit - 2 : Financial Markets 13-22

BLOCK - II : Banking in India 23-61

Unit - 3 : Commercial Banks 24-35
Unti - 4 : Central Banking 36-51
Unit - 5 : Non-Banking Financial Institutions 52-61

BLOCK - III : Development Banking 62-82

Unit - 6 : Development Banks 63-70
Unti - 7 : Major Development Banks in India 71-82

BLOCK - IV : Financial Markets in India 83-123

Unit - 8 : Money Market 84-98
Unti - 9 : Capital Market 99-112
Unit - 10 : Stock Exchange and SEBI 113-123

BLOCK - V : International Financial Markets 124-171

Unit - 11 : Foreign Exchange Market 125-141
Unit - 12 : International Financial Institutions 142-153
Unti - 13 : Petro and Euro Dollar Markets 154-168
• Model Question Paper 169-171

IV
 BA520ECODSE(B)-T



V

(DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC ELECTIVE COURSE-B)

 






 
  
I   
   
   

II   

   
   
   

III   

   
   

IV   

   
   
   

V   

   
   
   

•  

iv