YOUR STUDENT NUMBER

SEAT NUMBER: …………. Final Percentage

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SUPPLEMENTARY EXAM, SEM 1, 2023

SUBJECT AND LEVEL ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION III (S4)

SAPSE CODE ELDI202

DATE 27 June 2023

VENUE SEME HALL NUMBER OF PAGES (including the front

12
page)
TIME 13H00-16H00 DURATION 3 HOURS

FULL MARKS 100 TOTAL MARKS 101

EXAMINER DR. B.P. NUMBI

MODERATOR Dr M KABEYA

FACULTY ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

COURSE DIPLOMA:ENGINEERING:ELECTRICAL

1. Answer directly on the question paper.

2. All answers without units will be penalized, 100%.
INSTRUCTIONS 3. Draw rough sketches to illustrate your answer as appropriate.
4. Use blank and/or blue ink in your answers and diagrams; pencil is no
acceptable.

DO NOT TURN OVER UNTIL PERMISSION IS GIVEN

MARKS (For Examiners and Moderator use ONLY)

1 2 3 4 5 TOTAL DATE Signature
EXAMINER
MODERATOR

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QUESTION 1 (Marks: 30)

1.1 Explain the difference between renewable energy and green energy. [4]

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1.2 Do you think underground cables are appropriate to be used in power transmission lines? (YES or NO?).
Justify your answer by giving reasons. [6]

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1.3 Table 1 and Table 2 give the energy consumption profiles of two different electric loads connected to
the same busbar in an electric network.

Table 1: Load profile 1

Time 21 - 24 6-9 9 - 15 17 - 21 0-6 15 - 17

(hours)

Load (MW) 25 45 60 30 20 45

Table 2: Load profile 2

Time (hours) 6-9 0-6 17- 21 9 - 15 21 - 24 15-17

Load (MW) 20 35 50 10 30 25

a) Draw the overall electric load profile at this busbar. [6]

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b) Determine the load factor at this busbar. [8]

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1.4 In a power plant, explain how the voltage is produced using a synchronous generator. [6]

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QUESTION 2 (Marks: 22)

A 120km-long overhead AC transmission power line, with 120 kV between lines at its receiving end, operates
under the following parameters:
• Frequency = 60 Hz
• Resistance per km per phase = 0.122 Ω
• Inductance per km per phase = 1.32 mH
• Capacitance per km per phase = 0.0135 μF

The transmission line supplies a load of 30 MW at 0.84 power factor leading as shown in Figure 1 below.

Figure 1: Transmission network

Use the basic Kirchhoff’s laws and find:

2.1 The current flowing through the line impedance. [8]

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2.2 The sending-end voltage. [2]

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2.3 The sending-end current. [4]
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2.4 The sending-end active power and reactive power. [4]
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2.5 The total active power losses in the transmission line, in kW, then in % of the total power. [4]
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QUESTION 3 (Marks: 24)

3.1 A 6-disc suspension insulator string in an overhead transmission line, has the pin-to-earth capacitance
equal to the quarter of the self-capacitance. Find the string efficiency of this insulator. [10]
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3.2 Figure 2 illustrates a 3-phase transmission power line where each conductor is supported by a string of
4 suspension insulators. It is assumed that the self-capacitance of each unit is C farad and the shunt
capacitance from each cap-pin junction (node) to the tower is 0.3C farad. A guard ring is used as shown
in Figure 2 and voltages across each unit (disc) expressed as fraction of phase voltage, (V ph) are as
follows: V1= 0.23 Vph, V2= 0.24 Vph, V3 =0.26 Vph and V4= 0.27 Vph.

Tower

0.3C C CA V1
i1 A I1 i1

C V2
0.3C CB
i2 B I2 i2
Vph
C V3
0.3C CC
i3 C I3 i3
I4
C V4

Conductor
Guard ring

Figure 2: Suspension insulators

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a) Write down Kirchhoff’s current law at each nodes (junctions) and express these equations in terms of
voltages (without substituting numerical values of voltages). [6]

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b) Determine the string efficiency. [2]

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c) Calculate the values of CA, CB and CC in terms of the self-capacitance C. [6]

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QUESTION 4 (Marks: 24)

4.1 An hydro-electric project has the following data:

• Catchment area, A = 55x109 m2; Mean head, H = 52m;
• Annual rainfall, F = 1.35m; yield factor, F = 81%
• Penstock power loss is 6%;, turbine efficiency is 90%; power loss in the gearbox connecting the
turbine to the generator is 4% and generator efficiency is 96%,

a) Find the overall efficiency. [4]

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b) Find the annual average power in that can be generated. [4]

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c) If the load factor is 75%, determine the rating of generators installed. [3]

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4.2 Assuming that you are a consulting engineering who just won a tender to design a 15 kV power line in a
rural area. Suggest and justify the choice of conductors, supports, and insulators to be used. [7]

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4.3 A transmission line has a span of 140 m between level supports. The conductor has a cross-sectional
area of 2.2 cm2. The ultimate tensile strength is 6000 kg/cm2. The specific gravity of the material is 8·9
g/cm3. If the wind pressure is 1·35 kg/m length of the conductor, calculate the slant sag if the safety factor
is 4. [6]

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 ANNEXURE

▪ Short transmission lines: Lengths up to 80 km.

▪ Medium transmission lines: Lengths between 80 and 250 km.
▪ Long transmission lines: Lengths above 250 km.

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