TOPIC 1.

RESUMEN

ESTE TEMA ES FUNDAMENTAL

TOPIC 1- LA LENGUA COMO COMUNICACIÓN LENGUAJE ORAL Y ESCRITO- FACTORES QUE

DEFINEN UNA SITUACION COMUNICATIVA: EMISOR. RECEPTOR,FUNCIONALIDAD Y CONTEXTO.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1- LANGUAGE AS COMMUNICATION
1.1-LANGUAGE DEFINITION
1.2- LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS
1.3-COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCES

2- SPOKEN AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE

2.1. HISTORICAL ATTITUDE

2.2 SPOKEN LANGUAGE

2.3 WRITTEN LANGUAGE

2.4 DIFERENCES BETWEEN WRITING AND SPEECH

3- COMMUNICATION THEORY

3.1. COMMUNICATION DEFINITION

3.2. SHANNON AND THE COMMUNICATION DEFINITION

3.3. KEY FACTORS

CONCLUSION

1- INTRODUCTION (SIEMPRE HAY QUE ENFOCAR LA APLICACIÓN EN EL AULA)

1. LANGUAGE AS COMMUNICATION
1.1.LANGUAGE DEFINITION

Language is excluvely used by humans by communication also exists in other animal species.
For example, Hall states “The institution whereby humans communicatice and interact with
each other by means of habitually used oral- auditory arbitrary symbols”. Thus, Sapir supports
“Language is a purely human and non-instinctive method of communicating ideas, emotions
and desires by means of voluntarily produced symbols”.

Among the charecteristics that differentiate humans communication from other kinds of
communication we can mention:

1. Communicative and informative signals: intentional communicative signals vs.

Unitentional made signals
2. Displacement: humans can refer to past and future time.
3. Arbitrariness: word are no the things they attempt to represent (Saussure).
4. Productivity: there is an infinitve number of possible messages
5. Cultural transmission: from one generation to the next one through the process of
teachin and Learning.
TOPIC 1. RESUMEN

6. Discreteness: one sound on its own may convey one meaning, multiple sounds
combined in a particular orders.
7. Use of the auditory vocal channels.
8. Interchangebility of message.

1.2 FUNCTIONS OF THE LANGUAGE

Jackobson defined six functions of language:

1. Referential (centered of the context): the sender uses the language to talk surrounding
elements in a communicative context:
E.g “ The autum leaves have all fallen now”.

2. Emotive (sender): Langue is used to signal emotions ideas or feeling that originate in
sender.
E.g. “wow, what a view”

3. Conative (receiver): Language is used to receive a response, behavior or information,

originated in the receiver.
E.g. “ Tom! Come inside and eat!”.

4. Phatic (channel): Greetings, farewells and interjections can be exchanged.

E.g. “Hello, bye, ok”.

5. Metalingual (code): the use of language to speak about itself.

E.g. this topi cis an example of metalinguistic function.

6. Poetic (message): rhetorical figures, pith or loudess. It is the operative function in

Poetry.

Apart from this, the britisth linguist Halliday grouped all these metafuctions of language into
three:

1.Ideational: ability to talk about experience, people and things their actions and relationships.

2.Interpersonal: ability to estabilish relationship, to cooperate, negotiate, ask for things

3.Textual: ability to link complex ideas together into cohesive information,

1.3COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCES/ language as communication

The purpose of language is communication. In fact, Canale states the idea of communication as
the exchange and negotiation of information between at least two individuals throught the
use of verbal and non verbal messages, oral or written forms, and comprehension and
production processes.

The concept of “ language communication” is relevant for Primary English teachers because
the main goa is to develop of the English subject is to develop student´s communicative
competence.
TOPIC 1. RESUMEN